Active clinical trials for "Lung Diseases"

Airway dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in smoke-related lung diseases. In this study, the researchers investigate the effects of fluticasone and salmeterol on human airway DCs in smokers. The researchers hypothesize that fluticasone and salmeterol impact on the number and the characteristics of airway DCs in smokers.

Background Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients develop leg weakness and a reduced walking capacity, due to reduced leg muscle oxygen-utilising capacity (OUC). Animal experiments indicate that low muscle levels of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR) cause the reduced muscle OUC. Aims In COPD patients, investigate whether: reduced muscle PPAR levels cause reduced leg muscle OUC, by investigating a correlation between these in muscle samples (Study 1). training increases muscle PPAR levels in proportion to increases in OUC, as should occur if PPARs control OUC (Study 2). muscle PPAR levels and walking capacity correlate (Study 1 and 2). 3. the new technique of repetitive stimulation of the nerve to the leg with a magnet (rMS) improves muscle OUC (Study 2). Study 1 Leg weakness and walking ability are assessed in 75 patients, then a leg muscle sample is taken to measure PPARs and OUC. Study 2 60 Study 1 patients have either cardiovascular training, rMS, or no training, for 8 weeks, then are re-studied as in Study 1. Importance If reduced PPAR levels correspond with leg weakness, medicines can be developed to target these receptors and treat weakness. If rMS is effective, it can be offered to patients.

NAVA used the electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi) to initiate and deliver in proportion of an inspiratory assistance. During inspiration, EAdi signal occurred earlier than airflow or pressure variations in the airway. The investigators hypothesized that NAVA improved patient-ventilator synchrony and reduced inspiratory workload as compared with pressure support ventilation delivered at two different cycling criteria (25 and 50 %).

The purpose of this study is to assess the tolerability (effect of drug on body) and pharmacokinetics (effect of body on drug) of AZD9668 in patients with mild to moderate COPD

To test the compliance, tolerance, safety and to get preliminary insights into the efficacy of a new oral nutritional supplement (containing n-3 fatty acids, amino acids and antioxidants) designed to prevent or delay cachexia and anorexia in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by non-reversible bronchial obstruction associated with systemic disorders and comorbid factors. Dyspnoea is a common symptom among patients with Chronic Obstructive pulmonary Disease (COPD). Dyspnea is the primary symptom limiting exercise and daily activities in these patients. It has been reported that breathing cold air could decrease dyspnoea induced by exercise and could improve exercise performance. The aim of this study is to carry out the effect of cooling sensation induced by menthol chewing-gum on dyspnoea and exercise performance among patients with COPD.

Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are the most common complication following thoracic surgery. PPCs are associated with prolonged hospital stay, increased morbidity, mortality, ICU admission, and healthcare costs (Azhar, 2015). Current preoperative optimization in this patient group includes smoking cessation and management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with inhaled bronchodilators and inhaled steroids as indicated. There have been studies using preoperative incentive spirometry in patients undergoing laparotomy with conflicting results, but scant data on its use in patients undergoing one-lung ventilation (Tyson, et al., 2015; Cattano, et al., 2010). A study from 2013 investigated the effectiveness of incentive spirometry in patients following thoracotomy and found conflicting results, without significant improvement in lung function or reduction in PPCs, but a larger difference in frequency of PPC was noted, indicating possible benefit to intervention and a need for further study (Agostini, et al., 2013). Volume-based incentive spirometry pre- and postoperatively has also been found to improve pulmonary function and diaphragm excursion in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery (Alaparthi, et al., 2016). Patients customarily receive an incentive spirometer for use postoperatively in the PACU. There is scant data in the thoracic surgery population concerning prehabilitation by dispensing the incentive spirometer at the PACT evaluation.

The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a home-based exercise training program in COPD patients who did not participate in an inpatient or outpatient rehabilitation program within the last 2 years.

This study aims to investigate the effect of education and tele-consultancy intervention based on Watson's Human Care Theory on self-efficacy and quality of life of individuals with COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by obstruction to pulmonary airflow and dyspnea. These characteristics are a consequence of exposure to harmful gases and particles that lead to oxidative stress in the lungs together with an exaggerated inflammatory response. In addition to respiratory impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has systemic manifestations, nutritional alterations, and exercise limitation. Pulmonary rehabilitation is one of the most effective interventions in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with one goal being to improve patient capacity. Whey protein supplementation, concomitant with physical activity for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aims to stimulate protein synthesis and decrease muscle catabolism that may be caused by exercise. The investigators aimed to evaluate the effects of whey protein supplementation supplementation on the physical capacity, body composition and tissue functionality of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a pulmonary rehabilitation program.