Active clinical trials for "Premature Birth"

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the effect of nursing care practices on the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) levels of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Materials and Method: This is a cross-sectional, analytical study. It was conducted over the period March 1 - April 26, 2019 in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Eskişehir Osmangazi University (ESOGU) Health Practices and Research Hospital. We did not calculate sample size, but included in the study, after the parents had been informed about the research, the entire universe of neonates in the NICU who matched the inclusion criteria during the period March 1 - April 26, 2019. The study was completed with 40 neonates. Data collection was performed with a "Descriptive Data Form," and a "Procedures Performed Chart." The data were evaluated with the IBM SPSS 24 package program.

Background: Maternal and child under-nutrition is the underlying cause of death for millions across the globe. Anemia during pregnancy is among the leading nutritional disorders with serious short and long term consequences to both the mother and fetus. Objective: Examine the effect of dietary diversity on maternal anemia, nutritional status and key pregnancy outcomes of pregnancy. Methods: A prospective cohort study design, involving a total of 432 eligible pregnant women, in their second antenatal care visit was conducted between August 2014 to March, 2015. The individual dietary diversity Score (IDDS) was used as the exposure variable to select, enroll and follow the mothers. Epi-data, SPSS and STATA software are used to enter and analyze the data. Chi-square test, independent 't'-test, and GLM are used to calculate risk, association and differences between key variables at P < 0.05

Urinary peroxides and plasma glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratio will be measured in preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestation before and 7 days after receiving either Light-protected (Group 1) or Light-exposed (Group 2) Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) solutions.

Poor oral motor development in preterm neonates is common. Feeding problems lead to longer hospital stay and higher hospital cost. Different interventions have shown their efficacy to accelerate transition and move faster to full oral feeding autonomy. Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of a 2-year education nurse program on feeding pattern and hospital stay of preterm neonates. This is an interrupted time series study placed in Intensive Care and Neonatal unit of an university hospital located in Lyon, France. All preterm neonates are included in the study, from April 2013 to January 2016.

This study will follow pregnant women who are taking indomethacin as Standard of Care (SOC) for the indications of preterm labor (PTL), short cervix, or other indications, to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK), what the body does to the drug, and pharmacodynamics (PD), effectiveness of the drug in treating the specific intended disease process of this medication. This will help us develop more information for medication dosing specific to pregnant women experiencing preterm labor. Indomethacin is often prescribed to pregnant women presenting with preterm labor or shortened cervix, which places them at risk for preterm labor and delivery. Indomethacin has been used since the 1970s to prolong pregnancy by decreasing uterine contractions. However, despite the widespread use of indomethacin in pregnancy, there is limited information available to help physicians determine how much indomethacin to prescribe and how often to prescribe it.

It it is hypothesized that the growth of preterm infants receiving a new human milk fortifier will be equal or superior to the growth of preterm infants receiving a currently marketed human milk fortifier with a lower protein content.

Children born prematurely are of greater risk of developing chronic lung disease (Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia). With an increase in the amount of premature children, we expect an increasing number of children with BPD. Today we do not have many ways of predicting or treating this condition, and the children are usually in hospital for several months after birth. Many are dismissed with home oxygen. Children with BPD are typically often re-submitted to hospital with respiratory disease the first couple of years, and some of them have problems throughout childhood and into adulthood. Other scientists have found a correlation between BPD and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The condition as well as the treatment (steroids), are associated with great risk of adverse effects as Cerebral Palsy, blindness, deafness and mental retardation. The investigators wish to find a safe way to identify the children in greater risk of developing BPD, who could therefore benefit from a more intensive treatment.An early diagnosis would increase the possibility of predicting the prognosis. Other studies have proven a connection between both low vitamin A and D and high exhaled nitrogen oxide (NO) with lung disease. With this trial the investigators wish to make a reference material for NO and vitamins A and D in infants admitted to the neonatal department at two hospitals in Denmark, both with and without treatment with nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. The investigators furthermore wish to describe an eventual connection between BPD and these factors by examining a large group of children on 7 specific occasions within the first two months of life and at a one year follow up.

This proposed investigation will test the following hypotheses: 1) Enzymatic activity of CYP2B6 characterized by the formation clearance of methadone to EDDP (CLf,EDDP), is directly related to both gestational and postnatal age; 2) variations in the CYP2B6 gene (SNPs) are associated with variable activity of the CYP2B6 enzyme (as measured by the formation clearance, CLf,EDDP), and 3) the elimination rate of methadone and its major metabolite EDDP in neonates is dependent on the glomerular filtration rate and therefore on the stage of development (defined by both gestational and postnatal age). The investigators propose to develop a PK model for methadone dosing in neonates that takes into account both developmental stage and genetic variability. The long-term goal of the proposed investigations is to improve dosing of methadone in neonates exposed to opioids in utero or post-natally, leading to improved control of their withdrawal syndrome and decreased adverse drug reactions associated with the current use of methadone in these vulnerable patients. More immediately, the investigators will develop a PK model for methadone dosing based on relevant developmental and genetic characteristics. The acquired knowledge based on the proposed study will lead to a more efficacious treatment of pain or opiate withdrawal syndrome in newborn infants with a decreased chance of adverse drug reactions.

This study looks at the effects of a mother's genes and other characteristics (mother's age, baby's age, race, and other diseases) on the ability of nifedipine to end contractions and prevent an early delivery. This information will be used to decide what amount of nifedipine women need to best treat preterm contractions.

We hypothesis a period of early NCPAP before surfactant treatment is effective for treating RDS and preventing BPD in very premature infants.