Active clinical trials for "Prostatic Neoplasms"

In Europe, prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common solid neoplasm, with an incidence rate of 214 cases per 1000 men, outnumbering lung and colorectal cancer. Early detection tests have been developed in order to identify PCa while it is still confined to the prostate gland. The two most commonly used tests are digital rectal examination and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level: however, most of cases is detected in the so called T1c stage, i.e. for PSA increasing only. As marker, PSA is organ-specific but not cancer-specific, and its levels may change as result of physical activity, sexual activity, in the presence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), acute and chronic prostatitis, as well as in the presence of PCa. A total serum PSA of 4.0 ng/ml has traditionally been used as threshold for considering prostate biopsy and large programs for the early detection of prostate cancer have shown that almost 70% of cancer cases can be detected using a PSA cutoff of 4.0 ng/ml. However, using a PSA threshold of 4.0 ng/ml 20% to 25% of prostate cancer cases are not detected (false-negative) and the false-positive rate is 65%. To improve the usefulness of PSA for identifying patients who require biopsy, the PSA threshold has been lowered at 2 ng/ml; moreover, the levels of free and bound PSA have been assessed, together with PSA density (the rate of PSA over the prostate volume) and PSA velocity (the rate of PSA increase), which seem to have some validity for detecting prostate cancer. Recent studies have shown that other new biomarkers could be used in the diagnosis of early prostate cancer as they showed a higher sensitivity and specificity. In the last two years, several investigators showed that PSA isoform [-2] proPSA (p2PSA) and its derivatives, namely, percentage of p2PSA to free PSA (%p2PSA) and the Prostate Health Index [PHI; (p2PSA / free PSA) × √tPSA)] improve the accuracy of total PSA (tPSA) and percentage of free PSA (%fPSA) in predicting the presence of PCa at prostate biopsy and they are also related to PCa aggressiveness at biopsy. The aim of this study is to confirm the diagnostic and prognostic predictive value of prostate-specific antigen isoform p2psa and its derivates, %p2psa and prostate health index in the detection of prostate cancer in patients with a PSA 2-10 ng/ml and/or suspicious DRE.

RATIONALE: Studying samples of blood or tumor tissue from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors identify and learn more about biomarkers related to cancer. PURPOSE: This clinical trial studies prostate-specific antigen (PSA) antibody levels in samples from patients treated for prostate cancer on trial ECOG-E9802.

The aim of the randomized controlled double-blind crossover trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of two dietary supplements containing polyphenolic phytochemicals (isoflavonoid genistein and flavonoid quercetin) in comparison with placebo on the rate of increase in prostate-specific antigen (PSA). In addition, secondary objective is to evaluate the incidence of prostate cancer and to analyze malondialdehyde and protein carbonyle as indicators of the oxidative status.

RATIONALE: Studying samples of blood from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in DNA and identify biomarkers related to cancer. It may also help doctors predict how patients will respond to treatment. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying blood samples in predicting how patients with prostate cancer will respond to treatment with docetaxel.

The purpose of this study is to assess whether there is any interaction between statins, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and dutasteride on protection from prostate cancer, the development of high grade prostate cancer, or lower urinary tract symptoms.

The purpose of this exploratory data collection is to strengthen our knowledge of some of the rarer distresses following surgical removal of the prostate. In general these are: Side effects related to sexuality, including: Altered perception of orgasm, Orgasm associated pain, Penile shortening and deformity. Side effects related to urinary incontinence. Urinary tract infection after operation. Influence of distress on sexual quality of life. Influence of distress on the patient´s sex drive. In addition information on a range of demographics and information on the patient´s erectile function will be collected.

Men with elevated prostate specific antigen bloodtest and prior negative prostate biopsy have a 30-60% of harboring occult prostate cancer. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is an imaging test that may improve prostate cancer detection rates in this population of men. In this prospective randomized trial multicenter trial the investigators will assess the detection rates of prostate cancer diagnosis of systematic biopsy compared with the addition of either a computer targeted system (UroNav - InVivo corp) to sample suspicious areas identified on mpMRI versus the detection rate mpMRI guided freehand biopsy (cognitive fusion biopsy). The hypothesis being tested is that computerized fusion guided biopsy (UroNav) will increase detection prostate cancer compared to cognitive biopsy of these areas and systematic biopsy alone.

Document treatment patterns and evaluate LUCRIN / LUCRIN-TRIDEPOT® (Leuprolide) and alternative therapeutic approaches to the treatment of advanced prostate cancer during normal clinical practice and in accordance with the terms of the Belgian marketing authorization and reimbursement conditions.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate semen for changes following treatment with proton radiation therapy.

Bone is the most common site of metastases in prostate cancer and bone complications cause substantial morbidity to this population. Phase III studies have shown that zoledronic acid is effective in decreasing the morbidity associated with bone metastases. Zoledronic acid (ZA) is generally well tolerated but may have side effects such as hypocalcemia, renal impairment and osteonecrosis of the jaw. Administration of ZA as infrequently as once yearly is sufficient to prevent osteopenia or osteoporosis. The optimal treatment interval is unknown, but the drug is often empirically administered every 3-4 weeks. The cost of such treatment is high, and the risk of exposing patients (especially those at low risk) to potential serious side effects with uncertain benefit warrants investigation. This study will determine the duration of suppression of bone turnover in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases following a single infusion of Zoledronic Acid and its effect on quality of life.