Active clinical trials for "Mental Disorders"

This study will test whether 42 days of cannabis abstinence, compared to continued cannabis use, is associated with improvements in cognition and psychiatric disorder symptoms. Identical twins, who are concordant on cannabis use, will be experimentally-manipulated to be discordant for 42 days. Each twin, within a twin pair, will be randomly assigned to either the contingency management condition, incentive-based protocol to promote cannabis abstinence, or control condition, no changes in cannabis use requested.

Forcibly displaced adolescents face increased risks for mental illness and distress, with adolescent girls disproportionately affected in part due to the heightened gender inequity that often accompanies forced displacement. Although the family unit has the potential to prevent mental illness and promote healthy development in adolescents, few family interventions have employed a gender transformative approach or included male siblings in an effort to maximize benefits for adolescent girls. Therefore, the investigators propose to assess an innovative whole-family and gender transformative intervention-Sibling Support for Adolescent Girls in Emergencies (SSAGE)-to prevent mental health disorders among adolescent girls in Colombia who were recently and forcibly displaced from Venezuela. The proposed R34 study will adapt the SSAGE curriculum through human-centered design with a range of stakeholders, including Venezuelan refugees, Colombian returnees and relevant civil society organizations. The proposed study will then employ a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation pilot randomized control trial (RCT) to test the program's effectiveness and mechanistic pathways as well as to explore determinants of implementation in order to establish the feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity of SSAGE. To address these aims, the investigators will enroll 180 recently arrived, forcibly displaced adolescent girls in an RCT and examine the program's effectiveness on the prevention of mental illness (through reduction in anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, and somatization symptoms) one-month post-intervention. The investigators will use contextually adapted and piloted measures to collect additional data on the hypothesized mechanistic pathways, including family attachment, gender equitable family functioning, self-esteem, and coping strategies. The implementation evaluation will employ mixed methods to assess the program's feasibility, acceptability, fidelity and barriers and facilitators to successful implementation. Potential findings can support humanitarian program implementation, as well as inform policy to support adolescent girls' mental health and to prevent the myriad disorders that can arise as a result of exposure to displacement, conflict, and inequitable gender norms in their households and communities.

Despite international efforts to identify biomarkers of depression, none has been transferred to clinical practice, neither for diagnosis, evolution, nor therapeutic response. This led us to build a French national cohort (through the clinical and research network named SoPsy within the French biological psychiatry society (AFPBN) and sleep society (SFRMS)), to better identify markers of sleep and biological rhythms and validate more homogeneous subgroups of patients, but also to specify the manifestations and pathogeneses of depressive disorders.

This project is aimed at advancing neuropsychological diagnostics, enriching and modernizing the panorama of both clinical and forensic psychometric testing. The rapid socio-demographic changes, the developments of neuropsychological semiotics and nosography, as well as the growing applicative specialization of neuropsychological assessment make it necessary to introduce further tools to satisfy the diagnostic requests in clinical contexts and more recently in the forensic field (i.e., tests to be administered remotely; bedside screeners; domain-specific in-depth tests; tools for assessing testamentary capacity). Specifically, the present study aims to: a) develop, calibrate and evaluate the psychometric properties of I and II level clinical and/or forensic neuropsychological tests evaluating instrumental and non-instrumental functions in a sample of neurologically healthy individuals representative of the Italian population ; b) evaluate the cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical usability of the aforementioned tests in clinical samples (patients with neurological and neuropsychiatric pathologies of different etiology).

Our study aims to lay the basis for a predictive modeling service for postoperative complications and prolonged hospital stay in patients suffering from psychiatric diseases undergoing colorectal surgery. Furthermore, we aim to investigate the impact of preoperative Risk factors, psychiatric and psychosomatic diseases on the outcomes of colorectal surgery and the complications after colorectal surgeries like anastomosis insufficiency via predictive modeling techniques The service mentioned above will be publicly available as a web-based application

REM sleep behavior disorder is a novel and distinct parasomnia characterized by recurrent dream enactment behaviors (DEBs) and polysomnographic features of REM sleep without atonia (RSWA), with typical onset age at early 60's. Idiopathic RBD (iRBD) has been suggested as a most specific precursor of α-synucleinopathy-related neurodegeneration (e.g. Parkinson's disease (PD)). There are increasing reports of positive familial cases in both iRBD and PD. In the past few years, the investigators have established the baseline data of a case-control family cohort of iRBD (208 first-degree relatives (FDR) of patients with iRBD and 204 FDRs of controls). Not only did the investigators confirm the familial aggregation of iRBD with neurodegeneration and iRBD cases, the investigator also found that the FDRs harbored a spectrum of isolated RBD features (including DEBs, REM- sleep behavioral events, and RSWA). Besides, when compared with control-FDRs, iRBD-FDRs patients showed more prodromal markers of neurodegeneration (including possible/probable RBD, excessive daytime sleepiness, constipation, and subthreshold parkinsonism) as suggested by the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) research criteria. The promising baseline findings paved the way for the current proposed prospective study of this unique family cohort. In addition, around 85 unaffected FDRs from each group has repeated the assessments at a mean follow-up duration of about 4 years (early termination of the study supported by RGC- ECS Ref no. 24117018; reason for early termination - ECS PI applicant left the University at early 2020), the preliminary data indicated a persistent familial aggregation of RBD symptoms, loading of prodromal markers (e.g. possible RBD, subthreshold parkinsonism), and a seemingly faster progression into prodromal RBD among the FDRs of iRBD than that of control. This current proposed study is a prospective study with a mean of 7-year follow-up interval to monitor the progression of α- synucleinopathy neurodegeneration and related markers. With the rolling recruitment, the investigators now have 230 control-FDRs and 250 iRBD-FDRs, from which the investigators expect 200 FDRs of each group may respond to the follow-up study. A series of prodromal markers related to neurodegeneration including clinical and sleep assessment (e.g. autonomic symptoms, motor signs, neurocognitive function, sleepiness, vPSG and one-week actigraphy) that were measured at baseline will be reassessed. Specifically, home PSG with a body-movement monitoring system will be additionally implemented in the proposed study to empower the identification of RBD features, especially during the COVID pandemic period at which hospital accessibility is restricted. In addition, the development of clinical neurodegenerative diseases will be ascertained. This proposed study, by recruiting FDRs of iRBD patients (and controls) with prospective study design, will provide novel and important information on the progression of prodromal makers of α-synucleinopathy neurodegenerative diseases in a high-risk population and facilitate further genetic/omics and future neuroprotective intervention study of the familial iRBD.

The purpose of this study is to compare life quality of patients taking care by DIAPASON 92 with patients or residents from control group EHPAD (retirement home)

Subtle speech disorganization could be predictive of a transition to schizophrenia of ultra-high-risk patients. The aim of our longitudinal multicenter cohort study is to identify specific linguistic markers of the psychotic transition to validate a french predictive model of this transition using computerized speech analysis techniques

The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of a protocol in which individuals with comorbid depression or anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorder will be randomized to complete Amplification of Positivity for Alcohol Use Disorder (AMP-A)- a psychological treatment focused on increasing positive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors- or a traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention. Assessed outcomes will include participant acceptability and completion rates, participant compliance with the intervention, positive and negative affect, substance use- and depression and anxiety-related symptom severity, and functional disability.

This ClincialTrials.gov record originally corresponded to the protocol approved under IRB # 202370. The study was expanded to include stimulation and recordings approved under new IRB #211037. The participant data originally acquired from IRB# 202370 will be included in this new record: This study seeks to better understand the neural activity underlying neuro cognitive disorders. Resting state local field potential recordings will be collected from medically refractory epilepsy patients implanted with depth electrodes for seizure localization, and metrics of neural activity will be correlated with psychiatric symptoms as measured from questionnaires. Subjects will also participate in neuro cognitive tasks while neural recordings are performed, and/or receive neural stimulation through implanted depth electrodes. A better understanding of disordered neural activity underlying neuropsychiatric disorders may additionally contribute to novel methods for diagnosing, treating, and preventing these diseases.