Active clinical trials for "Malaria"

The scientific objective of this study is to test the protective effect of permethrin-treated lesus against P. falciparum malaria in infants and young children.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of one-time subcutaneous (SC) administration of monoclonal antibody (MAb) L9LS in healthy Kenyan children aged 5 months to 10 years, as well as the protective efficacy of one or two doses of L9LS against naturally occurring Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection among Kenyan children aged 5 to 59 months at enrollment, in a setting of perennial high transmission.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of onetime subcutaneous (SC) or intravenous (IV) administration of monoclonal antibody (MAb) L9LS in healthy Malian adults and one-time SC administration of L9LS in healthy Malian children, as well as its protective efficacy against naturally occurring Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection over a 7-month malaria season in healthy Malian children 6-10 years of age.

In the current study, three experimental approaches aiming at reducing malaria transmission will be tested. The study will cover two transmission season (2019 and 2020) and the interventions will vary by season. More specifically, in the 2019 transmission season (June-December) (Year 1), community case management of malaria (CCM) will be implemented in all eight villages as improved standard of care; in the 2020 transmission season (Year 2), the eight study villages will be divided into 4 study arms. CCM will continue in all villages; two villages will continue with CCM only (Arm 1, control); the three other pairs of villages will receive active fever screening and treatment (Arm 2); monthly mass screening and treatment (MSAT) (Arm 3); and mass drug administration (MDA) during the last 3 months of the dry season (April-June) (Arm 4). For MDA, the whole population (except for those not fulfilling the entry criteria) will be treated with a full course of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) (320/40mg and 160/20mg piperaquine/ dihydroartemisinin per tablet) per manufacturer's guidelines (once daily for 3 days and according to body weight). The MDA treatment will be repeated 3 times at monthly intervals.

The study is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 2 clinical trial that will assess the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity and protective efficacy of PfSPZ Vaccine and PfSPZ-CVac against naturally occurring malaria in healthy Indonesian soldiers deployed to eastern Indonesia.

Background: Malaria is a disease carried by mosquitoes in tropical countries around the world. It can cause symptoms like fever, body aches, and weakness. More than half a million people worldwide died of malaria in 2021, mostly children. Researchers want to find ways to prevent the spread of this disease. Objective: To test the effects of a new malaria vaccine. (Volunteers will not be exposed to malaria.) Eligibility: Healthy adults aged 18 to 50 years. Design: Volunteers will be screened. They will have a physical exam with blood and urine tests. They will take a short quiz to make sure they understand the study. Volunteers will have 3 visits to receive the vaccine. These visits will be about 1 month apart. The vaccine will be injected into the muscle of the upper arm. Volunteers will have 12 additional clinic visits. These will start after the first vaccine visit and continue for 8 months. The visits may include a physical exam and blood tests. There will also be 7 follow-up phone calls. These will occur the day after each vaccine visit and then continue for another 12 months. Participants will be asked how they are doing and whether they have had any changes in their health.

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 268 healthy Malian children aged 6-10 years, residing in Bancoumana and surrounding villages, will be administered three doses of 9.0x10^5 Pf sporozoites (PfSPZ) of PfSPZ Vaccine (or placebo) at 1, 8, and 29-days using direct venous inoculation (DVI). The study is composed of a single cohort with two arms (categorized by placebo control/experimental groups) designed to assess the safety, immunogenicity and protective efficacy of PfSPZ Vaccine. All subjects will receive artemether-lumefantrine (AL) approximately 1- 2 weeks before the first dose of PfSPZ Vaccine or normal saline for clearance of Pf parasitemia. Vaccinated participants and non-immunized controls will be followed for safety and monitored for development of parasitemia through the natural malaria transmission season to estimate vaccine efficacy (VE).

This is a Phase IIb randomised controlled trial of the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of the blood-stage malaria vaccine candidates RH5.1 in Matrix-MTM and RH5.2-VLP in Matrix-MTM in infants aged 5-17 months in Burkina Faso

Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Uganda has the 3rd highest global burden of malaria cases (5%) and the 7th highest level of deaths (3%), accounting for over 10,500 deaths annually. Uganda also has the highest proportion of malaria cases in East and Southern Africa (23.7%). Even with the current prevention strategies including use of impregnated mosquito nets, in 2017, malaria still accounted for 27-34 % of outpatient visits, 19-30 % of hospital admissions, up to 20% of all hospital deaths nationally. A significant percentage of deaths occur at home and are not reported by the facility-based Health Management Information System (HMIS). 27.2% of inpatient deaths among children under five years of age are due to malaria. The transmission of Plasmodium from humans to mosquitoes depends on the presence of mature gametocytes transmission stages. The current first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria is artemether lumefantrine, an artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) which rapidly clears asexual parasites and developing gametocytes but leaves mature P. falciparum gametocytes largely unaffected, thus a proportion of patients may transmit malaria after successful ACT treatment and there is an urgent need to prevent this malaria transmission.

Significant gains have been made in reducing the overall burden of malaria worldwide, however these have been far greater for Plasmodium falciparum than P. vivax. P. vivax remains a major obstacle to malaria control and elimination efforts, largely due to its ability to form dormant liver stages (hypnozoites) that allows it to escape detection and treatment. Importantly, they are susceptible only to 8 aminoquinolines such as primaquine. However, primaquine is associated with risk of haemolysis in individuals with a genetic condition, called glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Additionally, the recommended 14-day prolonged treatment regimen is associated with poor treatment adherence, hence ineffective primaquine treatment. Innovative solutions to the radical cure of both the blood and liver stages of P. vivax are urgently required. The PNG National Department of Health has requested a pragmatic study of the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of implementing point-of-care G6PD testing followed by high-dose, short-course primaquine treatment regimens for patients with P. vivax malaria. This revised case management is to be combined with practicable enhancements to patient education, supervision, malariometric surveillance and pharmacovigilance. This will be a before-after longitudinal health facility-based study implemented at Napapar and Mugil health centres and Baro and Wirui clinics. A staged approach for the implementation of the revised case management strategy will be used, including patient education and counselling, community-based clinical review, with mixed methods evaluation.