Active clinical trials for "Pregnancy, Ectopic"

The aim of the present study was (i) to evaluate whether a single measurement of VEGF would allow us to distinguish between intrauterine pregnancy (normal and abnormal) and EP and (ii) to correlate the levels of VEGF with serum levels of progesterone and β-hCG in each subgroup. Ninety patients were selected from a population of women presenting to the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo Medical School from October 2006 until September 2007 and were divided in three subgroups: (i) abnormal (arrested) intrauterine pregnancy (defined as a gestational sac greater than 16 mm of mean diameter without fetal tissue or a embryo greater than 5 mm without embryo cardiac activity); (ii) tubal pregnancy (no evidence of intrauterine pregnancy, presence of a adnexal mass, suboptimal rise of serum hCG levels in 48 hours); all tubal pregnancies were surgically treated and were histologically confirmed, they did not receive any methotrexate treatment before operation; (iii) normal intrauterine pregnancy (intrauterine gestational sac, embryo vitality confirmed). Blood samples were collected by peripheral venous puncture before treatment; a total 15 mL of blood was withdrawn (2 mL for β-hCG, 3mL for progesterone, 10 mL for VEGF determinations). Blood samples for VEGF were collected in siliconized tubes and were allowed to coagulate at room temperature for 2-6 hours.

According to recent evidences, vitamin D was found to have important roles in female reproductive system, both in physiological and also pathological mechanisms. Since vitamin D is tightly related with calcium metabolism, both molecules were reported to be associated with some pregnancy complications including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, low birth weight, preterm delivery, and cesarean section rates. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the vitamin D levels in ectopic pregnancies, which may have clinical importance in the etiology of this disorder.

Traditionally, salpingectomy has been the standard procedure for managing ectopic pregnancy. We would like to evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic tubal preservation surgery in treating ectopic pregnancies (salpingostomy or salpingotomy) while preserving the fertility outcome of the patients, as well as to identify the factors predicting the presence of persistent ectopic pregnancy after the surgery.

The aim of this study is to determine plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor level and change in patient with ectopic pregnancy who needs to surgical treatment. Patient with ectopic pregnancy diagnosed and treated with medically or surgically will be included in the study. This is an observational study.The plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor level will be measured first day and two day after the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Although ectopic pregnancy was considered a leading cause of first-trimester maternal mortalities, current technological improvements allowed early diagnosis and opened a door for applying less invasive approaches. A tubal pregnancy could be managed either expectantly, medically, or surgically. The expectant management of ectopic pregnancy relies on the fact that a considerable proportion of ectopic gestations terminate by spontaneous tubal abortion. This approach is usually kept for stable cases with a small gestational sac and low beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-HCG) serum levels. For hemodynamically unstable patients, higher levels of beta-HCG, and larger gestational sacs, surgery is often considered as the treatment of choice (16). Considering this background, the study aims to analyze the subsequent natural reproductive outcomes of patients that had a previous tubal ectopic pregnancy and were managed either expectantly or surgically. Moreover, it amis to determine the factors that could influence the fertility potential of these patients in each treatment group.

Patients who have doubt for ectopic pregnancy will be enrolled for our study. These patients will be determined with using irregular increased human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-HCG) results and no embryo reported ultrasonography results. Plasma and cervical fluid samples will be taken from these patients and axonemal dynein heavy chain 5 and creatine kinase levels of samples will be compared between patients who have doubt for ectopic pregnancy and patients who have intrauterine pregnancy. Concentration of these proteins in samples will be evaluated. If any difference will be found between groups in favour of ectopic pregnancy, these results might be interpreted as these proteins useful for early detecting of the ectopic pregnancy.

This study evaluates the increased risk of ectopic pregnancy associated with marked variation of estradiol during the early luteal phase and high progesterone on hCG day in IVF.

The purpose of this study is to identify elements of a patient's demographics, history, and clinical presentation that may aid in differentiating between patients with an ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, or normal intrauterine pregnancy. This study will also evaluate serial levels of human chorionic gonadotropin in the serum of these patients, as another way to make the diagnosis.

Kisspeptins are a family of neuropeptides that are critical for the puberty initiation and female fertility. The investigators aimed to investigate in this study kisspeptin levels in early pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and early pregnancy loss.

Fallopian tubes participate in the incorporation of gametes and embryos into the endometrial cavity. It also provides an optimal environment for flattening and early embryonic development. Tubal pathologies can cause both primary and secondary infertility. This condition has been associated with overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. However, the effects of hypothyroidism on tubal activity are not fully known. Although a few animal experiment studies on this subject have been published, there is no study on this subject in the literature. Demonstrating that epithelial and smooth muscle cells of rat fallopian tubes express thyroid receptors in animal experiments showed that fallopian tubes are targets for thyroid hormones. Again, in an animal experiment study, it was revealed that thyroid hormones have an important control on glycogen and lipid storage, lipid signaling and lymphocyte infiltration, which have an important role in maintaining the microenvironment in the rat fallopian tubes. This microenvironment is necessary for fertilization, sperm capacitation and gamete development. In another animal experimental study, it was thought that changes in the size of the epithelium of the fallopian tubes and cell metabolism in hypothyroid rabbits may affect oviductal activity and reproductive functions. An ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy implanted outside of the uterus. Ectopic pregnancy >98% implants in the fallopian tube. The etiology of ectopic pregnancy is unclear, but tubal implantation is probably due to impaired embryo-tubal transport. This is due to changes in the tubal environment. Based on this information, we aim to determine the possible relationship between hypothyroidism and ectopic pregnancy in humans in our study.