Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia"

Nosocomial infections are increasing rapidly both internationally and domestically, especially carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. However, there were still lack of evidence about the risk and prognosis in Taiwan. The choice of drug and related sensitivity test was also limited. We would analyze the infection risk, prognosis, and drug sensitivity of Klebsiella pneumoniae and focus on strategy to manage carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections.

Critical care echocardiography (CCE) has been widely used since the 10 last years. Covid outbreak leads that many patients with acute respiratory failure were admitted in the ICU. Many of these patients were ventilated and developed ARDS. Some of them developed deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Nothing is already described about the cardiac function and the hemodynamics in these patients (how many RV failure, LV systolic dysfunction,...). The echo group of the cardiodynamix section of European society of intensive care medicien (ESICM) aims to promote CCE and evaluate its interest. The objective is to retrospectively enter in an international database all the echo studies done as usual care in these patients to evaluate (i) incidence of RV failure, (ii) incidence of LV systolic function, (iii) incidence of other patterns. Another objective will be to look for any association between some patterns and respiratory strategy, blood gas analysis, systemic hemodynamics. The echo studies were done and will be reported following one of the recent systematic review published by the same group (Huang S et al. AOIC 2020).

Rationale : ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) has been extensively studied in adults, however, few data exist regarding VAP in the paediatric intensive care population. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) definition for VAP is regularly updated trying to homogenised practice, and the last version for paediatrics has been published in 2015. According to the latest CDC definition, the investigators aim to study incidence of VAP in different paediatric intensive care units (PICUs), diagnostic methods of identifying VAP, microbiology of VAP, and utilisation of empirical antimicrobial therapy. Methods and population : a prospective multicentre observational study will be conducted in European PICUs for one year. All patients admitted to PICU aged more than 28 days and < 18 years, mechanically ventilated either by endotracheal or tracheostomy tube are included. Clinical data, ventilation settings, and risk factors for VAP are inserted daily in an electronic database on the internet. The investigators are going to identify patients, who presented one or more episodes of VAP during PICUs stay, analysing onset circumstances, diagnostic methods, bacteria pathogens identified, and antibiotic treatment. VAP incidence will be reported as number of events per 1,000 ventilator-days. Risk factors associated to VAP will be identified by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results and perspective : the investigators aim to define for the first time the incidence of VAP among European PICUs with a prospective and multicentre study. The identification of risk factors, diagnostic methods, epidemiology, treatment strategies will define the basis to start prevention manoeuvres and improve the clinical strategies for VAP in paediatric intensive care population.

Inhalation pneumonia (PI) is common in clinical practice but is rarely studied. For example, there are no data on the incidence of pneumonia after inhalation and risk factors or protective factors to develop one since it is known that anyone who inhaled does not necessarily develop an IP. There is no data on the benefit of treating inhalation by antibiotic therapy pre-emptively although this practice is common. In this context, this observational study wishes to take stock of the situation on the subject in order to determine what actions to implement to prevent IP.

An objective of JIPS Registry is to examine disease behavior of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs), considering classification, background, and diagnostic methods based on American Thoracic Society (ATS)/ European Respiratory Society(ERS) /Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS)/ Latin American Thoracic Association (ALAT) guidelines for diagnosis and the ATS/ERS classification of 2002 and 2013.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogens causing nosocomial infection. Recently, the emergency of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) had cause the clinical therapy be very difficult. However, there is not much empirical data as to the prevalence, risk factors, characteristics, and the rationality of the current therapy for the CRKP infection. Thus, the study was aimed to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors, characteristics, and the rationality of the current therapy for the CRKP infection.

To compare the time to pathogen eradication, and the relationship to the time to clinical improvement, between ceftaroline and case-matched vancomycin treated controls in the treatment of adults with serious infections caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

In the 21st century, threats to human health of new respiratory infectious diseases increased. The project aim is to establish pneumonia pathogens network in Beijing and understand the pathogen spectrum distribution.

The objective of this active surveillance study is to make available crucial data about epidemiology, serotype distribution, and longitudinal pattern of antibiotic susceptibility of nasopharyngeal strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae carried in the population of healthy children aged less than years and living in the area of Milan and surroundings, Lombardy, Italy. To estimate the nasopharyngeal carriage rate and longitudinal pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy children aged less than 5 years living in the area of Milan, Italy; To describe the circulation of antimicrobial non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in healthy children aged less than 5 years Secondary objectives: To describe the nasopharyngeal carriage distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in healthy subjects less than 5 years old; To examine the role of risk factors in the Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage rate in healthy children; • To evaluate the possible impact of vaccination policy in the referenced population.

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is diagnosed by cell count analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. However, the performance of bronchoscopy is not easy for patients with AEP, because they usually have hypoxia. Exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is usually elevated in the patients with eosinophilic inflammation such as asthma, but there is no previous studies FeNO in the patients with AEP. Investigators hypothesized that FeNO elevated significantly in patients with AEP, and FeNO can be used as non-invasive diagnostic method in patients who are clinically suspected with AEP, especially when the performance of bronchoscopy is difficult.