Active clinical trials for "Periodontal Diseases"

Recent studies have shown that while mouthwashes exhibit antimicrobial properties against bacteria and their products, at the same time showing the cytotoxic effect on living cells in the mouth.29 To the best of our knowledge, there is no information about the toxicity effect of these two mouthwashes, which are highly preferred, on antimicrobial peptides secreted from the oral epithelium. Therefore, our aim in this study is to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine and essential oil mouthwash on hBD2 and LL-37 in saliva.

The quantification of CD163 will be analysed in the subgingival plaque samples of generalized chronic periodontitis patients with and without diabetes mellitus. The demographic and the periodontal parameters were assessed and the correlated with the quantification of the CD163. The CD163 gene expression was analyzed with RT-PCR and the quantification of CD163 will be done using ELISA.

Pregnancy is a physiological state that is part of the reproductive life of women, establishing their fertile age between 15 and 45 years mainly. This stage will not only mark the birth of the baby but also cause various changes both immunological and physiological, to accommodate the growing fetus. Maternal periodontitis has direct and indirect potential to influence the health of the fetus-maternal unit. According to the literature reviewed, the first evidence that oral bacteria influenced pregnancy outcomes was reported by Collins et al. The injection of P. gingivalis into pregnant hamsters caused intrauterine growth retardation and smaller fetuses, together with an increase in the levels of proinflammatory mediators (IL-1b and PGE2) in the amniotic fluid. Two hypotheses have been pointed out regarding the link between oral health and the adverse outcome of pregnancy. The first states that periodontal disease causes abnormal systemic immune changes, leading to complications in pregnancy. While the second hypothesis suggests that oral bacteria directly colonize the placenta, causing localized inflammatory responses, resulting in prematurity and other adverse outcomes.

Background Post-radiotherapy head and neck cancer (HANC) patients are at increased risk of dental caries and periodontal disease due to radiation-related damage to the teeth and salivary glands. Currently the exact aetiology of post-radiotherapy dental disease, and variation in its incidence and severity based on tumour location and radiotherapy dose, is poorly understood. Consequently there is a lack of clear guidance on how HANC patients should be dentally managed both before and after their radiotherapy. Aim The aim of this study is to quantify the relationship between dental radiation dose, 'spared' parotid gland radiation dose, tumour location, and post-radiotherapy dental disease. Methods A prospective cohort study will be undertaken in HANC patients treated with radiotherapy. A total of 215 patients will be recruited over a period of 2.5 years. Participants will be assessed and rendered dentally fit prior to radiotherapy in the School of Dentistry, Belfast. All patients will be followed-up at 6, 12, and 24-months post-radiotherapy. Data to be collected at each visit will include: total number of carious teeth, periodontal disease indices, salivary flow rates, diet, oral hygiene, mouth opening, xerostomia and oral health-related quality of life. Radiotherapy, including individual tissue-dose exposures, will be prescribed by the Clinical Oncology team as per current practice. Doses to the teeth and 'spared' parotid gland will be determined using radiotherapy research software (Non-Clinical Eclipse System sold by Varian Medical Systems UK Ltd). Using appropriate statistical tests, data analysis will determine the relationship between dental disease, radiation dose, and tumour location. Anticipated variation in the incidence and severity of post-radiotherapy dental disease based on the radiotherapy dose and tumour location, will inform the development of a clinical risk-assessment tool that will allow dentists to categorise patients as 'high' or 'low' risk of future disease. Guidelines regarding pre-radiotherapy dental extractions and post-radiotherapy preventative strategies will also be developed and will advise clinicians based on this risk assessment. A micro-costings study will be undertaken to evaluate patient and healthcare costs associated with the diagnosis and management of pre- and post-radiotherapy dental disease.

Trait anxiety is the tendency of an individual to perceive environmental stimuli such as different events and situations as threatening; it's stable and reflects how an individual generally feels. In 2015, it was estimated that 3.6% of the population lived with anxiety disorders globally, i.e. approximately 264 million people lived with anxiety disorders worldwide of which 31.36 million resided in the Eastern Mediterranean region, that's to say, 10% of the global number of anxiety cases. Moreover, females were more affected than males in a proportion of 4.6% as opposed to 2.6% respectively. The prevalence of anxiety has increased by 14.9% from 2005 to 2015. In addition, in 2017, approximately 42 million new cases were recorded globally. In Egypt, the total number of anxiety cases were more than 3 million in 2015 thus indicating that 4.2% of the total population lived with anxiety. Anxiety may affect the individual's utilization of dental services and predispose to a delay in seeking dental treatment and thus might compromise the overall oral health. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the effect of trait anxiety on the oral health status of women and determine their behavior towards the utilization of dental services. To our knowledge, no previous research has been conducted to assess such relationship in Egypt.

Periodontitis develops due to subgingival infection with specific microbial pathogen from dental plaque. The bacteria can activate immunoinflammatory mechanisms within the local periodontal tissues that lead to destruction of collagen and alveolar bone. Human gingiva contains Langerhans and connective tissue dendritic cells. Signals from periodontal pathogen can induce dendritic cells to maturation,rapidly increasing surface expression of MHC class II, costimulatory molecules, and secrete proinflammatory cytokines to regulate adaptive T cell immune response. Studies on cytokines have led to controversy about different T cell subsets associated with the progression of periodontitis. Seymour proposed that susceptibility to periodontal disease progression involve a predominantly Th2 response while Ebersole speculated that Th2 cells providing protective function. It is possible that a given pathogen may produce different maturation signals by activating DCs induce a given type of immune response. In this study, we observed the profiles and amounts of cytokine production of DCs stimulated with P. gingivalis and T. forsythensis compared with E. coli, to see whether the periodontal pathogens may induce different response of dendritic cells in the innate immunity.

Quantification of NLRP3 (rs4612666) and CARD8 (rs20432111) will be analysed in the subgingival plaque and blood samples of generalized chronic periodontitis with and without coronary heart disease. The demographic and the periodontal parameters were assessed and correlated with the quantification of NLRP3 (rs4612666) and CARD8 (rs2043211) was analysed with RT-PCR

The primary objective of the study is to assess the incidence and severity of the periodontal infection of patients with preterm labor. The secondary objective of the study is to analyze the relationship between preterm labor and periodontal infection, using clinical, biochemical and microbiological methods.

A retrospective case control study to validate the association between Interleukin-1 gene variations and adult chronic periodontal disease in Chinese (Taiwan).

Evaluation of personalized oral hygiene education on plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation in periodontal patients stage I/II/III. Evaluation of personalized oral hygiene education on clinical attachment level in periodontal patients stage I/II/III. Evaluation of personalized oral hygiene education on the psychological determinants described by the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) and the mediating role of these psychological determinants in oral hygiene habits and clinical parameters in periodontal patients stage I/II/III.