Active clinical trials for "Poisoning"

Study to evaluate the impact of the ER/LA opioid REMS program on the incidence of Emergency Department visits and hospitalizations for overdose/poisoning and death among patients prescribed ER/LA opioid analgesics.

The costs to a rural emergency medical services (EMS) system of a change from a traditional cyanide antidote kit to a kit containing hydroxocobalamin alone are currently unknown. The purpose of this study is to use current EMS data to calculate the costs to a rural EMS system associated with the adoption of a hydroxocobalamin protocol for the treatment of suspected cyanide exposure.

Aim: To determine the incidence of cyanide poisoning in fire victims. 20 consecutive patients will have the rest of their blood sample analyzed for cyanide.

The goal of this study is to increase safe medication storage practices in homes with young children in order to prevent unintentional childhood poisonings. As a step toward meeting this goal, this study aims to determine if an intervention to promote safe storage to patients who have young children in their home, including provision of a lock box or lock bag along with brief counseling versus brief counseling alone, results in 1) increased locked storage (and overall safe medication storage practices) of high-risk prescription medications in the home; 2) increased safe medication storage practices of other medications in the home; and 3) improved safe medication storage related knowledge and attitudes.

In France, the carbon monoxide is one of the first causes of the accidental poisonings with approximately 8000 cases a year, among which 500 deaths. The severe forms are translated by neurological disorders even a coma or the death straight away. The more insidious forms with a little carboxyhémoglobine level give rise to frustrate clinical pictures, mimicking flu or intestinal syndromes. The syndrome post--intervallaire corresponds to the appearance of remote neuropsychiatric disorders of the poisoning. Its appearance and its gravity are not correlated in the gravity of the initial poisoning, however the precocity of the treatment tends to decrease its frequency. Carbon monoxide elimination is made under unchanged form in the expired air. In a spontaneous way, the half-life in ambient air is of the order of 4 hours. In ventilation in isobaric pure oxygen, the half-life is shortened at 80 minutes and in hyperbaric oxygen at 23 minutes. This imposes a fast diagnosis for two reasons: For poisonings with low level, the more the investigators wait to measure the carboxyhémoglobine (HBCO), the more they risk not to detect it. The oxygen therapy decreases the duration of the poisoning and thus the tissular suffering. Actually the risk is important to pass next to the diagnosis and to let leave a patient without adapted care and without technical intervention to eliminate the source of the poisoning. Presently, to make the diagnosis, the investigators possess the analysis of the blood HbCO by realization of gas of the venous blood, which are taken in emergencies, but very often a few hours after the end of the exposure at the source of poisoning, what is translated by a disappearance of the symptoms and an underestimate of the initial blood HbCO. Since 2005, MASIMO laboratory commercialize a pulse carboxymètre, the RAD 57, which allows to estimate the carboxyhémoglobinémie in a not invasive way. Lot of studies showed the interest of its use in the early screening of carbon monoxide poisonings, allowing a faster dosage of the blood HbCO, and thus an also faster adapted care.

Poisoning is the deterioration of the body's functions by the ingestion of any substance being toxic to the body or by overdosing a nontoxic substance. Poisoning cases may vary according to the geographical and seasonal characteristics of the region, sociocultural structure of the population, life index and the age groups. Worldwide, intentional self-poisoning (ISP) is the most common form of suicide attempt and the most common method that results in medical hospitalization.

Childhood obesity is increasing globally. Changes in body composition and physiology in obesity setting modify pharmacokinetic parameters and might increase the risk in case of poisoning. Acetaminophen is a drug often implied in poisoning in children population, especially in adolescent attempting suicide. In practice, clinicians use weight to assess intoxication severity, but depending on the weight chosen (actual weight, lean body weight, ideal weight,..) the severity assessment can change as well as medical care needed. In this context we hypothesize that a PBPK modelling would be helpful to predict toxic dosing in obese population and especially in obese adolescent or children. The primary objective of this study is to collect data related to acetaminophen-poisoned patient with at least one acetaminophen concentration sampling and whose clinical outcome is known in order to refine and validate such a PBPK model.

Prospective observational follow-up study for the study and modeling of the pharmacokinetics of the free fraction of ceftriaxone in patients treated with high doses of ceftriaxone (greater than or equal to 4 grams per day).

Evaluation of drug overdose cases presented to Assiut university hospitals' adults and pediatric emergency departments (EDs) in one year period. Evaluation the role of intensive care unit (ICU) admission in these cases and possible scoring system for common groups of drug overdose.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is reported to cause around 30 deaths, 200 admissions and 4000 presentations to Emergency Departments each year in the UK. In the longer term, CO poisoning is recognised to cause persistent neurological problems (including impairments of thinking and behavioural changes), which can develop days to weeks after the initial exposure. However, the incidence of these long-term sequelae is unknown. In addition, there is evidence of long-lasting inflammatory changes in the brain and on-going brain cell injury, although how long this persists is also unknown. Initial assessments of CO exposure can be unreliable if blood tests are not carried out within a relatively short period after the exposure and other biomarkers (such as imaging) are insensitive to detecting previous CO exposure. Certain proteins that are found in brain cells can be detected in the blood of individuals following brain injury and brain cell death. These proteins have been found to be raised in the acute period after minor head injury, persistently raised in patients with a traumatic brain injury and evidence of on going neurodegeneration (i.e. on going brain cell death) and in patients with various types of dementia. The investigators will assess the presence of these proteins in the blood of 50 participants with proven CO exposure in the sub-acute to chronic timescale (2 weeks to 2 years). This has not been done before and will allow assessment of the presence of on going brain injury in these participants. The investigators will also assess cognitive (e.g. memory, attention and speed of thinking) and behavioural impairments in these participants to help characterise the common impairments suffered following CO exposure and relate these to evidence of persistent brain injury and severity of CO exposure.