Active clinical trials for "Lung Diseases"

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate the effects of elastic tape in individuals with mild to very severe COPD. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the ET influence on daily life physical activity (DLPA), dyspnea, health status, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and anxiety and depression symptoms in individuals with COPD? Does the ET modify the perceived barriers to DLPA in individuals with COPD? The protocol lasted 21 days, including seven days of initial assessments and 14 days of intervention. Before baseline assessments, participants were randomly allocated into intervention (Elastic Tape Group, ETG, n=25) or control groups (CG, n=25). The ETG received ETs on the chest wall and abdomen for two consecutive weeks while the CG received instructions about the importance of becoming physical activity. The assessments were performed before and after 14 days of intervention. The ET placement was previously described by Pinto et al. (2020).

This study has two parts. The main purpose of Part 1 of this study will be to examine how safe and effective two doses of SelK2 is on participants with mild asthma. Lung function and inflammatory cell numbers will be measured in response to the administration of an allergen (a compound to which the participant is allergic) into the lungs in the presence or absence of SelK2. Part 2 of this study will examine how safe and effective one dose of SelK2 is on participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lung function and inflammatory cell numbers will be measured in COPD patients in the presence or absence of SelK2. SelK2 may block the movement of key inflammatory cells into the lungs and consequently improve lung function in these two patient populations.

To demonstrate the efficacy of inhaled tiotropium + olodaterol via Respimat® on lung function in patients with moderate to severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) with optimal and sub-optimal Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate (PIFR). Disease severity (moderate to severe) is based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines (GOLD 2 - 3)

A proportion of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia have a prolonged course of illness. Some of these patients continue to have considerable respiratory symptoms or persistent hypoxemia. The CT abnormalities in these patients are often a combination of ground-glass opacities and patchy multifocal consolidation consistent with a pattern of OP. In several patients, these radiologic abnormalities persist. As with other forms of OP, patients with post-COVID OP or post COVID diffuse lung disease (PC-DLD) may benefit from treatment with oral glucocorticoids. The ideal dose of glucocorticoids for treating PC-DLD is unknown. In this study, the investigatros aim to compare the efficacy and safety of a medium dose and a low dose of prednisolone (as the initial dose) for the treatment of post-COVID. diffuse lung disease.

Video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has recently been evaluated as the standard surgical procedure for lung surgery. Although VATS is less painful than thoracotomy, patients may feel severe pain during the first hours at postoperative period. Analgesia management is very important for these patients in postoperative period since insufficient analgesia can cause pulmonary complications such as atelectasis, pneumonia and increased oxygen consumption. The ultrasound (US) guided erector spina plane (ESP) block is a novel interfacial plan block defined by Forero et al. at 2016. ESP block provides thoracic analgesia at T5 level and abdominal analgesia at T7-9 level. Visualization of sonoanatomy with US is easy, and the spread of local anesthesic agents can be easily seen under the erector spinae muscle (12). Thus, analgesia occurs in several dermatomes with cephalad-caudad way. In the literature, there is not still any randomized study evaluating ESP block efficiency for postoperative analgesia management after VATS. The aim of this study is to compare US-guided continuous ESP block and TEA for postoperative analgesia management after VATS.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide. This disease progressively leads to dyspnea and exercise capacity impairment. Pulmonary rehabilitation teaches chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients to cope effectively with the systemic effects of the disease and improves exercise capacity, dyspnea and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the best training modality remains unknown. Physiological studies highlight the benefit of high intensity endurance training. However, many patients do not tolerate such a training due to ventilatory limitation and dyspnea. Therefore, a strategy to reduce dyspnea would allow a greater physiological muscle solicitation and improvement. Thus, many studies focus on means to increase exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nasal high flow delivers heated and humidified high flow air (up to 60 L/min) through nasal cannula providing physiological benefits such as positive airway pressure and carbon dioxide washout. It can be used in association with oxygen and offers the advantage to overtake the patient's inspiratory flow, providing a stable inspired fraction of oxygen. Nasal high flow has widely been studied in pediatric and adult intensive care units and seems better than conventional oxygen therapy and as effective as noninvasive ventilation with regards to mortality to treat hypoxemic acute respiratory failure. More recently, nasal-high flow has been shown to improve endurance exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms have not been yet elucidated but may help to optimise the utilization of the device. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to assess the respiratory physiological effects nasal high-flow during-exercise in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Secondary objectives are to assess the effects nasal high-flow during-exercise on endurance capacity, respiratory drive, dynamic hyperinflation, cardiorespiratory pattern and muscular metabolism.

The interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogenous group of conditions with varying degrees of inflammation and scarring (fibrosis) of the lungs. ILD progression is unpredictable, making prognostication challenging. A proportion of patients will develop inexorably progressive disease termed progressive fibrosing ILD (PF-ILD). Forced vital capacity (FVC), a lung function variable, is routinely used to monitor disease progression. However FVC can be a poor disease marker as it can be influenced by patient effort and can be difficult to perform. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a necessary investigation for suspected fibrotic-ILD, making it a promising tool for research. A quantitative-CT (qCT) approach uses computer software to analyse HRCT scans and has advantage over visual radiologist assessments which are limited by inter/intra-observer variance. The investigators will undertake a feasibility study to determine whether baseline and longitudinal qCT can predict and quantify disease progression in fibrotic-ILD. The endothelial glycocalyx (EG) is a mesh-like layer that lines the small blood vessels. Injury to this layer has been implicated in non-thoracic fibrotic diseases. Telomeres are repetitive genetic sequences which cap chromosomes preventing their damage during cell replication. Prematurely shortened leucocyte telomere lengths (LTL) have been demonstrated in a wide range of ILDs. We will evaluate role of measuring EG health and LTL in disease prognostication. Adult participants with fibrotic-ILD from 3 centres in England will be recruited alongside healthy controls. Case (disease) participants will undergo investigations at 0, 6 and 12 months from recruitment including: HRCT with quantitative analysis (qCT) Lung function testing EG and LTL measurement Health related quality of life assessments The primary outcome will assess the correlation of disease progression status measured by standard of care (FVC) with baseline qCT and EG assessment. Healthy controls will only undergo EG assessment at all time points. Feasibility outcomes will be assessed including recruitment, consent and attrition rates. The results will inform a subsequent multi-centre study to assess the clinical benefit of disease monitoring with the measures assessed in this study.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are severe, progressive, irreversibly incapacitating pulmonary disorders with modest response to therapeutic interventions and poor prognosis. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is important to enable patients to receive appropriate care at the earliest possible stage to delay disease progression and prolong survival. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted digital lung auscultation could constitute an alternative to conventional subjective operator-related auscultation to accurately and earlier diagnose these diseases. Moreover, lung ultrasound (LUS), a relevant gold standard for lung pathology, could also benefit from automation by deep learning.

The objective of this research is to translate the Tele-Pulmonary Rehabilitation Acceptance Scale into Turkish and assess its reliability and accuracy.

Background: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) reduces respiratory load and demands on peripheral muscles. Methods: This study aims to evaluate the acute effects of bi-level NIV on peripheral muscle function during isokinetic exercise and aerobic performance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This is a pilot crossover study performed with a non-probabilistic sample of 14 moderate to very severe COPD patients. Procedures carried out in two days. Dyspnea, quality of life, lung function, respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity (6-minute walk test - 6MWT), and isokinetic assessment of the quadriceps were assessed. Blood samples (lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase concentration) were also collected. Right after, NIV was performed for 30 minutes (bi-level or placebo, according to randomization) followed by new blood sample collection, 6MWT, and isokinetic dynamometer tests. Before and after evaluations, the subjective perception of dyspnea and fatigue in the lower limbs was quantified. After a wash-out period of seven days, participants returned, and all assessments were performed again.