Active clinical trials for "Lung Diseases"

To identify what happened to specific groups of newborns after surfactant was introduced to the market. Were the same benefits with regard to morbidity, mortality, and resource use in evidence post treatment investigational new drug (IND)?

To identify gene variants in human chromosome 5Q31-33 that may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma.

To assess the population burden of occupational exposures in the prevalence and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

To design, develop, implement, and test the effectiveness of a three component health services and health education intervention for primarily Hispanic inner-city elementary school students at high risk for asthma morbidity and mortality.

Frailty in lung transplant candidates increases the risk of delisting and adverse transplantation outcome [1]. Furthermore, preoperative frailty is associated with a higher one-year-mortality rate after transplantation in frail compared to non-frail candidates. Mortality increases with severity of frailty [2,3]. Decreasing the frailty-status of a LTx-candidate is therefore an approach to improve the pre- and also posttransplant situation. There is some evidence that frailty in LTx-candidates can be decreased by a homebased Rehabilitation [5]. However, at the moment these possible benefits are unknown for an inpatient rehabilitation. Therefore the aim of this study is to observe the effect of a three-week inpatient rehabilitation on frailty in lung transplant candidates.

This study is designed to enhance the understanding of the possible health effects of e-cigarette use by relating the acute and long-term use of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes ("products") to well-validated cardiovascular and pulmonary disease biomarkers. Participants will be enrolled in 3 groups: exclusive e-cigarette users, exclusive cigarette smokers, and a control group of never-users. Participants can expect up to 4 weeks of study participation.

Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and scleroderma who develop pulmonary hypertension (PH) do not fit well into the current classification system and treatments for pulmonary hypertension. This study aims to better understand patients with ILD-PH and scleroderma and to determine if treatment with Macitentan is beneficial.

Despite the high burden of respiratory symptoms in the HIV+ population, causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in individuals with HIV are poorly understood. Microbial communities present in the lungs or gut could play an important role in COPD via their ability to stimulate inflammation and oxidative stress and by the interactions of microbial and host gene transcription. By exploring the impact of the structure and function of microbial communities on the host in HIV-associated COPD, this project could lead to discovery of novel therapeutics to treat and prevent COPD. Subjects will be 20 HIV+ individuals with COPD (FEV1/FVC <0.70 and FEV1 and DLco<80% predicted) and 20 HIV+ individuals with normal lung function (controls) and 10 HIV negative individuals recruited from our ongoing cohorts. Controls will be matched to the individuals with COPD based on age, gender, pack-years of smoking, ART use, HIV viral suppression, and history of illicit drug use. Bronchoscopy will be performed on all subjects. The investigator will uncover mechanisms that contribute to COPD in HIV+ individuals, which will lead to interventional therapies. For example, the investigators evaluate the impact of bacteria on lung epithelial cell gene expression and inflammation and test ability of anti-inflammatories to alter responses. Identification of other key pathways or microbes could also lead to testing of pro-biotics, post-biotics (bacterial metabolites), or therapy with bacteria genetically modified for desired function or metabolites.

Increasing evidence have implied that microbiota from airway and gut might be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the cross-talk between respiratory and gastrointestinal microbiome in COPD is still undetermined. The study is aimed to investigate the interaction between lung and gut flora, and their role in the process of COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lung, characterized by chronic cough, dyspnea, and sputum production. Inspiratory muscle weakness has been shown in patients with COPD, and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is commonly applied to these patients. However, the optimal prescribed intensity of IMT for patients with COPD remains unclear. In healthy adults the accessory muscles would be recruited to assist ventilation with increasing ventilatory demand, but the activation pattern of accessory muscles has not been studied in patients with COPD during loaded condition such as IMT. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to exam diaphragm and sternocleidomastoid muscle activation using surface electromyography during loaded inspiratory muscle tests with intensity of 30% and 50% of maximal inspiratory pressure.