Active clinical trials for "Lung Diseases"

The purpose of this study is to determine if long-term administration of a macrolide antibiotic will reduce worsening of symptoms among individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Although cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common, life-threatening autosomal recessive genetic disorder of the white population, there are often delays in diagnosis and hence start of treatment. Advances of the past two decades have made CF screening feasible using routinely collected neonatal blood specimens and measuring an enzyme level followed by CF mutation DNA analysis. Our overall goal of the study is to see if early diagnosis of CF through neonatal screening will be medically beneficial without major risks. ''Medically beneficial'' refers to better nutrition and/or pulmonary status, whereas '' risks'' include laboratory errors, miscommunication or misunderstanding, and adverse psychosocial consequences. Specific aims include assessment of the benefits, risks, costs, quality of life, and cognitive function associated with CF neonatal screening and a better understanding of the epidemiology of CF. A comprehensive, randomized clinical trial emphasizing early diagnosis as the key variable has been underway since 1985. Nutritional status has been assessed using height and weight measurements and biochemical methods. The results have demonstrated significant benefits in the screened (early diagnosis) group. We are now focusing on the effect of early diagnosis of CF on pulmonary outcome. Pulmonary status is measured using chest radiographs, chest scans using high resolution computerized tomography, and pulmonary function tests. Other factors that we are looking at include risk factors for the acquisition of respiratory pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, quality of life and cognitive function of children with CF who underwent early versus delayed diagnosis, as well as the cost effectiveness of screening and the costs of diagnosis and treatment of CF throughout childhood. If the questions underlying this study are answered favorably, it is likely that neonatal screening using a combination of enzyme level (immunoreactive trypsinogen) and DNA test will become the routine method for identifying new cases of CF not only in the State of Wisconsin, but throughout the country.

To determine whether or not inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) safely decreases the incidence of chronic lung disease (CLD) in premature infants.

To test whether supplementation with selenium and/or vitamin E affects pulmonary function.

To test the hypothesis that low-dose inhaled nitric oxide administered to preterm infants who continue to require mechanical ventilation at 14 days of age will reduce the incidence of chronic lung disease.

Study Description: The primary goal of this proposal is to use preemptive pulmonary imaging, biomarker measurement with surveillance bronchoscopy to improve the early detection of inflammatory injury after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). These data may provide early identification of patients at risk for infectious and noninfectious lung diseases and accelerate the development of targeted therapies. Objectives: Primary Objective: To use preemptive assessments with sequential chest imaging and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) measures to provide earlier identification of lung injury due to infection or alloreactive lung syndromes associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Secondary Objectives: To use high density proteomic, transcriptomic and metagenomic analysis of specimens from the lung and blood to define mechanisms of altered lung function associated with HSCT. Endpoints: Primary Endpoint: To assess whether surveillance chest tomography and bronchoscopy with lavage detects incipient lung infection and noninfectious lung injury prior to and following HSCT Secondary Endpoints: To determine if biomarkers from surveillance proteomic, transcriptomic or metagenomic analysis will provide early identification of lung injury prior to the development chronic progressive and irreversible lung disease...

To establish a simplified approach for assessment of severity of interstitial lung disease by evaluating the relationship between HRCT findings, the clinical severity score,spirometry and quality of life.

This study is to build a microbiome cohort by collecting sputum and fecal samples every few months for three years from healthy smokers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The aim of this study is to analyze the composition of microbiome of various samples (e.g. sputum, feces) and describe the difference between healthy smokers and COPD patients.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease, causing disabling respiratory symptoms and impairing patients' quality of life. Currently one of the leading causes of death worldwide, COPD is a major socio-economic concern. It is also accompanied by extremely frequent extra-respiratory manifestations (or co-morbidities). Among these secondary manifestations, the equilibrium of these patients is subject to modifications: thus, numerous studies have shown that the equilibrium of COPD patients was altered compared to healthy age-matched subjects. This alteration is associated with a greater functional limitation and a higher risk of falling. Although this impairment has been demonstrated clinically, the balance of these patients has never been analysed using quantified movement analysis tools during tasks similar to those performed in daily life. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown and the possible associations with several clinical factors of interest (pain, dyspnea, muscle function...) have not yet been assessed. The hypotheses of this project are that (1) the postural control of COPD patients is altered compared to healthy subjects during tasks of daily living and these changes can be characterised. (2) Several clinical factors are associated with these changes.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) in the setting of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis(IPF)is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in the peri-lung transplant(LT) setting. Currently there is no significant data to support the use of pulmonary vasodilators for PAH in the setting of interstitial lung disease such as IPF. The majority of IPF patients have PAH either at rest or during exercise. The study hypothesis is that sildenafil may improve morbidity and mortality in the peri-LT setting in both IPF cohorts with either resting or exercise PAH.