Active clinical trials for "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is found in 5% to 6% of women of reproductive age. It affects women's reproductive capability; thus patients have risks of infertility, miscarriage, and complicated pregnancy. A study revealed that the prevalence of oligoovulation or anovulation in patients with PCOS ranged from 65% to 80%. Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is an important regulator in the ovary that play a rule during development and function. It is suspected to affect clomiphene citrate (cc) resistance. In this study the investigator will assess the accuracy of AMH prediction of response to cc in women with PCOS.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether higher insulin resistance in young women with Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with reduced cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglu). Brain volumes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and quantitative cerebral glucose uptake using dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) were obtained.

The aim of this study is to explore the microRNA profile in serum of women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and investigate the correlation between the microRNA profile and markers of metabolic syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common disease caused by hormonal imbalance and is also associated with overweight and obesity. It affects 5-10% of adolescent girls and women capable of having children. Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with missed menstrual periods, hormonal imbalance, being overweight, and with a form of diabetes. Girls with polycystic ovary syndrome may have a breathing problem known as "sleep apnea." Sleep apnea may cause a person to stop breathing for short periods of time while sleeping. People with polycystic ovary syndrome are thirty times more likely to develop sleep apnea than those who do not have PCOS. If sleep apnea is not treated, it may lead to daytime sleepiness, poor school performance, high blood pressure, heart disease and diabetes. The purpose of this study is to understand how insulin function is affected in presence of sleep apnea in girls with polycystic ovary syndrome between 13-21 years of age as compared to girls with PCOS without sleep apnea. Insulin is one of the hormones made in your body to convert food into energy. In people with increase weight body cannot use insulin properly. The investigators also want to see if insulin action is also affected by sleep apnea.

STUDY QUESTION: Which of the four abnormally elevated androgen groups (total testosterone [TT], androstenedione [A4], free androgen index [FAI], or dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate [DHEA-S]) present with an unfavorable metabolic and hormonal profile, appear to be more insulin-resistant and pose additional cardiovascular risk? SUMMARY ANSWER: Subjects with excess free androgen index tend to be obese and face the highest metabolic syndrome risk, adipocytokine alterations, insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular risk. The excess TT group presents with a marginal IR risk, while the excess A4 group has the highest antimüllerian hormone (AMH), and may counterbalance obesity; this group and the excess DHEA-S group have a favorable association with IR.

The aim of this study is to determine maternal androgen metabolism during pregnancy and the impact of androgen disorders on mothers and infants.

Adipose tissue is a central organ in mediating metabolic health. There is some evidence that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a degree of adipose tissue dysfunction which may negatively affect their metabolic health. The aim of this study was to assess transcriptomic profiles of subcutaneous adipose tissue of women with PCOS in comparison with a control population matched on the basis of age and body mass index (BMI). A secondary aim was to then relate these gene expression profiles to the biochemical environment.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely common disorder in women of reproductive age. Diagnosis of PCOS is principally based on clinical and physical findings. Diagnostic criteria and PCOS definitions used by clinicians and researchers are almost as heterogeneous as the syndrome. Of those diagnosed with PCOS using the 2003 Rotterdam criteria, 61% fulfilled 1990 NIH criteria for unexplained hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation. The patient populations with the new phenotypes had less severe ovulatory dysfunction and less androgen excess than patients diagnosed using the 1990 NIH criteria. These findings might be common across all female populations with PCOS, whether in Oriental or Occidental countries. Data for clinical hyperandrogenism indicated that the prevalence of hirsutism in Taiwanese PCOS women is lower than that for Caucasians/Western women. The extent of metabolic abnormalities in women with PCOS may vary with phenotype, age and ethnicity. Obesity represents a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Approximately 40-50% of all women with PCOS are overweight or obese. Obese subjects with PCOS had a higher risk of developing oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea and biochemical hyperandrogenemia than non-obese women with PCOS. Moreover, obese women with PCOS had significantly more severe insulin resistance, lower serum LH levels, and lower LH-to-FSH ratios than non-obese women with PCOS. PCOS women in Taiwan presented with higher LH-to-FSH ratio and lower insulin resistance than PCOS women in Western Countries. However, the average body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in Taiwanese PCOS women than Western women, which might partially explain the difference between these two populations in terms of clinical and biochemical presentations. To further document the ethnic variation between women with PCOS in Taiwan and Western, the effect of obesity on the diagnosis and clinical presentations of PCOS-related syndromes should not be neglected in future studies. Therefore, the investigators plan to do this prospective study for evaluation the clinical and biochemical presentation of Taiwanese women with PCOS.

In the present study, serum pentraxin 3 level and its relationship with insulin resistance were determined in patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS. It was found that PTX3 level is increased in patients with PCOS and it is positively correlated with HOMA-IR.

The investigators aim is to conduct a prospective un-blinded pilot study of premenopausal women diagnosed with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), defined using criteria developed at the 1990 NICHD conference on PCOS, undergoing treatment for ovulation induction with Metformin. We propose that improving insulin sensitivity with use of Metformin in women diagnosed with PCOS has facilitatory influences on the uterine endometrium.