Active clinical trials for "Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic"

The primary objectives of this proposal are to develop objective pre-deployment predictors of PTSD and test two pre-deployment resiliency interventions.

This study will evaluate the predictive validity of a game-based screening system based on child self-report measures. The core study hypotheses are that (1) in-game assessments will predict problematic recovery (child pain and posttraumatic stress symptoms [PTSS]) and (2) parents in the intervention group will report greater confidence in managing child recovery.

Interventions are available to all adult women sexual assault survivors to reduce the risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection, yet no interventions are provided to reduce posttraumatic stress. This pilot study tests the ability of a smartphone-based web app to prevent and reduce posttraumatic stress in women sexual assault survivors.

To investigate if written exposure therapy is feasible for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder

One third of mothers rate their childbirth as traumatic. The prevalence of childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD) is of 4.7% and the prevalence of childbirth-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (CB-PTSS) of 12.3%. Skin-to-skin contact is a protective factor against CB-PTSD. However, during a caesarean section (CS), skin-to-skin contact is not always feasible and mothers and infants are often separated. In those cases, there is no validated and available solution to substitute this unique protective factor. Based on the results observed in studies using virtual reality (VR) and head-mounted displays (HMDs) and studies on childbirth experience, we hypothesize that enabling the mother to have a visual and auditory contact with her baby could improve her childbirth experience whilst she and her baby are separated. To facilitate this connection, we will use a 2D 360° camera filming the baby linked securely to a head-mounted device (HMD) that the mother can wear during the end of the surgery.

This study is a community prevention randomized trial with three parallel groups: two intervention groups and one control group in Buenaventura and Quibdó. The aim of the trial is to evaluate the impact of two community interventions on mental health; the intervention groups are designed to decrease depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorders symptoms as well as the level of dysfunctionality in Afro-Colombian victims of violence. Adult people (equal or more than 18 years old) belonging to Afro-Colombian communities in both cities will participate in the enter survey. The subjects will be selected based on the severity of symptoms, traumatic experiences and a level of dysfunction identified using the instruments of this research (i.e. those obtaining an score equal or higher than 49 in symptoms (25% of the total of symptoms)). The fieldwork and the interventions will be conducted by people belonging to the community; they are called Lay Psychosocial Community Workers (LPCW). After six (6) weeks of formal training, they will be able to perform two kinds of interventions, Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA) based on a cognitive behavioral intervention and Narrative Community Group Therapy (NCGT), for the people affected by violence and displacement that were pre-selected according to the baseline instrument. The LPCW will be under the constant supervision by psychologists of the project, and under weekly supervision by a group of experts from Johns Hopkins University, the Heartland Alliance and The Institute for Research and Development in Violence Prevention and Promotion of Peaceful Coexistence Social (CISALVA) by means of phone calls or monthly visits to the cities. Selected subjects will be randomly allocated to any study branch: CETA, NCGT or the waiting control group. The study subjects will follow their allocated treatment, or waiting in the control group, for 8 to 12 weeks; then they will be re-assessed using the project instrument two weeks after the last session of therapy. The study outcome is the differences in instrument scores between the follow-up and the baseline among the interventions (CETA or NCGT) and control group. Control subjects will be assessed by the project psychologist after the follow-up, and they will receive treatment when necessary.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a brief intervention in video format delivered in the post assault medical exam setting and including education about assault reactions and instruction in and modeling of successful coping strategies would reduce post assault drug use or abuse and PTSD symptoms as compared to standard care.

The objective of this proposal is to collect pilot data to characterize the binding of [11C]MENET in combat-exposed war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Approximately two hundred thousand veterans will be returning stateside upon the end of combat operations in Iraq, and 13% of returning veterans will have PTSD. 15% of all war veterans will develop chronic PTSD symptoms requiring a lifetime of mental health care. Little is known about the dysregulation of PTSD veteran's neurochemical state including the noradrenergic system which plays a primary role in memory and stress response. This includes heightened anxiety, fear and hyperarousal symptoms characteristic of PTSD. The noradrenergic system is a concentration of neurons in the brainstem nucleus, locus coerulues, that have projections to the amygdale and prefrontal cortex. The norepinephrine transporter (NET) is responsible for regulating and terminating noradrenergic transmission, and is a specific marker for neuronal integrity. Hyperactivity of the noradrenergic system up-regulates NET protein. An unresolved problem in studying the noradrenergic system is identification of suitable radiopharmaceutical to non-invasively measure alterations in the density of NET. The investigators propose to address this challenge by using positron emission tomography (PET) to measure stress-induced changes in NET expression in combat-exposed war veterans with PTSD. The central hypothesis of this proposal is that war veterans with PTSD have an up-regulation of NET in the locus coerulues resulting from hyperactivity of the noradrenergic system compared to healthy controls. Through a series of experiments, the investigators will determine the in vivo binding characteristics of [11C]MENET. The investigators will use this information to optimally design an experimental protocol to measure the availability of NET in a pilot group of combat-exposed war veterans with PTSD. The aims of this proposal are: 1) Measure the uptake kinetics and whole brain distribution of [11C]MENET in combat-exposed veterans with PTSD and healthy controls, 2) Develop a quantitative kinetic model of [11C]MENET uptake to calculate the NET availability in brain. The subjects undergoing imaging in this work will be recruited by Dr. J. Douglas Bremner (Co-Investigator) at Emory University and Atlanta Veteran Affairs Hospital. Our long-term goal is to develop a longitudinal study framework to assess the NETs dysregulation during onset of PTSD as well as its transition to chronic lifetime PTSD.

The investigators propose to develop and pilot-test a short-term cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) for hospitalized survivors of acute burns, in order to reduce posttraumatic symptoms before they consolidate into long-term posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This is important because approximately one third of burn survivors develop PTSD after discharge. PTSD is associated with extended psychological suffering and a greater need for medical services in the future. Although there are treatments for chronic PTSD, there are far fewer interventions available to treat acute posttraumatic symptoms before they develop into this disorder, and none to date has focused on adult burn survivors. The little research available on other forms of trauma suggests that interventions developed to treat PTSD may be helpful in preventing PTSD when used in the first weeks following a trauma. The investigators will develop a six-session intervention package for use with patients at the Los Angeles County + University of Southern California Burn Center. The intervention will translate CBT principles that have been validated with trauma survivors, but will be adapted to hospitalized burn patients. After manual development, we will pilot-test this treatment on 15 patients who are medically stable, and not critically ill, intubated, or delirious. Treatment will consist of three 50-minute CBT sessions per week, involving mindfulness-focused relaxation training, graduated exposure to memories of the burn, psychoeducation, and cognitive restructuring. Assessment will include standardized tests of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression, administered at the initiation and termination of treatment, and at one-month follow-up. Also assessed will be number of hospital days to discharge and participant satisfaction with treatment. We will evaluate the overall feasibility of conducting a study on PTSD prevention in burn survivors, as measured by initial recruitment success, subsequent dropout rates at the end of treatment and at the one-month follow-up, and participant satisfaction. These data will then be used to support a subsequent application for funding of a larger-scale randomized clinical trial (RCT) study.

In this article, the investigators report the design and protocol of a functional magnetic resonance imaging study (fMRI) of the treatment of Danish veterans with PTSD with Prolonged Exposure Therapy (PE). In total 30 Danish veterans will be recruited, who meet the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for PTSD, and treated with PE. A group of controls will be recruited consisting of age-appropriate same sex veterans who have participated in international missions similar to the patient group