Active clinical trials for "Placenta Diseases"

Individually, both opioid and cannabis exposure during pregnancy are associated with changes in fetal growth. The extent to which opioid and cannabis exposure affect fetal growth is unknown. The Investigators hypothesize that the combination of both substances will impact placental function and subsequent fetal growth more severely than either substance alone. The primary objective is to determine the extent to which fetal growth profiles in opioid-exposed pregnancies are influenced by cannabis exposure. This prospective cohort study will consist of opioid-exposed pregnancies and pregnancies without opioid exposure recruited from 5 obstetrical clinics from across Ontario. A total of 546 participants will be recruited.

This is a study of the feasibility of a translational research clinic for pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilisation (IVF). A group of at least 120 pregnancies (of which, at least 80 IVF-conceived) will be followed from early pregnancy to delivery, in order to gain early insights into the growth of the baby before birth, the physical and emotional adaptation of the mother to the pregnancy and how the placenta works. The investigators will collect preliminary data on how these factors may differ between pregnancies conceived with and without IVF, and between different IVF treatment modalities such as fresh or "frozen" embryo transfer IVF. The study aims to understand the practicalities of such a clinic, to identify barriers to participation in the clinic, to assess the uptake of different research measurements and to identify key measurements/time points with the greatest potential to identify and understand the origin of fetal growth and maternal adaptation differences after IVF conception in a full scale study.

Ultrasonography will be used to determine the total blood flow to and from the uterus. This is done by measuring the blood vessels coming from and going to the uterus. This wil hopefully prove viable and open the possibility to further research in the clinical relevance of these measurements.

Background Blood transfusions in pregnancy are usually urgent, unpredictable, and occur in otherwise healthy women. There is evidence of increasing rates of maternal red blood cell (RBC) transfusion around childbirth both in Europe and in US. Indeed, they are recorded in approximately 0.4-1.6% of all deliveries. Although obstetric patients use a small proportion of the blood supply overall (3-4%), however over the last years there has been a significant increase (about 30%) in the use of blood and blood products throughout pregnancy. Most available data relate to the peri-partum period, defined as those occurring from 48 hours before delivery onwards. Anemia in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal mortality and fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The risk of these adverse effects is proportional to the severity of anemia; for instance, preterm birth and low birth weight rates are particularly high among women with a hemoglobin below 7 g/dL. The presence of anemia in at-term pregnant women is a rather frequent and unrecognized risk factor for peri-partum hemorrhage (PPH) transfusion. In a retrospective investigation, we have calculated that almost 20% of at-term pregnant women show iron deficiency anemia. It has been suggested that reduction of RBC transfusion in the context of PPH may decrease maternal mortality and, at the same time, reduce costs. Patient's Blood Management (PBM) is a well-known strategy based on 1) identification of anemia; 2) reduction of blood loss and 3) reduction of RBC transfusion. In several medical specialties, recommendations based on available evidence highlighted the concept that a restrictive RBC administration is safe and efficacious. Despite the fact that the WHO has recommended PBM early 2010, the majority of hospitals are in need of guidelines to apply PBM in daily practice. Rationale Anemia is a frequent and often unrecognized hallmark of at-term pregnancies. Systematic collection of data on transfusion practice during pregnancy and post-partum period are scarce. The application of PBM in obstetrics is expected to improve pregnancy outcome and optimize resources. Objectives Objectives of the present study are To estimate: frequency of anemia in pregnancy and feto-maternal complications, distribution of haemorrhage aetiologies and transfusion indications. To evaluate associations of these outcomes with gestational age, and transfusion dose.

This is a multicentre, open-label, randomized controlled trial. A total of 598 singleton pregnancies with an EFW ≤10th percentile at <32+0 weeks will be recruited and randomly allocated to either the control or the intervention group. In the control group, standard Doppler-based management will be used. In the intervention group, different soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase to placental growth factor ratio (sFlt-1/PlGF) cutoffs will be incorporated to the current protocol to adjust the frequency of ultrasounds and to plan elective delivery.

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of a clinical screening strategy and genomic analysis of the factors involved in Placental Dysfunction (Preeclampsia and IUGR) in women of advanced maternal age undergoing assisted reproduction techniques (ART), specifically, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and oocyte donation.

The GaP study is designed to close important knowledge gaps by: exploring placental health and cellular ageing in GDM and the association with neonatal outcome evaluating the effectiveness of current and novel maternal health follow-up strategies after GDM

PregSource uses a crowd-sourcing approach, asking pregnant women to enter information regularly and directly about their pregnancies throughout gestation and the early infancy of their babies into online surveys and trackers via a website and/or mobile application ("app"). In exchange, participants can track their data over time, print out reports to share with their healthcare team, and see how they compare to other women. In addition, PregSource will provide participants with links to trusted, evidence-based information about pregnancy management, issues, and complications. More information is available at: https://pregsource.nih.gov

A study of aspirin use in pregnancy to prevent high blood pressure and growth restriction of the fetus

In this study is tested the validity of placental vascular indices obtained from placenta ultrasonographic sphere biopsy and entire placenta investigation.