Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia"

The COVID-19 pandemic, commonly referred to as "coronavirus", first began in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019. This virus has since spread globally, with infections reported in nearly every country. COVID-19 targets the body's respiratory system, where infections can be found in the nose, throat and lungs. The effect of COVID-19 infection is very variable, where many people might not know that they have been infected and have recovered from COVID-19. However, COVID-19 infection can cause people to have difficulty breathing. This can be severe enough to require hospitalisation and potentially intensive care treatment. While they are being treated in hospital, COVID-19 infected patients can be found to have inflamed tissue in their lungs (referred to medically as "pneumonitis"). This inflammation is thought to be caused by their body's immune systems overacting to the infection rather than the COVID-19 virus itself. By potentially dampening down this overreaction of their immune system, it is hoped that COVID-19 patients with inflamed lungs have better and quicker chance to survive. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and healing properties on injured tissue. MSCs have been trialled in various diseases but have not yet been tested on patients with COVID-19. In this study, the investigators will obtain bone marrow from healthy volunteers to develop a cell-based treatment for COVID-19-related pneumonitis. The investigators will also determine whether it is feasible to recruit bone marrow donors in a clinically useful timeframe to treat COVID-19 patients. A future trial, COMET20, will use the bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) manufactured in COMET20d to treat COVID-19 patients suffering with pneumonitis, to determine whether the BMMSCs can reduce the likelihood for mechanical ventilation and reduce hospitalisation.

To compare presence and kinetics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp)-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) with Mp DNA and Mp-specific IgM antibodies in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) of the KIDS-STEP study.

This study will assess the role of pentraxin3 (PTX3) in the early diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and the detection of antibiotic sensitivity for different organisms isolated from tracheal aspirate.

COMBAT trial was contemplated to elucidate unknown clinical relevance of carbapenem heteroresistance among Klebsiella pneumoniae species. Bloodstream infections, type of frequently seen invasive infections that pathogen isolation, identification of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms can be performed efficiently, with carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKp) and carbapenem hetero-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae will be compared in terms of relevant clinical outcomes such as 30-day mortality rate, 14-day clinical cure rate, 7-day microbiological eradication rate and 90-day relapse/re-infection rate. In addition, underlying molecular resistance mechanisms causing carbapenem hetero-resistance among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates will be investigated by using whole genome sequences.

The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first merged in China in December 2019, is now becoming a Public Health Emergency, recently confirmed as a pandemic disease by the World Health Organization. In particular, since February 2020, a rapidly growing number of cases has been identified in Italy. The clinical picture of ranges from asymptomatic cases, mild upper respiratory tract infections to severe pneumonia with respiratory failure and death. In most severe cases, COVID-19 disease may be complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock and multiorgan failure. It results fundamental to early identify those subjects who rapidly may worsen their clinical status, often requiring an intensive care unit (ICU) admission. It has been showed that, mainly in more severe forms of SARS-Cov-2 disease, there is the development of an hyperinflammatory status resembling a cytokine storm syndrome, as already reported in SARS patients. A recent study by Haung et al. reported that patients with COVID-19 infection showed high amounts of IL1B, IFN-gamma, IP10 and MCP1, probably linked to activated T-helper1 (Th1) cell responses. Those requiring ICU admission had higher levels of cytokines than those subjects not requiring ICU admission, thus suggesting that cytokine storm was associated with disease severity. A similarity between cytokine profile of COVID-19 disease and secondary haemophagocytic syndrome (sHLH) has been reported. Therefore, it was suggested to screen all patients with severe COVID-19 infection both for hyperinflammatory markers (like ferritin), and the HScore commonly used to generate a probability for diagnosis of sHLH (8), which includes some laboratory parameters like triglycerides, fibrinogen, ferritin, serum aspartate aminostransferase. Based on our experience on patients affected by pneumonia from Covid19, we have observed that those subjects with a more severe prognosis might have some predictive markers. We intend to verify if these markers can identify those subjects with Covid19 infection who need a more intensive therapy and to find a prognosis score.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important pathogen that frequently causes nosocomial community-acquired and infections, including pneumonia, urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, pyogenic liver abscesses, and septic shock. An emerging co-existence of carbapenems and fluoroquinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae is causing major difficulty in treating infections caused by such pathogen

Incidence of Pneumonia in Patients with high systemic glucose levels.

Medical clowns are known to assist in relaxing children and allowing better cooperation during performance of medical procedures. The ability of medical clowns to improve the motivation of children to perform active tasks was never examined to date. The investigators would like to examine the influence of the clowns' presence on the performance of pulmonary function test.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the disease burden of hospitalized patients with CAP and HCAP in real life of China

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a type of bacteria that is carried (lives) in the nose of most individuals and can sometimes go on to cause severe infections such as meningitis and pneumonia. There are over 100 types of pneumococcus, and children in the UK have been routinely immunized against pneumococcal disease since 2006. A vaccine against 13 types of pneumococcus (PCV 13) was introduced into the UK in 2010, replacing a previous version that prevented 7 types. Pneumococcal carriage in the Thames Valley region has been studied over the last 7 years with carriage rates having been shown to be reflective of potential severe pneumococcal disease and hence vaccine effect. The main purpose of this study is to see whether the pneumococcal immunization program has changed the frequency and nature of pneumococcal bacteria carried by children, as this may give a clue as to what changes in pneumococcal disease are likely to be seen in the future. In addition, this study is especially timely given the possibility of a change in the PCV 13 immunization schedule that is currently being assessed in the 'Sched3' Immunization study (NCT02482636). Obtaining accurate baseline data will be important in informing the interpretation of any subsequent data on carriage rates obtained following introduction of the new schedule. This study will enrol up to 1600 children aged 13 to 48 months living in the Thames Valley and South Midlands and which have had three doses of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. In addition, up to 800, 6-12 month old children who have received a priming dose of PCV13 will be recruited. The study consists of one visit done at a convenient venue (GP surgeries, educational/ play settings, or home) where a single nasal swab and an optional finger-prick blood sample for a sub-set of 632 participants, will be performed. No additional follow-up is needed. The study recruitment period will be from 2017 onwards.