Active clinical trials for "Prostatic Neoplasms"

Using multiparametric MRI Ultrasound-guided or MRI-guided biopsies will allow more accurate sampling of the tumors and therefore will increase the rate of "progression" on early (first and second) surveillance biopsies and decrease the rate of "progression" on late (third and further) surveillance biopsies compared to Transrectal Ultrasound-guided biopsies. Quality of life (QoL) will be similar in patients undergoing MRI Ultrasound or MRI-guided and Transrectal Ultrasound-guided biopsies. Biomarker expression levels will correlate with biopsy progression.

Right now it is not possible to predict which patients are going to react more to RT. Many things could affect patient's response to radiation. One of the factors is whether the person can repair damage to the genetic material (DNA/RNA) caused by the RT. There is some evidence that a certain protein called Gamma H2AX is involved in DNA damage and repair and this can be used to predict the sensitivity of individual patients. The investigators will be studying this protein: Gamma H2AX) in the blood samples of prostate cancer patients exposed to both computed tomography (CT) scan and RT treatment. This will help us to understand why different individuals show differences in side effects following RT.

This is a single arm, open label study of up to 20 patients with prostate cancer scheduled for prostatectomy at the NIH Clinical Center. 123I-MIP-1072 image data will be evaluated for visible uptake and compared with histopathology.

This research trial studies biomarkers in bone marrow and blood samples from patients with prostate cancer treated with ketoconazole. Studying samples of bone marrow and blood from patients with prostate cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and identify biomarkers related to cancer.

Prostate Cancer is the most common cancer in men, affecting about as many men as women diagnosed with breast cancer, and killing about as many men per year as breast cancer kills women. The most common surgical treatment is prostatectomy, the removal of the prostate. During prostate surgery, tumor remains at the edge of the surgery, called residual tumor, in 30% of all prostatectomies. Such patients have a significantly higher risk of local recurrence of the cancer, and higher rates of death. In contrast, even patients with cancer outside of the prostate, but still nearby the prostate, do better when the margins are made clean of tumor during surgery. The investigators propose to reduce the number of patients with residual tumor after surgery. The investigators will test in patients a fluorescent molecule that allows cancer to be detected during surgery. If this trial works as designed, the investigators will reduce the number of patients who have to receive additional treatment, such as high doses of radiation to the lower abdomen, because the amount of residual tumor left behind has been minimized. This may also lead to higher rates of survival. This type of detection of cancer the investigators employ is called Molecular imaging. The investigators believe that molecular imaging will be the key to improved diagnosis, individualized treatment selection, and treatment monitoring. If successful, a large human trial will be conducted after this study with a corporate imaging partner.

RATIONALE: Gathering information about symptom management from patients with localized prostate cancer may help doctors improve patients' quality of life. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying symptom management in African-American men with localized prostate cancer.

Patient anatomy and position during the course of radiation therapy can vary from those used for treatment planning; a function of patient movement, uncertainty in positioning system, and organ motion. Traditionally, treatment margins are designed to compensate for interfraction prostate setup variability. This approach has the potential to lower the overall effectiveness of treatment because the prostate gland is a continuously moving target whose motion cannot be accurately accounted for solely on the basis of interfraction movement. More recently, the dosimetric relevance of intra-fraction prostate motion has been recognized, and may be compensated for by continuous real-time adaptive radiation therapy afforded by the Calypso 4D Localization System™. In the current study, the investigators propose to characterize intrafraction prostate motion. The investigators hypothesize that intrafraction prostate motion is correlated with respiratory motion.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of abiraterone acetate in Indian participants with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer who have been prescribed abiraterone acetate as per locally approved prescribing information.

The proposed prospective study aims to determine whether interpretation of PSA levels in morbidly obese men require correction due to the obesity itself. If PSA levels are found to rise after weight loss, interpretation of PSA levels in morbidly obese men may be improved by upward correction of the PSA level. A 'correction factor' may be proposed for the interpretation of PSA levels in obese men, toward the clinical decision regarding indication for prostate biopsy.

Our objective is to evaluate the clinical outcomes for the anatomic radical perineal prostatectomy (RPP) for the surgical management of prostate cancer. We will report the perioperative, oncologic, and functional outcomes in patients undergoing the radical perineal prostatectomy at our institution.