Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia"

The study evaluates whether lung ultrasound monitoring could lead to earlier detection of ventilator associated pneumonia and influence outcome. Half of the participants will be diagnosed with VAP using a combination of lung ultrasound and clinical features and half will be diagnosed using the Johanson criteria, which is a combination of clinical features and chest x-ray.

This study will investigate the efficacy of a novel air purification technology, Photo Electrochemical Oxidation (PECO), has on pediatric patients hospitalized for respiratory distress. The study will take place at Mercyhealth Hospital - Rockton Avenue where all 23 pediatric rooms will be outfitted with portable PECO air purifying units. The main outcomes are the length of stay and progression to ICU, which will be compared with historical controls.

A brisk immune response can clear a pathogen but can cause extensive collateral damage to the host. It is known that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection triggers a multi system inflammatory disorder which can lead to a spectrum of clinical symptoms (Dhama et al. 2020). Severely ill patients maintain a sustained profile of high pro-inflammatory cytokines, (Lucas et al. 2020). Approximately 20% of patients display acute multi-system failure, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), accompanied by an intense inflammatory process, which is life-threatening (Wang et al. 2020; Wu et al. 2020; Yang et al. 2020). However, in severe COVID-19, the lymphocyte count decreases progressively, while the neutrophil count gradually increases (Li et al. 2020). To date, four meta-analyses have reported that patients with severe COVID-19 infection have a higher Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) than those with non-severe COVID-19 infection (Zheng et al. 2020, Chan & Rout. 2020; Ghahramani et al. 2020; Lagunas-Rangel et al. 2020). There is no absolute reported objective threshold level for when NLR progresses from near normal through moderate to severe. An objective marker of cellular dysfunction of neutrophils would be a helpful tool for the clinician in monitoring changes to the patient status and to determine if interventions are having positive effect.

This prospective, single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, observer-blind Phase 1/2 study includes two separate parts. Part 1 is a first-in-human, Phase 1 study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of the COVIVAC vaccine at three different dose levels (1, 3, and 10 µg) without adjuvant, and at one dose level (1 µg) with the adjuvant CpG 1018, in a total of 120 subjects aged 18-59 years. In Part 2 of this combined Phase 1/2 study, 300 adults aged 18-75 years will be randomized (2:5:5) to placebo, or one of two selected formulations of COVIVAC being evaluated in Phase 1

Background: Standard practice of flushing saline over the patient's secretions following suctioning is similar to pouring water over grease, leading to motivating bacterial colonization and proliferation inside the suctioning circuit (i.e., catheter, tube, and collecting jar), which can then migrate to patient's lung during suctioning procedure causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Therefore, flushing this circuit using an appropriate disinfectant to prevent bacterial colonization inside it and thus decreasing pneumonia occurrence has been our crucial investigation idea. Aim: To investigate the effect of suction system flushing with chlorhexidine (CHX) on the occurrence of VAP among mechanically ventilated patients (MVPs). Design: This study adopted a quasi-experimental research design, and a convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 136 patients to conduct this study. Setting: This study was conducted at surgical intensive care units of Mansoura University Emergency Hospital, Egypt. Results: The intervention group patients had a lower incidence of VAP (by 48.12%) compared with the control group. Moreover, the proposed technique was more effective in decreasing the incidence of late-VAP more than early-VAP. Furthermore, CHX reduced the cost of suction system flushing by 75%. Conclusion: Suction system flushing with CHX can significantly reduce the occurrence of VAP among MVPs and reduce the flushing cost. Therefore, this study recommends incorporating CHX into the daily care of MVPs.

This is a Randomized, Open-Label Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Aralast NP Infusion Therapy with Antiviral Treatment and standard of care versus Antiviral Treatment and standard of care (control group) in Hospitalized Patients with Pneumonia and COVID-19 Infection.

This is a PAC study after PCV13 launch in China. Based on recommendation from China Agency, Pfizer was required to conduct a descriptive immunogenicity study to measure the antibody levels at the time of disease onset.

A double-blind, placebo controlled trial of atropine eye drops used by sublingual way for preventing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is a type of pneumonia that develops more than 48 hours after endotracheal intubation, is common in intensive care units (ICUs). It is estimated to be responsible for 27% to 47% of ICU-acquired infections. The pathogenesis of VAP is complex but typically involves colonization of the aerodigestive tract with pathogenic bacteria, the formation of biofilms, and microaspiration of contaminated secretions. Preventing carriage of potentially pathogenic micro-organisms from the aerodigestive tract is an infection control strategy used to reduce the occurrence of VAP. One novel intervention is the administration of prophylactic probiotics which restore non-pathogenic flora that compete with pathogens, modulate local and systemic immunity, and decrease intestinal permeability and thus can be beneficial in preventing nosocomial infections in critically ill patients. The role of the probiotics in preventing VAP in mechanically ventilated patients is inconclusive. Some evidence indicates that probiotics may reduce the incidence of VAP by inhibiting pathogen adhesion, improving gut mucosal barrier function, reducing bacterial translocation and up-regulating the immune system. Furthermore, guidelines remain inconclusive regarding the role of commensal oropharyngeal flora (COF) as a causative agent in VAP, mainly due to a scarcity of studies in this research field. However, there is evidence that COF may cause pulmonary infection, mostly in immunocompromised patients.

This study will be a double-blind, randomized, multicenter trial to assess the safety and efficacy of a single 1500 mg IV dose of dalbavancin plus a single 500 mg IV dose of azithromycin in comparison to an approved antibiotic regimen of linezolid 600 mg every 12 hours for 10-14 days plus a single 500 mg IV dose of azithromycin for the treatment of Community Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.