Active clinical trials for "Ductus Arteriosus, Patent"

This study will evaluate the use of acetaminophen in preterm infants when a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is of concern. We will perform two simultaneous prospective observational studies over a 3 year period. The first will be of infants with clinically significant PDAs beyond 14 days of life who are medically treated with acetaminophen as a means to avoid surgical ligation, and the second will be of infants who received acetaminophen for a PDA closure during the first 2 weeks of life as a result of ibuprofen, the current standard of care in our NICU, contraindication due to medical status.

Background: PDA is viewed as a standout amongst the most widely recognized congenital heart defects in children and its closure is responsible for many hemodynamic changes that require intervention and care. Methods: A retrospective study included fifty children with isolated PDA treated by surgical ligation from June 2015 to June 2018. Their mean age was 15.78 ± 7.58 months and 72% were females. The LV dimensions and systolic function were assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography pre PDA ligation. The mean duct size was 4.08 ± 1.25 mm.

The aim of the study was to evaluate BNP in preterm infants < 28 weeks on the second day of life, when it is still unknown, if a patent ductus arteriosus is hemodynamic significant or not. We hypothesized that high plasma BNP concentrations on day 2 are associated with the need of PDA intervention in the further course.

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common problem in the neonatal intensive care unit and can be secondary to prematurity or congenital heart disease (CHD). PDA is the most common cardiovascular abnormality in preterm infants, and is seen in 55% of infants born at 28 weeks, and 1000 grams or less. In addition to producing heart failure and prolonged respiratory distress or ventilator dependence, PDA has been implicated in development of broncho-pulmonary dysplasia, interventricular hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia, and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In an Israeli population study 5.6% of all very low birth weight infants (VLBW) were diagnosed with NEC, and 9.4% of VLBW infants with PDA were found to have NEC. In a retrospective analysis of neonates with CHD exposed to Prostaglandin E found that the odds of developing NEC increased in infants with single ventricle physiology, especially hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The proposed pathophysiological explanation of NEC and PDA is a result of "diastolic steal" where blood flows in reverse from the mesenteric arteries back into the aorta leading to compromised diastolic blood flow and intestinal hypo-perfusion. Prior studies have demonstrated that infants with a hemodynamically significant PDA have decreased diastolic flow velocity of the mesenteric and renal arteries when measured by Doppler ultrasound, and an attenuated intestinal blood flow response to feedings in the post prandial period compared to infants without PDA. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) has also been used to assess regional oxygen saturations (rSO2) in tissues such as the brain, kidney and mesentery in premature infants with PDA. These studies demonstrated lower baseline oxygenation of these tissues in infants with hemodynamically significant PDA. These prior NIRS studies evaluated babies with a median gestational age at the time of study of 10 days or less. It is unknown if this alteration in saturations will persist in extubated neonates with PDA at 12 or more days of life on full enteral feedings. In the present study the investigators hypothesize that infants with a PDA, whether secondary to prematurity or ductal dependent CHD, will have decreased splanchnic and renal perfusion and rSO2 renal/splanchnic measurements will be decreased during times of increased metabolic demand such as enteral gavage feeding. To test this hypothesis the investigators have designed a prospective observational study utilizing NIRS to record regional saturations at baseline, during feedings, and after feedings for 48 hours.

Although thrombocytopenia has been reported as a risk factor for patent ductus arterioses, there is lack of data on the function of platelets in ductal closure. Information on functions of platelets in ductal closure may change the known model for ductus arterioses and may affect the treatment modalities.

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence medical or surgical treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants on cerebral and renal tissue oxygenation and on cardiac output.

This is a retrospective chart review to look at the timing of using indomethacin and ibuprofen for PDA closure for infants admitted into the NICU of the University of Utah Hospital from 1/2007-8/2008. The purpose is to compare the outcomes of medical intervention in preterm infants if intervention occurs day of life 4 or less, or day of life 5 or greater, with the birthdate being counted as day of life 1.

The purpose of this study is to track post-discharge outcomes on prematurely born infants who are discharged from the NICU with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Investigators plan to report on the spontaneous closure rate as well as the incidence of pulmonary and/or cardiac events in these infants. The goal is to identify risk factors associated with adverse outcomes in prematurely born infants who are sent home with a PDA.

The aim of the study is to assess the effect of aminoglycoside treatment on ductal closure in preterms

The study was designed to assess whether chest shielding during phototherapy reduces the incidence of PDA, as assessed by serial echocardiographic examinations, in a population of extremely preterm infants born at lower 30 week gestation.