Active clinical trials for "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"

A prospective assessment of psychological characteristics, quality of life and sexuality in naïve patients.

Women with PCOS have been observed to be potential diabetics.Recently,American Diabetes Association has suggested screening of women with PCOS for HbA1C.

AMH is a member of the transforming growth factor family. It is produced by the granulosa cells from 36th weeks of pregnancy.Ovarian granulosa cells are the only source of the antimüllerian hormone. AMH production continues until response to exogenous FSH occurs and follicles reach 4-6 mm in diameter.The number of follicles in patients with polycystic ovaries are 2-6 times higher than normal women. Serum AMH levels are 2-3 times higher in patients with PCOS. The cause of elevated serum AMH levels in patients with PCOS is unknown. There are data showing elevated serum AMH level is due to the increase in the number of follicles 2-8 mm in diameter. Although there is no precise definition; multicystic ovarian is defined by the presence of more than six follicles 4-9 mm in diameter and mixed morphologically with PCO. PCO and multicystic ovaries are distinguished by the absence of the increase in stroma / volume.The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is a difference of serum AMH levels between patients with PCO or multicystic ovaries. A primary goal is to investigate the usability of AMH as a marker besides ultrasound for discrimination of nonhyperandrogenic patients with PCO or multicystic ovaries.

Background: Infertility affects up to 15% of married couples. About half are attributable to female factors, among which anovulation is the leading cause. Some 5% of all women of reproductive age are anovulatory due to the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). PCOS causes also major health and cosmetic problems and significantly affects quality of life. PCOS is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus, but it is unclear whether these are caused by the ovarian dysfunction or result from a common denominator. Working hypothesis and aims: Whole genome analysis of multigenerational families in which at least one woman is affected by PCOS may significantly reduce the numbers needed to verify the specific genes, involved in the causation of PCOS. Methods: Registration of multigenerational families and production of personal files with full workup for the presence of PCOS or its absence (in the women participants). Drawing of blood, extraction and preservation of DNA. Analysis of all informative SNPs in the genomes of the participants on a specific microarray chip. Statistical analysis of the results. Expected results: Verification of the loci and putative genes, associated with the appearance of PCOS. Importance: Elucidation of the specific genes underlying the pathology of PCOS. Probable implications to Medicine: Paving the way for targeted treatment of the problems, associated with PCOS, based on the clear knowledge of its underlying cause(s).

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotype can be structured into three components: anovulation, hyperandrogenism and the metabolic syndrome (of which hyperinsulinemia, secondary to insulin resistance, is the central abnormality)(1). It is the most common endocrinologic disease seen in Gynecologic clinic. The follicular excess in polycystic ovaries and the failure of selection of one dominant follicle contribute to the anovulation of PCOS. The infertile PCOS female usually suffered from difficult ovulation induction and high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome because of extensive stimulation. PCOS is the main androgen disorder in women and has been suggested to be associated with a high risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes. In many PCOS patients, overweight or central obesity is generally associated with increases in fasting insulin levels, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance, and has been identified as a target for new therapeutic strategy, including early change in lifestyle. Insulin resistance, defined as decreased insulin-mediated glucose utilization, is commonly (10-25%) found in the normal population. In women with PCOS, insulin resistance appears even more common (up to 50%), in both obese and non-obese women.Hyperinsulinemia appears to play a key pathogenic role in the ovarian androgen overproduction, because of the stimulatory effect of insulin on ovarian steroid production.

The type-2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease complications induced by polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) with insulin resistance(IR）, which become serious threat to public health. In this observational study, obese patients with PCOS,nonobese patients with PCOS, PCOS patients with impaired glucose tolerance（IGT）, PCOS patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）, and healthy volunteers would enrolled into this study, through the Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled to Mass Spectrometry（ LC-MS/MS）and Rapid Resolution Liquid Chromatography（RRLC） and Quadrupole Linear Trap（QTRAP）Mass Spectrometry coupled to Mass Spectrometry （MS/MS）analysis of serum samples collected from PCOS patients and healthy volunteers to screen the biomarker of diagnosis for PCOS with insulin resistance, to explore the correlation between traditional chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome（phlegm, kidney yin deficiency, kidney yang deficiency, qi stagnation and blood stasis，dampness-heat of liver channel）and metabolites of PCOS.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women of reproductive age that is characterized by elevated androgen levels, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). Moreover, has been associated to insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes and infertility. Women with PCOS are a heterogeneous group, and specific PCOS phenotype could have a substantial impact on oocyte quality and molecular profile. Regarding the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS, four different phenotypes of the syndrome are defined (A, B, C, D). Phenotypic group A is the most frequent and severe subtype of PCOS. It is described that patients with so-called phenotype A exhibit a significantly increased risk of pregnancy complications compared to women with more favorable PCOS phenotypes. Specifically, this clinical-laboratory study will focus on the molecular characterization of PCOS phenotype A. Epigenetic are external modifications to DNA that affect how cells "read" genes. These external modifications have garnered attention in the pathogenesis of PCOS since epigenetics changes have been reported in various organs in women with the condition. However, remains unknown whether these alterations are also found in the egg and in its surrounding cells. Further research is needed to understand the PCOS disorder and to design treatments that can ameliorate the symptoms of the disease. In particular, this project aims to generate the molecular profiles of PCOS phenotype A eggs and surrounding cells and compare them with the ones obtained from and healthy controls. This approach involves the aspiration of immature eggs without hormonal stimulation or with stimulation of only a few days.

Prospective research in which patients who applied to UUTF Gynecology and Obstetrics ART center for the treatment of infertility (inability to conceive despite one year of unprotected sexual intercourse), who will undergo IVF due to PCOS and unexplained infertility

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder and cause of anovulatory infertility among reproductive aged women. According to the revised criteria of 2003, four distinct phenotypes of PCOS can be diagnosed. However, there are emerging evidence supporting the existence of different levels of cardiometabolic risk between the four phenotypic groups of the syndrome. The purpose of this study is to determine the cardiovascular risk of i) normoweight and ii)overweight plus obese women of every one of the four phenotypes of the syndrome as well as the levels of low inflammation serum markers and the possible correlations of the between the outcomes.

Since both pathologies (PCOS and NAFLD) involve disturbed carbohydrate economy, which revolve around insulin resistance, it is tempting to examine the specific "liver profile" of women with PCOD. Furthermore, it would be of great importance if lean women who suffer from PCOD would be revealed to shere cardiovascular risks with their more overweight peers. Patients - women who will be diagnosed with PCOD following their initial referal to our fertility clinic. Controls - normal ovulatory women who approached our fertility clinic due to either unexplained or male factor infertility. Workup - history for menstrual pattern; Clinical evaluation for features of hyperandrogenism; ultrasonographic documentation of ovarian morphology; follicular phase hormonal profile for validation of the diagnosis and for ruling out other pathologies which may cause anovulation. Liver profiling - The following blood tests will be used for the biochemical profiling: fasting glucose and insulin, CRP, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, ALT, GGT, LDH, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, ferritin, HBA1C and micro albumin ratio. FibroScan® will be used to measure liver stiffness.