Active clinical trials for "Tuberculosis, Pulmonary"

PET/MRI (positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging) with somatostatin analog tracers has the potential to provide an imaging technique targeting subclinical granulomatous disease in those with latent tuberculosis (TB), allowing identification of individuals who may be at risk of progression to active TB.

simple verbal intervention with figure of lung and upper respiratory tract will be helpful to adequately collecting sputum. and in the acceptable specimen based on Gram stain, positivity for AFB stain and culture rate will be higher.

Background: Tuberculosis is a disease of the lungs caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). The most popular and least expensive tool used to detect the presence of the tuberculosis bacteria is called sputum smears, which is a lab test used to look for bacteria in the sputum via a microscope. However, the test s results are not always accurate, and the test cannot determine if the bacteria will be resistant to standard tuberculosis treatments. The most sensitive test currently available is called sputum culture, in which a sputum sample is used to check for the growth of tuberculosis bacteria. However, this test takes at least a month to produce accurate results, and requires expensive equipment that is not available in many countries where M. tuberculosis is found. The urea breath test (UBT) has been used to detect infection with Helicobacter pylori, a bacteria associated with stomach ulcers, by testing individual breath samples. Researchers are interested in determining whether breath samples can also be used to detect the presence of M. tuberculosis in the lungs of subjects with tuberculosis, and to see if tuberculosis treatments are successful. Objectives: - To assess the sensitivity and specificity of urea breath testing in the diagnosis and treatment response of pulmonary tuberculosis. Eligibility: Individuals at least 18 years of age who either have been diagnosed with tuberculosis or are healthy volunteers with no past history of tuberculosis. The study will be conducted in Bamako, Mali. Design: This study will involve three groups: two pilot groups of individuals who have already been diagnosed with tuberculosis, and a primary study group of both healthy volunteers and individuals who have been diagnosed with tuberculosis. Participants will be screened with a physical examination and medical history, as well as blood, sputum, stool, and urine samples. First pilot group (one visit): Participants should not eat, drink, or smoke for at least 1 hour prior to the UBT test. Participants will provide a baseline exhaled air sample, and then will receive the UBT test, which involves a dose of Pranactin -Citric dissolved in water. Additional exhaled air samples will be collected at eight time points (10, 20, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after the dose). Second pilot group (one or two visits): Participants should not eat, drink, or smoke for at least 1 hour prior to the UBT test. Participants will provide a baseline exhaled air sample, and then will receive the UBT test. Half of the participants will receive a dose of bismuth (Pepto-Bismol) prior to collection of air samples to see how this affects the results of the UBT test. Additional exhaled air samples will be collected at three time points specified by the study researchers. On the following day, participants will return for a second visit to provide three more exhaled air samples. Primary study group (five visits for participants with tuberculosis, two visits for healthy volunteers): All participants will have two visits, following the procedures given for the second pilot group. Half will receive a dose of bismuth prior to collection of air samples. Participants with tuberculosis will have three additional visits (days 6, 10, and 16 following the first study visit) to provide additional sputum and exhaled air samples to monitor the progress of tuberculosis treatment.

Microbiome in lower respiratory diseases is not sufficiently known yet. The objective of this study is to investigate microbiome in patients who present with hemoptysis, and those with pulmonary tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), and lung cancer, analyzing respiratory specimen acquired by bronchoscopic approach.

The purpose of the study is to collect health-seeking pathways, sociodemographic characteristics and symptoms of 400 newly diagnosed patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis(TB).

This study is a prospective observational cohort study of TB patients who are treated or evaluated at 10 study sites. Patients presenting with cough for 2 weeks or longer with at least one additional TB symptom and a chest X-ray suggestive of TB, will be invited to be enrolled in the study. The signed informed consent will designate their willingness to participate on this study.

The purpose of this is a study to provide early access of TMC207 to patients with pulmonary infection due to strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) with resistance to isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RMP), and to a fluoroquinolone (FQ) and/or injectable second line tuberculosis (TB) drug (kanamycin, amikacin, or capreomycin) and who are unable/ineligible to participate in any other TMC207 study. In addition, information on safety and tolerability of TMC207 in combination with anti-TB drugs will be assessed and the results of microbiology assessments which are recommended to be performed during the early access study will be collected.

This observational Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) diagnostics evaluation study is a longitudinal study of pulmonary TB suspects who are undergoing sputum evaluation for pulmonary TB. The sensitivity and specificity of the Xpert MTB/RIF (Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampin) assay performed on the first sputum collected for Xpert testing will be compared to gold standard conventional culture methods on two sputum specimens, in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected participants.

Bronchiectasis was described in the early 19th century by Laennec. Bronchiectasis is a chronic condition characterized by permanent and irreversible dilatation of the bronchial airways and impairment of mucociliary transport mechanism due to repeated infection and inflammation leading to colonization of organism and pooling of the mucus in the bronchial tree

There are some risks of pulmonary edema in patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy with one lung ventilation. The overloading of fluid administration could be related to the development of pulmonary edema in patents after thoracic surgery. But fluid restriction may cause major organ hypoperfusion during the surgery. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of stroke volume variation as an indicator for a fluid responsiveness in patient who receives pulmonary lobectomy via thoracotomy.