Active clinical trials for "Pain, Procedural"

Background and objectives The Pectoral Nerves Block (Pecs) Type II is a regional anesthesia technique that provides post-surgical pain relief for patients undergoing breast surgery. Post-procedural pain relief is known to diminish persistent pain. In this prospective follow-up, the investigators evaluated whether the Pecs II block, compared to placebo, is effective in reducing persistent post-procedural pain after breast cancer surgery in female patients. Patients and methods 140 breast cancer stage 1-3 patients undergoing mastectomy or tumorectomy with sentinel node or axillary node dissection under general anesthesia were randomized to receive a Pecs block (levobupivacaine 0.25%) or placebo (saline 0.9%). Patients were invited between 9 and 31 months after surgery to complete a persistent postsurgical pain survey.

Background: Few studies have addressed the situation of procedural pain and the use of preemptive analgesia for turning in patients under mechanical ventilation. Aim: Evaluation effect of preemptive fentanyl on the incidence of pain during turning maneuvers in critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation. Design: Single-center clinical trial, national, randomized, double-blind, with a parallel group, and two arms of treatment: saline placebo and fentanyl. Primary Endpoint: Incidence of pain during the turning procedures that are carried out by nurses measured by means of the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS). Study Population: Critically ill patients, age > 18 years, admitted to ICU and expected to require mechanical ventilation for at least 24 h. Sample Size: 80 patients divided into the two groups (40 patients each). Statistical Analysis: A preliminary descriptive analysis will be carried. Later, results of primary end point will be comparing after the eventual corrections of corresponding variables using a multivariable approach. The AUC variable will be analyzed by a t-test for unpaired data. A second analysis using a multivariate approach will be carried out for those factors considered as clinically relevant in relation to pain and therefore a logistic regression will be used. Ethical Considerations: The study will be strictly conducted following the Declaration of Helsinki and the protocol and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to ensure compliance with the Good Clinical Practice (GCP) standards. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain the valid informed consent from the guardian / legal representative, as the patient's condition will not allow to consent. Before obtaining the consent the investigator will explain to each guardian / legal representative the nature of the study, its purpose, the procedures, the estimated duration, the potential risks and benefits associated with the participation, as well as any inconvenience that this may involve. Duration of Treatment: The treatment has a maximum duration of 60 min for each patient. The follow-up includes visits and has duration of 6 consecutive days. Safety Assessment: Potential side effects of treatments will be recorded. Frequent adverse effects of fentanyl administration include respiratory depression, apnea, muscle rigidity, bradycardia and transient hypotension.

The investigators proposed study will investigate the efficacy of tablet computer distraction as an analgesic for the pain associated with various painful procedures in the emergency department. Since prior studies have shown that distraction by a parent or nurse can be an effective analgesic, there is reason to believe that tablet computer distraction will similarly reduce pain. Participants in the control group will receive a cartoon on the TV monitor in the patient room, while participants in the study group will receive a more immersive distraction of playing a game or watching a cartoon (for children too young to play a game) on a tablet computer. Data from this study will help inform best practices for administering painful procedures in a way that minimizes pain.

SPRINT PNS System will be offered to patients with postoperative knee pain following primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) who meet eligibility criteria and consistent with established coverage policy. SPRINT PNS System will be implanted for 60 days. At the discretion of the physician, the first lead may be placed to stimulate the nerve innervating the region of greatest pain. If pain is not adequately addressed by the first lead when assessed at 10 days, a second lead may be placed approximately 2 weeks following the initial lead placement.

Medical procedures are negative experiences that cause pain, distress, and anxiety and are not only uncomfortable during medical procedures, especially in children; negative consequences such as poor recovery, sleep disturbances, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. There are many different approaches, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, for the treatment of pain and anxiety in children during medical procedures. Non-pharmacological methods vary depending on the child's age, level of development and the type of procedure, and non-pharmacological methods generally used in children fall into three groups: supportive, physical and cognitive or behavioral methods. Supportive methods are practices that include psychosocial care of the child, such as reading a book or playing games. Physical methods include techniques such as cold application, massage, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Cognitive or behavioral methods include practices such as listening to music, daydreaming, relaxation, and various methods of distraction. Cognitive and behavioral approaches typically use the activating or relaxing effects of music for arousal or calming and to enhance the learning of certain skills and behaviors. Music therapy practice reduces pain and anxiety levels by stimulating the pituitary gland. Another method used is the use of kaleidoscope. In the literature, they reported that the use of kaleidoscope is effective in reducing the pain that may occur during blood collection in studies conducted with preschool and school children, children and adolescents, and school-age children. The results show that the kaleidoscope can be used effectively to distract children from the painful procedure and reduce the perception of pain.

Needle-related procedures are among the most common sources of pain and distress for children in the health care setting. More than 50% of children reported pain during these procedures. The necessity for pain management during these procedures is well established. Topical anesthesia has been shown to be effective in managing needle-related pain. Eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic (EMLA) cream is the topical anesthetic most used. The application of this mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine reduce pain during needle procedures in children. To be effective EMLA cream must be applied for at least 60 minutes before needle procedure. This is the major limitation for its use in emergency settings. Ralydan patch is a drug delivery system designed to release local anaesthetics (lidocaine and tetracaine) through the skin. There is evidence of pain relief after 30 minutes from its application. Only one randomized controlled trial compared the two topical anaesthetics in children during venipuncture and showed that Ralydan patch led to superior analgesia than EMLA cream, even if in this study the two anaesthetics were applied only for 35 minutes before needle procedure. No differences were found in success rate of the procedure and vein visibility. In adult patients, Ralydan and EMLA were equally effective in pain relief after 60 minutes from application. To the best of the investigators' knowledge there is no published study that compared needle procedure success rate in children and pain relief effectiveness of lidocaine/tetracaine patch and lidocaine/prilocaine cream, at time of their maximum analgesic effect. The aim of this study is to compare Ralydan patch and EMLA cream at time of their maximum analgesic effect (30 minutes vs 60 minutes), regard to needle procedure success rate at the first attempt and pain relief in children.

Adult patients aged 18-50 undergoing blood draw for routine lab evaluation will be randomized to a control group or experimental group to assess if the use of virtual reality reduces procedural pain (primary outcome) and procedural anxiety (secondary outcome) during venipuncture.

The study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental trial. The children who attended a pediatric surgical clinic for venipuncture divided into two groups via randomization in the computer environment. After the randomization, the children in the guided imagery group listened to a voice recording prepared in a studio during venipuncture. This voice recording named 'Stroll in the Forest' helped the children to imagine that they are strolling in a forest and guided them. On the other hand, no application was performed on the children in the control group during the venipuncture. The primary outcome of the study was pain and secondary outcomes were heart rate and oxygen saturation values. The pain was evaluated by the children, parents, and observer. The pulse and oxygen saturation values were measured before, during, and after the venipuncture.

The study was designed as a randomized controlled experimental research with the purpose of determining the effect of distraction by using external cold and vibration-Buzzy and VR on reducing procedural pain and anxiety in children aged 7 to 12 years during phlebotomy injection.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the distraction cards, virtual reality and Buzzy® methods on venipuncture pain and anxiety in children aged 7-12 years.