Active clinical trials for "Periodontal Diseases"

Background: - Dental plaque is a coating of bacteria on the teeth. It contributes to poor dental health and diseases such as gingivitis, cavities and periodontal disease. Researchers who study plaque know that many different types of oral bacteria stick to each other in test-tube experiments. However, it is not clear if these interactions occur in natural dental plaque. By studying how bacteria interact, researchers can better understand how bacteria come together and grow to form plaque. Objectives: - To look at how bacteria interact with one another to form dental plaque. Eligibility: - Healthy nonsmoking volunteers at least 18 years of age. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical history and dental exam. They will also have dental impressions taken for a stent (a device similar to Invisalign(SqrRoot) braces). Participants will wear the stent for up to 8 hours a day on selected study visit days. It will contain enamel chips made from sterilized human teeth. The mouth bacteria will stick to the chips and grow. Chips will be taken out of the stent twice during these study visit days. Participants will have other study visits to provide saliva and plaque samples. They will also have gum swabs to collect bacteria. Some participants may have a second set of study visits. At these visits, they will chew gum to increase their saliva production. Afterwards, they will wear the stent with the enamel chips for 4 hours. Samples from the stent will be taken once on these study visit days.

The overall goal of this research is (1) to identify changes in gene expression and DNA methylation status in subjects who exhibit advanced chronic periodontal inflammation and (2) to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) and the interactive pathways associated with obesity as a modifier of periodontal infection pathogenesis.

More than ninety percent of adults in Taiwan are suspected to carry periodontal disease, which causes bad breath, swollen and bleeding gums, plaque and even tooth loss. Half of the patients, however, are ignorance these clinical syndromes because of no obvious pain. In this study, the investigators selected six periodontal disease-associated bacteria strains, including Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td) and Prevotella intermedia (Pi) as diagnostic markers. Using real-time PCR and MALDI Biotyper, the investigators will establish the database of oral microorganisms in Taiwanese people, providing periodontal disease clinical markers of high-risk groups and the basis for personal medicine of therapy in the future.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate, from a microbiological point of view, microbiota around teeth and implants in the same patient affected by periodontal disease and peri-implant disease, all compared with a healthy tooth. From the identification of particular bacterial species in the examined sites, it is intended to be traced back to the identification of a clear etiopathogenic process, which may shed light on the similarities and differences between the two diseases. In recognition of these mechanisms, the investigators think to develop new therapeutic strategies for the future.

Objectives To compare oral health (dental caries, periodontal status, and erosive tooth wear (ETW)), diet and oral hygiene habits between obese and normal weight adolescents, and to explore possible risk associations. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, a convenient sample of 81 obese adolescents (age range 11-18) from a rehabilitation centre, and 81 age-sex-matched normal weight adolescents were selected. Groups were defined using the Body Mass Index and growth curves for Flemish. Oral health was measured using DMFT, gingival, plaque and BEWE index. A validated questionnaire was utilized to assess diet and oral hygiene habits.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential risk of abusive behavior for children in care using nitrous oxide for dental care.

This study will provide mechanistic insight into the underlying causes and molecular level pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. We will identify key mechanisms that confer risk and protection. Ultimately this will lead to new and improved diagnostics and therapeutics. Because periodontal disease is a uniquely accessible biofilm-associated disease it will provide insight into many other diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and chronic infections associated with indwelling catheters and artificial prostheses. Subjects with periodontal conditions will have therapeutic benefit from the treatments provided.

Periodontal diseases are a group of diseases that affect 15% of the population and in the absence of treatment causes tooth loss. Periodontal lesions are characterized mainly by strong inflammation and hyper-vascularization. Search in blood cells and inflammatory markers attempts to explain the etiological-pathogenetic mechanisms. Innate immunity can be assessed by qualitative and quantitative analysis of blood phagocytes, natural killer cells, complement, proteins of inflammation and cytokines. Current data from the literature on this subject give contradictory results and the comparison of studies are difficult because the diversity of the populations studied, evaluated cells and the methods used. The aim of the study was to evaluate the innate immunity of patients with periodontal disease and compare it with a group of patients without periodontal disease.

Periodontitis is a biofilm-mediated chronic inflammatory disease with a multi-factorial etiology; it belongs to the group of diseases classified as "Non-communicable Diseases" (NCDs). According to the results of the Global Burden of Disease Study of 2017, it is the sixth most prevalent disease worldwide and it constitutes a heavy burden on health costs. Risk factors for such disease include non-modifiable risk factors, i.e. familiarity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, as well as modifiable risk factors, i.e. diet, stress and low physical exercise. Given the significant impact of oral health on the quality of life and overall well being of the individual, many studies investigated the importance of risk factors for oral health. In particular, there is some evidence that more severe manifestations of periodontitis are associated with lower physical activity (De Oliveira Ferreira et al., 2019), poor sleep quality (Karaaslan & Dikilitaş, 2019) and more perceived stress (Coelho et al., 2020). With regards to diet, despite the high number of studies demonstrating an anti-inflammatory effect of the Mediterranean Diet, no study has ever investigated the adherence to Mediterranean Dieta to the oral health status. From a methodological standpoint, investigations regarding environmental factors are mainly carried out through questionnaires administration, whose validity and reproducibility had been previously demonstrated. The novelty introduced by the present study would be a complete analysis of the effects of lifestyles (diet, sleep quality, physical exercise, perceived stress) on the periodontal status of the individual.

The study is a cross-sectional survey investigating the Prevalence of Different Stages of Periodontal Diseases among a sample of Young Adult Obese Egyptian patients attending the oral diagnosis clinic at faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University.