Active clinical trials for "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are more often overweight or obese and are more insulin resistant than women without the condition and may be at greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease. It is not know whether it is the overweight and insulin resistant component of PCOS, or PCOS per se which leads to the greater cardiovascular disease risk. The aim of this study was to examine cardiovascular risk markers in women with PCOS versus a control population matched for body mass index (BMI), and or, insulin resistance

The prevalence of preterm birth is rising in most western countries. The causes of preterm birth is not fully understood and seem to be multifactorial. The endocrine and metabolic aspects are scarcely investigated.The main purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that endocrine and metabolic factors associate to preterm births.

The purpose of the study was to investigate adipose expression and plasma levels of different adipocytokine, which may play a role in the pathophysiology of PCOS. The investigators investigated lean and obese women with and without PCOS.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of reproductive-age women. According to Rotterdam 2003 criteria: at least two of three criteria are met, hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovary. PCOS will cause irregular menstrual cycle, infertility, acne, hirsutism, obesity, or/and metabolic syndrome, diabetes that may increase risk of cardiovascular disease. Hyperprolactinaemia is also a common problem in reproductive aged women. Both hyperprolactinaemia and PCOS had endocrine disorder and irregular menstrual cycle. Investigators hope to collect clinical data from PCOS and prolactinemia patients followed in Wang Fang hospital for many years in endocrinological and metabolical aspects for comparison. Investigators at the same time would like to understand more about other similarities and differences between these two endocrinological dysfunction for future study.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive women. It is estimated that 5 to 10% of women of reproductive age have PCOS. One of the major diagnostic criteria of PCOS was chronic anovulation which lead to irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, and infertility; the other diagnostic criteria was hyperandrogenism which lead to hirsutism, acne and alopecia. Furthermore, PCOS is thought as a metabolic disorder, the long-term consequence of PCOS were diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, which are potentially dangerous in women health. Early diagnosis and prevention is very important to the PCOS patients. Obesity is the most potential risk of threat to health of populations. There is a major impact of obesity on the PCOS related disorders. Insulin resistance and distribution of adipose tissue were thought to be the important risk factors of cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome. To treat PCOS patients properly,Wan-Fang hospital had established a specific medical team. We recently published in "Fertility and Sterility" about the clinical presentation of androgen excess in Taiwanese women. Hirsutism is much less prevalence (30%) in Taiwanese PCOS women than that previous reported (65-80%) in theWestern women. It is important to know that some clinical presentation of PCOS might have ethic variance. Insulin resistance was reported as another candidate that might have ethic variance.We had reported about 40% women in PCOS women were obese, it is similar with previous literature reported. Obesity is a major factor that could be controlled during the treatment of PCOS.Weight reduction is one of our methods in PCOS treatment. The progressive results for obese PCOS women would be facing the risks of diabetes and metabolic syndrome.We thought like to evaluate the benefit of weight reduction program to the prognosis of obese women with PCOS. Furthermore, it is known that Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) be an early marker of cardiovascular disease, we would like to know the role of EPC to predict metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS. Wan-Fang hospital has a professional team in PCOS treatment and research which including gynecological endocrinologist, cardiologist, medical endocrinologist, specialist in weight reduction. This team had been working well for more that 4 years. We hope we can make a contribution to the study and treatment of PCOS in Taiwan.

Background: - Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a group of disorders related to problems with the secretion of certain hormones, which can lead to reproductive and other issues in women. Frequent complications of PCOS include irregular menstruation, development of ovarian cysts, and insulin resistance. The adrenal glands, which sit on top of the kidney, are involved in the production of certain hormones and the regulation of steroid levels in the blood, and may be affected in women with PCOS. Researchers are interested in studying possible connections between the adrenal glands and PCOS in young women who have been diagnosed with PCOS and healthy volunteers with normal menstrual function. Objectives: - To investigate possible connections between adrenal gland steroid hormone secretion and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Eligibility: Women between 16 and 29 years of age who have been diagnosed with PCOS, or who are healthy volunteers with normal menstrual function. Participants must be willing to discontinue the use of oral contraceptives or any other medications that alter steroid hormone production for at least 1 month before the start of the study. Design: Participants will be screened with a physical examination, medical history, and blood and urine tests. All participants will also have a pelvic (ovarian) ultrasound. All participants will be admitted to the hospital for a 1-week testing period, which will involve the following tests: Regular blood draws for two 2-hour periods (late evening and early morning) to measure hormone levels Fasting blood draws with a dose of corticotropin to test the body's adrenal function Hormone level measurement following regular doses of dexamethasone (a drug that controls the function of the adrenal gland) Daily urine collection for 6 days. Other studies, such as imaging studies of the adrenal glands, may be conducted as required by the study researchers.

BACKGROUND: A new effective way, transvaginal ultrasound-guided ovarian interstitial laser-coagulation treatment, in management of anovulation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), has been presented in the data published. But, the optimal number of laser coagulation points in the ovarian interstitial to be applied at the procedure is unclear. This clinic trial aims to explore an optimal laser dose for this new protocol. METHODS: Fifty-six PCOS women with clomifene citrate-resistant underwent ultrasound-guided transvaginal ovarian interstitial YAG-laser treatment. By random list table，all subjects were randomly divided into four groups in terms of the number of laser coagulation points made in their ovaries as follows: group A, one coagulation point per ovary; group B, two points; group C, three points; group D, four to five points. The size of each point was about 10 mm in diameter on the ovarian plane monitored by transvaginal ultrasound. Postoperative ovulation rate, pregnancy rate and some biochemical parameters were compared among four groups.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is manifested as a heterogeneous mixture of clinical and bichemical characteristics that complicate study of its etiology. It is currently unclear to what extent PCOS-associated traits (hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and coronary artery disease) are the result of environmental factors or genetic predisposition. We propose to conduct a twin study to investigate the possibility that environmental factors are important in the development of the PCOS phenotype. Twin studies are considered to be the gold standard for determining the extent of heritability of a trait. The proposal described here is only for Step 1 of a larger, multi-step study. The major goal of step 1 is to identify a large cohort of twin pairs, in which at least one member of each pair is likely to have PCOS. Participants for this study will come from the Mid-Atlantic Twin Registry (MATR). Many (3283) potential participants have already been identified based on their answers to a preliminary MATR screening questionnaire. Out of the approximately 7145 twin women of reproductive age who completed these MATR screening questionnaires, 1803 women reported irregular periods, 954 reported ovarian cysts, and 526 reported both irregular periods and ovarian cysts. Many of the women in this last group are likely to have PCOS. They represent 7.4% of the total sample, matching current estimates of PCOS prevalence (4-7%) in reproductive age women. We will also add new twin pairs who meet the criteria (irregular periods and evidence of PCOS or cystic ovaries) as they are recruited into the MATR and take the preliminary surveys. According to MATR statistics, about 33% of twin pairs are monozygotic (MZ, identical). Therefore, approximately 174 of the 526 women likely to have PCOS are members of a MZ pair. Step 1 of the proposed study consists of a telephone survey of the 3282 women with irregular periods and/or ovarian cysts. The survey will be conducted by the MATR. The instrument to be used contains a series of simple and direct questions and will take about 10 minutes to complete. The questions were designed to identify PCOS and their content deals with the frequency of menstrual periods (six or fewer per year being a major diagnostic criterion), a previous diagnosis of PCOS, obesity, excess facial hair and other evidence of hyperandrogenism. The women will also be asked if t...

The scope of the study was to investigate different metabolic aspects that may lead to or are a consequence of insulin resistance in premenopausal women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We use gold standard methods for evaluation of insulin resistance. We take muscle and fat biopsies for investigation of gene expression of different cytokines associated with insulin resistance. We investigate the incretin hormones GIP and GLP-1. These two hormones play a central role in glycemic control, and diabetic subjects are known to have alterations in their incretin hormones. The incretin hormones have not previously been investigated in women with PCOS.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, or PCOS, is the most common endocrine disorder in women. Depending on the strictness of the diagnostic criteria used, it is thought to occur in about 6-10% of all women, many of whom do not know they have the syndrome. Women with PCOS produce abnormally high levels of male hormones (hyperandrogenism); this counteracts their ovaries' ability to make enough of the female hormones estrogen and progesterone needed for normal menstruation. PCOS is the number one cause of hormonally related infertility and also increases women's risks for diabetes, high blood pressure, hypercholesteremia, cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. It is currently unclear to what extent PCOS and PCOS-associated traits (hyperandrogenisms, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and coronary artery disease) are the results of environmental factors or genetic predisposition. Therefore, the NIEHS Program in Clinical Research is conducting a multi-phase twin study to measure the extent of PCOS heritability and to identify environmental and genetic factors involved in the development of PCOS. The proposal described here is for Phase 2 of this study. The goals of Phase 2 are to: 1) establish more reliable concordance rates and baseline heritability estimates for PCOS in MZ and DZ twins; and 2) establish a cohort of intact MZ and DZ female twin pairs as a resource for future studies. In Phase 1, about 1500 individual female twins were identified from the Mid-Atlantic Twin Registry (MATR) based on self report of a history of irregular periods and/or cystic ovaries in the MATR General Health Screening Questionnaire. Those twins were surveyed by phone for other traits associated with PCOS. In Phase 2, the twins most likely to have PCOS based on their answers to the Phase 1 phone survey will be recontacted for further PCOS screening. This includes providing a blood sample for measuring bioavailable testosterone (BaT) levels. Women with elevated BaT levels are likely to have PCOS. The women with elevated levels will then be asked to undergo a medical evaluation for PCOS confirmation. This includes a physical exam, medical history, ultrasound, 2-hour glucose tolerance and other biochemical blood tests, and a Ferriman-Gallwey evaluation for abnormal hirsutism (another characteristic of PCOS). The women will also be tested for pregnancy and zygosity. Their female co-twins will be invited to undergo...