Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia"

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) were used in the 1800s and 1900s to treat pneumonia before the introduction of antibiotics in the mid-1900s. The purpose of this study is to determine if OMT, when used in conjunction with antibiotics and other usual care, will improve the recovery of elderly pneumonia patients.

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical cure rate of ceftobiprole medocaril (the water-soluble prodrug [form] of ceftobiprole) referred to as ceftobiprole versus a comparator in the treatment of patients with nosocomial pneumonia.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a commonplace complication of intensive care patients ventilated for longer than 48 hours. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the cause of late onset VAP in up to about 30% of cases in US hospitals. Ineffective treatment of MRSA VAP clearly leads to prolonged mechanical ventilation and is probably associated with higher mortality. The purpose of this protocol is to directly compare linezolid and vancomycin specifically for MRSA VAP.

The purpose of this study is to determine the best treatment for children with a fluid collection in the chest associated with an underlying pneumonia. Researchers generally agree that a child with a large fluid collection in the chest need to have the fluid drained in addition to anitbiotics. There have been many treatments studied in children that have been shown to be effective and safe, but the treatments have never been compared to each other in a randomized controlled study. The optimal treatment of pediatric parapneumonic effusions remains controversial. The objective of this study is to compare the use of conventional management (antibiotics with thoracostomy tube placement) with primary thorascopic drainage (see protocol). Our hypothesis is that pediatric patients with parapneumonic effusion, regardless of pleural fluid composition and loculations, have decreased morbidity when treated with early thoroscopic adhesiolysis (VATS) compared with conservative treatment.

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical response rate of doripenem versus comparator in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Patients on ventilator are in high risk to develop ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). This acquired infection significantly increases morbidity and mortality of these patients. Studies that investigated the factors influencing the incidence of VAP proved that infectious agents located in the throat and oral cavity are important factors. The assimilation of oral cavity treatment, including teeth brushing, cleaning and removal of secretions may significantly decrease the incidence of VAP. Choosing the method of oral cavity cleaning is based on few studies that demonstrated the optimal influence of combining mechanical cleansing, the use of a non alcoholic antiseptic material and lubrication of the lips and the oral cavity. Most of these studies are retrospective. The study will compare the traditional method of oral cavity treatment with the use of protocol that use special suction connected toothbrush to clean the teeth and the oral cavity, use of non alcoholic antiseptic solution and lubrication of the lips and the oral cavity. The current study is a prospective, open label, statistically balanced study that will investigate the connection between the method of oral cavity treatment and the incidence of VAP. 100 patients will be included. All ventilated patients in the ICU will be eligible and will be included after an informed consent will be signed by the patient, or by his legal guardian. Exclusion criteria include age less than 18 y/o, pregnancy, expected survival of less than 48 hours, immunosupression (excluding patients on steroids), severe burns, existing pneumonia and patient already included in another study. The main outcome will be 30 days all cause mortality. Secondary outcomes include the development of VAP, days on ventilator, LOS in the ICU and LOS in the hospital.

Randomized trial of nursing home residents with pneumonia to assess if intramuscular cefepime is a safe, efficacious, and cost-effective alternative to once daily intramuscular ceftriaxone for the treatment of elderly nursing home residents who develop pneumonia and do not require hospitalization.

Acute lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in sub Saharan Africa. The World Health Organisation (WHO) still recommends intravenous chloramphenicol for the treatment of severe pneumonia in children aged less than five years. However, up to 20% of children fail treatment due to the emergence of resistance by bacteria. Several centers now use ceftriaxone, a third generation cephalosporin, which is reported to be efficacious in the treatment of severe pneumonia. However the high cost of ceftriaxone is too prohibitive to allow for its routine use in resource constrained countries. The purpose of this study is to compare chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone in the treatment of severe pneumonia in children under five. We hypothesize that 92.7% of children who receive once daily intravenous ceftriaxone (75 mg/kg body weight)for 7 days, will recover from severe pneumonia compared to 80.2 % of those who receive intravenous chloramphenicol (25mg/kg body weight/dose every 6 hours for 7 days).

In the Intensive Care (IC)-unit moxifloxacin treatment is often started with intravenous administrations. As moxifloxacin is known to have a high oral bioavailability in healthy volunteers, patients are switched to oral or enteral therapy as soon as possible. However, no data on plasma levels for moxifloxacin during such a switch-therapy in IC-patients are available. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the moxifloxacin-plasma levels and their inter-individual variability during IV to enteral switch therapy in IC-patients.

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical cure rate (ratio of clinically cured patients to the total number of patients) of ceftobiprole medocaril versus a comparator in the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia.