Active clinical trials for "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"

The primary aim of this study is to determine the effect of dopamine agonist therapy on insulin resistance in lean vs. obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic abnormality in women. The diagnosis of PCOS relies on a constellation of symptoms and signs (problems with ovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism and cystic ovaries). Though not a diagnostic feature, insulin resistance (IR) is a hallmark of PCOS and up to 80% women with PCOS have IR. Although IR is more significant in obese women with PCOS, even lean women can be insulin resistant. No current therapy addresses the problem of insulin resistance in PCOS. Studies have suggested a dopamine deficiency in patients with PCOS, which may underlie the insulin resistance and may have a pathogenetic role in the development of PCOS. No study to date has assessed the impact of dopamine agonist therapy on IR in patients with PCOS.

The purpose of this study is to explore the factors which affect ovarian response of PCOS patients with IVF-ET treatment, in order to provide predictive clinical index for the outcome of IVF-ET treatment in PCOS patients. After figuring out the controllable factors, researchers would be able to educate PCOS patients and improve the success rate while reducing the incidence of complications during the treatment at the same time.

The purpose of this study is to determine if treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with continuous positive airway pressure in women with both OSA and polycystic ovarian syndrome will improve the regularity of the women's menstrual cycles.

Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea (FHA), the spontaneous cessation of the menstrual cycle for at least 6 months after menstrual cyclicity has been established, is a common and reversible form of anovulation not due to discernible organic causes. Whereas animal studies suggest an interaction of metabolic and psychosocial stress in the genesis of FHA, the distinct central mechanisms in humans are not clear. On a behavioral level, FHA appears to depend on a complex interplay between individual stress susceptibility, stressful life events, and enduring metabolic challenge due to inappropriate attitudes towards eating and body image. We will use a comparison group of ovulatory, eumenorrheic women (EW) and a contrast group of lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Although women with FHA and PCOS present with anovulation, each condition differs markedly in pathobiology (and health burden). Contrasting women with FHA to those with PCOS will afford an opportunity to understand more about the interaction between metabolism, stress, and reproduction and to determine the extent to which differences between FHA and EW are attributable to reproductive compromise (anovulation) per se versus specific to the pathogenesis of FHA or PCOS. We have used this approach to great advantage in the past to show that hypercortisolemia was confined to FHA and not PCOS (Berga 1997) and that dysfunctional (unrealistic) attitudes and decreased coping skills were reported more often in FHA than in PCOS and more in PCOS than EW. Further, this approach of comparing 3 groups will allow us to improve therapeutic approaches for two principle causes of anovulatory infertility in women. To accomplish this, we will study women with FHA, PCOS, and normal ovulatory women. The study will take place over 2 months and women will make 4-5 outpatient visits to the Clinical Integration Network Center and will have one overnight stay for frequent blood sampling.

This study aims to better characterize the risk linked to metformin use during pregnancy, using a prospective multicentric cohort design enabling a large sample size, in evaluating the rate of birth defects after first trimester exposure, as well as several other pregnancy related outcomes.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of approximately 5-10%. Polycystic ovary syndrome is diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria by at least two of the following three key features: oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea; clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism; the presence of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound and exclusion of other endocrine disorders including hyperprolactinemia, thyroid dysfunction and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Polycystic ovary syndrome is also associated with insulin resistance, obesity and disorders of lipid metabolism, as well as infertility, although these findings have not been addressed in the Rotterdam criteria. Polycystic ovary syndrome is the major cause of anovulatory infertility. The recent studies suggest that anovulation resulting from ovarian follicle abnormalities in Polycystic ovary syndrome patients are 2-fold of normal ovaries. Firstly, early follicular growth is excessive, thus women with Polycystic ovary syndrome are characterized by an excessive number of small antral follicles (2- to 3-fold of normal ovaries). Secondly, the selection of one follicle from the increased pool of selectable follicles and its further maturation to a dominant follicle does not occur. This second abnormality in the folliculogenesis can cause menstrual dysfunction presented as oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea. Historically, Polycystic ovary syndrome treatment has not been curative in nature, instead treatments focus on resolution of clinical manifestations of the disease.

The results of the evaluation of breast ultrasonography results of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis over 30 years of age will be evaluated. Patients admitted to the outpatient clinic and rotterdam criteria according to laboratory data and polycystic ovary syndrome patients diagnosed by the same radiologist the next day after the end of menstrual breast ultrasonography. The aim of this study is to show the association of polycystic ovary syndrome and fibrocystic breast.

To translate and validate modifies polycystic ovary syndrome quality of life (MPCOQ) questionnaire into Urdu. To evaluate the reliability, validity and of Urdu version of modified polycystic ovary syndrome quality of life questionnaire (MPCOQ).

Development of a bio-mathematical model of the human female cycle

In this study, we will clarify the degree of insulin resistance and characterise muscle glucose metabolism and gene expression in a group of overweight healthy women. The study will clarify how overweight influences body glucose metabolism and thereby in the long-run increases the risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Moreover, the study may clarify why some overweight women develop hormone disorders and diabetes while others remain healthy. The study is essential as many patients suffer from diseases aggravated by overweight. In addition, a genetic disposition for diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome may give rise to the disease if the patient gains weight. It is therefore important that weight-matched control subjects are included in projects with overweight patients. This clinical trial includes 10 overweight women with regular hormones and normal level of male sex hormone. The patients included must be healthy, take no medications influencing the study results. The subjects must take no contraceptive pills or receive any other hormone treatment. In connection with the investigation, the following will be carried out on all patients: clinical examination, blood tests, hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp, muscle biopsies, bone scan. The purpose of the study is to gain more knowledge of how overweight influences women's risk of developing hormone diseases and diabetes.