Active clinical trials for "Prostatic Neoplasms"

This is a Long Term Follow Up study to eRADicAte, an open label study designed to examine the effects of Radium Ra 223 dichloride with concurrent administration of Abiraterone Acetate plus Prednisone Castrate-Resistant (Hormone-Refractory) Prostate Cancer subjects with symptomatic bone metastasis.

The investigators plan to perform multi-omics technologies, including genomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic and proteomic methods, in patients with metastatic prostate cancer, aiming at uncovering the mechanism of the tumor progression, identifying distinct tumor subtypes and finding new treatment targets.

This study would explore the safety and feasibility of a reversible induction strategy for uncertain difficult airway. This reversible induction strategy would include high flow nasal canular oxygenation support, short-term effect anesthetic including Propofol and Remifentanil for sedation and analgesia and Sugammadex would be used for reverse the muscle relaxant.

The aims of the study are: to identify genetic and molecular factors (rare mutations, polymorphisms) involved in the natural history of prostate cancers and their response to treatment, to evaluate and deduce their medical applications for screening and therapeutic management of these tumors.

One of the biggest problems facing prostate cancer patients and their treating physicians is who needs to be treated and when. Common clinical and pathological parameters are useful (PSA, Gleason score, etc.) but do not clearly predict who will benefit from treatment and who will fail. Genetic markers for tumor aggressivity would be of greater value. The finding that the TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion is associated with an increase risk of cancer progression is important. TMPRSS2 is controlled by androgen (testosterone) and ERG is part of a family of proteins which have a role in controlling cell growth, cell specialization and producing tumors. As a consequence of this gene fusion, production of the ERG protein increases in the presence of testosterone and could be key to the development of prostate cancer, resistance to treatment and poor outcome. The PTEN gene is known to have a role as a tumor suppressor. Its deletion is a contributing factor in the development of prostate cancers and poor outcome. The coexistence of the two markers could be associated with a higher risk of recurrence. To date there have been no studies regarding the presence of either of these two markers or their coexistence in high risk prostate cancer patients who, despite radiation therapy and androgen suppression, develop biochemical failure (their PSA levels rise once again). Patients participating in the PCS IV study (high risk prostate cancer treated with radiation therapy plus either 18 or 36 months of hormonal suppression) who have had biochemical failure or 3 years of follow-up post hormonal therapy will be approached. Tumor blocks from consenting patients will be collected and analyzed for the presence of the TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion and the PTEN deletion at the Pathology Department of the Jewish General Hospital. Statistical analysis will be carried out to see whether either or both markers are present, whether they are associated with certain clinical and pathological high risk factors, and whether they can be used to predict which patients will fail treatment.

Choline is one of the components of phosphatidylcholine, an essential element of phospholipids in the cell membrane. Some malignant cells show their ability to actively incorporate choline to produce phosphocholine and phosphatidylcholine to facilitate tumor cell duplication. The efficacy of 18F-fluorocholine (18F-FCH) for localizing primary or metastatic prostate cancer has been recently reported in limited studies. This study will be conducted to delineate the effectiveness of 18F-FCH PET in (1) differentiating benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) from prostate cancer, (2) staging prostate cancer, (3) following-up patients with prostate cancer after initial curative therapy.

Kidney transplantation is considered the standard of care for patients with end-stage kidney disease under chronic dialysis treatment. Today, modern surgical techniques have dramatically improved the quality of life and the overall survival of renal transplant recipients (RTRs) . Besides, the use of novel immunosuppressors have increased the 1-year graft survival rate and decreased acute rejection rate . Unfortunately, several transplantation-related diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease and infection may affect the survival of renal transplant recipients. It has been estimated that RTRs are 2- to 5- fold more likely to develop cancer compared to the general population. Therefore, the development of cancer has become a major concern as it is currently one of the main causes of death in RTRs. The increasing incidence of post-transplant malignancies is generally attributed to immunosuppression which leads to impaired immunosurveillance of cancer cells and virals infections capable of cancer development. Additionally, it has been observed a direct and specific pro-oncogenic effect on RTRs of immunosuppressive drugs and other immunosuppression-independent factors such as the increased age of RTRs, the male gender and the pre-transplant dialysis duration . Prostate cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer in men and the most common non-skin solid neoplasm in RTRs. Generally, the vast majority of post kidney transplantation prostate cancers are localised; however, due to the lack of randomized studies, no specific guidelines for the management of localized prostate cancer are available and, consequently, RTR patients are being treated with surgery or radiotherapy according to national or local guidelines. The concomitant use of immunosuppressors and the presence of the kidney graft in the pelvic cavity make the treatment of localised prostate cancer post kidney transplantation more challenging, highlighting the need for these patients to be addressed to urological oncology centres with surgeons familiar with oncological and transplant surgery. Prostate cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer in men and the most common non-skin solid neoplasm in RTRs, however, little studies describe the real incidence of prostate cancer in RTRs. The aim of this study is to retrospectively review a 25-year experience at the Florence Transplant Center in order to evaluate the incidence of prostate cancer and its possible clinical/pathological factors able to influence the survival.

Can tumor cells and tumor DNA be sampled from blood samples from prostate cancer patients? Is it possible to understand the causal relationship between the occurrence of the tumor cells and the tumor DNA in the blood by reviewing the patient's medical records, including information about investigations, analytical reports or diagnoses? Can gene defects that may be useful in predicting the best treatment be detected by sequencing individual tumor cells or plasma from blood samples?

In prostate cancer bone is the most common site for cancer spread, causing pain, fractures, nerve compression and death. New therapies are available for treating bone disease from cancer and this means that by maintaining patients on drugs that are effective and switching patients to other drugs when current treatment becomes ineffective, patients can be maintained 'better for longer'. However, to do this, it is necessary to accurately tell whether a given treatment is working or not. In this study, the investigators will perform whole body MRI scans, which include a special scan called diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI MRI) that can provide more information about the participants extent of disease. The investigators aim to show that this test is better than the standard tests of CT and bone scan currently used in the NHS to monitor bone disease. The information from this study will be used to test a special software so that the test may more widely benefit patients across the NHS in the future.

This is a prospective observational cohort study of patients with prostate cancer who have a metabolic syndrome. The study aims to evaluate the role of intermittent fasting (fasting mimicking diet) in these patients. The primary end point is metabolic health and the secondary endpoint is quality of life.