Active clinical trials for "Preleukemia"

5-azacytidine treatment prolongs survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), but does not cure the disease. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a curative treatment option but is associated with a high risk treatment-related morbidity and mortality. In the current trial allogeneic stem cell transplantation will be compared to 5-azacytidine only treatment according to donor availability in elderly patients with MDS (55-70 years).

RATIONALE: Antiemetic drugs, such as aprepitant and ondansetron, may help lessen nausea and vomiting caused by opioids. It is not yet known whether aprepitant is more effective than ondansetron in treating nausea and vomiting caused by opioids in patients with cancer. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying aprepitant to see how well it works compared to ondansetron in treating nausea and vomiting caused by opioids in patients with cancer.

RATIONALE: Bone marrow transplantation may be able to replace immune cells that were destroyed by chemotherapy used to kill tumor cells. Sometimes the transplanted cells can make an immune response against the body's normal tissues. Treatment with sirolimus, methotrexate, and cyclosporine may prevent this from happening. PURPOSE: Phase I/II trial to study the effectiveness of sirolimus plus methotrexate and cyclosporine in preventing graft-versus-host disease in patients with hematologic malignancies who are receiving a bone marrow transplant.

This pilot clinical trial studies mechanical stimulation in preventing bone density loss in patients undergoing donor stem cell transplant. Mechanical stimulation may limit, prevent, or reverse bone loss, increase muscle and cardiac performance, and improve overall health

RATIONALE: Recombinant human mannose-binding lectin (MBL) may be effective in preventing infection in young patients with fever and neutropenia receiving chemotherapy for blood disease or cancer. PURPOSE: This phase I trial is studying the side effects and best dose of recombinant human mannose-binding lectin in treating young patients with MBL deficiency and fever and neutropenia.

RATIONALE: Antimicrobial solution comprising trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, edetate calcium disodium, and ethanol may help prevent blockages and infections from forming in patients with central venous access catheters or peripheral venous catheters. PURPOSE: This randomized trial is studying an antimicrobial solution or saline solution in maintaining catheter patency and preventing catheter-related blood infections in patients with malignancies.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop cancer cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Chemoprotective drugs, such as amifostine, may protect normal cells from the side effects of chemotherapy. PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of amifostine and high-dose combination chemotherapy in treating patients with acute myeloid leukemia or chronic myelogenous leukemia.

RATIONALE: OTI-010 may be effective for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis (prevention) in patients who are undergoing donor peripheral stem cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies (cancer of the blood or bone marrow). PURPOSE: This randomized phase II trial is studying how well OTI-010 works in preventing graft-versus-host disease in patients who are undergoing donor peripheral stem cell transplantation for hematologic cancer.

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness in the real-world setting among participants who are treated with Azacitidine in accordance with the China Product Label.

Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) have an ineffective hemopoiesis and often suffer from anemia. This can lead to red blood cell transfusion dependency and iron overload. Iron overload can affect the liver and lead to liver fibrosis and worst case cirrhosis. Ferritin is usually used to monitor the iron overload. In this study MDS patients will have a transient elastography performed which measures the liver's stiffness. The purpose is to investigate whether liver stiffness measurements are coherent to ferritin levels.