Active clinical trials for "Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting"

Artificial abortion is the most widely used procedure in termination of first-trimester pregnancy. Cervical ripening before the operation guarantees operative convenience and decreases complications. An overstrained cervical dilation associates with uterine perforation, cervical laceration and cervical incompetence. To address the issue, various mechanical and pharmaceutical methods have been applied to prepare the cervix before transvaginal procedures. Prostaglandin analogues (PGs) play an important role in ripening the cervix or promoting uterine contraction in gynecology and obstetrics. As most tissues express prostaglandin receptors, vomiting, nausea, fever, diarrhea and abdominal pain can hardly be avoided with PGs administration. Longer PGs action contributes to better cervical ripening, but more uncomfortableness at the same time. These annoying symptoms may affect the participants' satisfaction and increase perioperative risks. To balance the safety and effectiveness of the surgery as well as patients' feeling, a proper timing for cervical ripening should be investigated. However, the administration timing of PGs has not reached a broad consensus, ranging from 16 hours to 2 hours before surgery. Carboprost methylate (CM), a PG-F2α analogue, has been used nationwide for cervical ripening in China. To minimize the side effects of PGs without affecting cervical ripening, the investigators intended to explore shortening the action time of CM in cervical preparation before artificial abortion. Thus, the investigators conducted this prospective cohort study and aimed to examine the efficacy of early and delayed vaginal administration of CM before surgery, and optimized both the perioperative safety and participants' convenience. The investigators hypothesize that early vaginal administration of CM would not affect the cervical ripening status, but will greatly reduce the unpleasant complications among the participants.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether nicotine is effective in the prevention of nausea and vomiting in non-smokers undergoing surgery

This study aim to find out the effectiveness of 1 mg intravenous haloperidol compared to 5 mg intravenous dexamethasone to prevent the occurrence of nausea and vomiting also as pain control in adult patients after laparoscopic surgery.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and tolerability of aprepitant for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in pediatric participants. Post-operative aprepitant plasma concentrations will be evaluated with a non-compartmental analysis (NCA) at each dose and for each age cohort. Full PK profiles analyzed using population PK modeling and simulation will be described in a separate report.

Double-blind, randomised, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, adaptive, seamless, dose-selecting study to compare the efficacy of APD421 to placebo as treatment of established PONV, in patients who have had prior PONV prophylaxis.

The investigators would like to compare the therapeutic and cost effectiveness of established therapies for postoperative nausea and vomiting to regional nerve blocks of the head and neck area an intervention known for analgesia but for which the antiemetic effects hasn't been entirely explored. The rational is based on the knowledge of the anatomical innervation of the inner ear and the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in the emetic act. A lot of focus has been given on its counterpart the sympathetic nervous system and its role in painful conditions. The investigators believe that the nerve blockade of the parasympathetic innervation can have some beneficial effect in the post-surgical patient.

This study compares the intraoperative opioid free anesthesia approach in laparoscopic bariatric surgery to a conventional opioid- based anesthesia. Half of participants will receive opioid free anesthesia with dexmedetomidine, lidocaine and ketamine while the other half will receive opioid based anesthesia with fentanyl, remi-fentanyl and ketamine

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and pain are the most common causes of Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) discharge delay, with untreated PONV occurring in 20-30% of post-surgical patients. The effect of guanfacine (GF) administration on pain and nausea scores will be assessed with two groups. One group will receive 1 mg of GF to take orally and the other group will receive a similar appearing placebo (containing no drug) to take orally.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a single preoperative high-dose steroid injection on complications in the immediate postoperative phase after breast cancer surgery, with removal of the breast (mastectomy). Primary outcome is the proportion patients who require transfer to the post anaesthesia care unit (PACU) and the proportion that can be transferred directly to the ward. Secondary outcomes are organospecific complications in the postanesthesia phase, pain and nausea the first 5 days, seroma and wound infection the first 14 days and readmissions the first 30 days after surgery. The investigators hypothesize that the frequency of transfer to the PACU and organospecific complications will be lower among patients receiving high dose dexamethasone. The investigators hypothesize, that there will be no difference in wound infections, seroma or readmissions.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women at worldwide. Even a minor breast surgery can cause significant postoperative pain (PP) (1). PP could be converted into chronic pain in 25-40% of cases. Inadequate PP control is associated with increased morbidity, delay in wound healing, prolonged hospital stay, increased opioid use, increased side effects and high cost of care. For these reasons, regional anesthetic techniques are recommended for effective PP management. Some of recent studies suggest that ultrasound-guided pectoral I (PI), pectoral II (PII) and serratus plan block (SPB) may be an alternative to thoracic epidural analgesia and paravertebral block applications because of the ease of administration, low side effect profile and adequate analgesia in breast surgery. (2,3).