Active clinical trials for "Fever"

Main objective : To develop the tools for evaluation of humoral and cell-mediated immunity after Yellow Fever Vaccine (YFV) and compare virological and immune responses in HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals who had not been given YFV before. Secondary objectives : To develop and assess ELISPOT technology for yellow fever and to measure the response within 7, 14, 28, 90 and 365 days of administration of YFV in 30 HIV negative subjects and 40 HIV positive subjects (CD4 > 350/mm3 under Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) for at least one year, with a viral load < 50 copies/mL since at least 6 months) in terms of : (1) seroconversion by fluorescence, (2) cytotoxic response in ELISPOT, (3) neutralizing antibody levels in Plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT:reference method) and a new pseudotype based method, (4) post-vaccination viremia and (5) diversity of viral quasi-species. To assess the impact of YFV on the T-lymphocyte response against HIV by ELISPOT and viral load.

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that different CYD dengue vaccine lots manufactured using the same method and in the same location but at different times produce an equivalent immunological response after 3 doses. Primary Objective To demonstrate that three different Phase III lots of CYD dengue vaccine induce an equivalent immune response in terms of post-Dose 3 geometric mean titers (GMTs) against the four parental serotypes. Secondary Objectives: To demonstrate that data from one Phase II lot and pooled data from Phase III lots of CYD dengue vaccine show an equivalent immune response in terms of post-Dose 3 GMTs against the four parental serotypes. To describe the safety of the CYD dengue vaccine in all participants after each dose.

Most malaria deaths occur within 48 hours of onset of symptoms, and in rural areas with poor access to health facilities, home management of malaria (HMM) can improve the timeliness of treatment and reduce malaria mortality by up to 50%. In order to maximize both coverage and impact, artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs) should be deployed in HMM programmes, as well as in formal health facilities. Up to 80% of malaria cases are treated outside the formal health sector and shops are frequently visited as the first (and in some cases only) source of treatment. Strategies to deploy ACTs in Africa thus also need to examine the role of shops in home management and to ensure that drugs sold are appropriate. The current practice of presumptive treatment of any febrile illness as malaria (both at health facilities and in the context of HMM) based solely on clinical symptoms without routine laboratory confirmation, results in significant over-use of antimalarial drugs. With ACT being a more costly regimen, it is important to be more restrictive in its administration and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) provide a simple means of confirming malaria diagnosis in remote locations lacking electricity and qualified health staff. This study therefore proposes to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness of using RDTs to improve malaria diagnosis and treatment by ocal drug shops in an area with high malaria transmission.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the administration of CYD dengue vaccine serotypes (1, 2, 3 and 4) following a compressed schedule in 3 different populations. Primary Objectives: To describe the humoral immune response to each of the 4 parental dengue virus serotypes at baseline and 28 days after CYD dengue vaccine Dose 3 in Group 1 (Month [M] 13) and Group 2 (M07), irrespective of whether or not Yellow Fever (YF) vaccine has been previously administered. To describe the persistence of the humoral immune response to each of the 4 parental dengue virus serotypes 6 months after CYD dengue vaccine Dose 3 in Group 1 (M18) and Group 2 (M12), irrespective of whether or not YF vaccine has been previously administered. Secondary Objective: To describe the humoral immune response to each of the 4 parental dengue virus serotypes at baseline and 28 days after CYD dengue vaccine Dose 1 and Dose 2 in Groups 1 and 2, irrespective of whether or not YF vaccine has been previously administered. To describe the humoral immune response to each of the 4 parental dengue virus serotypes at baseline and 28 days after CYD dengue Dose 1 in the combined YF-participants in Group 1 (N=60) and Group 2 (N=60), and in Group 3 (N=120). To describe by FV status at baseline the humoral immune response to each of the 4 parental dengue virus serotypes at baseline and 28 days after each injection of CYD dengue vaccine in Groups 1, 2, and 3. To describe the safety profile after each injection of CYD dengue vaccine and/or YF vaccine.

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety of Takeda's Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Candidate (TDV) (previously DENVax) in healthy adults when given as either a subcutaneous (SC) or intradermal (ID) injection at two dose levels (low and high). The vaccine will be given as two doses 90 days apart. Safety assessments include injection site evaluation and adverse events. The immune response generated after vaccination will be assessed up to 9 months after the first vaccination.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential for co-administration of the first dose of CYD Dengue vaccine with childhood vaccination. Primary Objectives: To describe the safety of CYD Dengue vaccine after each dose; first dose given alone or coadministered with childhood vaccines. Secondary Objectives: To describe the immunogenicity of CYD Dengue vaccine after each dose; first dose given alone or co-administered with childhood vaccines.

Scientific background: Bronchoscopy is a procedure commonly performed in the management of persistent respiratory illness. In the last decades this exam has become a routine and safe procedure even in children and there are few side-effects. However, one known side effect is transient fever and even high fever a few hours after the bronchoscopy. This side effect is not dangerous but very uncomfortable for the patients and it would be interesting to try to reduce this phenomena. This fever is due to a release of cytokines during the broncho-alveolar lavage procedure and not to sepsis. In a previous study a single dose of dexamethasone was shown to prevent the fever post bronchoscopy with no apparent detriment to the child. It is well known that steroids are immunosuppressive. Even though the post-bronchoscopy fever is not caused by an infection, it seems preferable to use other anti-inflammatory drugs to fight this very inconvenient side effect. Ibuprofen (Nurofen*) is known as an effective medication to reduce fever in infectious illnesses and is even considered as superior to paracetamol. It has no immunosuppressive effect and is usually well tolerated by children with very few side effects when taken in the normal therapeutic dose of 10mg/Kg. The investigators postulate that a dose of Nurofen prior to bronchoscopy could significantly reduce fever post bronchoscopy.

The goal of this clinical research study is to find the dose of EZN-2232 that can be given to MBL deficient pediatric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of the study drug will also be studied.

This study is to determine if a vaccine for Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is safe to give to humans. The study will examine how well the vaccine (RVF MP-12) stimulates the body's immune response (which fights off infection) and if the vaccine is stable or if the virus used to make the vaccine changes into a different form once injected into the body. Twenty healthy volunteers (18-50 years old) will be vaccinated with a single dose of undiluted RVF MP-12, injected into a muscle.

This study is part of the International Vaccine Institute's (IVI's) typhoid Vi demonstration project that aims to accelerate the rational introduction of Vi vaccines in typhoid endemic countries. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the Vi vaccine following a mass typhoid immunization campaign in an endemic area in Kolkata, India. The cost-effectiveness of the Vi vaccination and the logistic feasibility of a mass typhoid immunization campaign will also be evaluated.