Active clinical trials for "Rectal Neoplasms"

The Intersphincteric resection (ISR) technique is an alternative for anal preservation in ultra-low rectal cancer. The transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) technique might compensate for the deficiencies of ISR in terms of tumor spillage and poor surgical field exposure. Thus, we decided to perform ISR through a transanal endoscopic approach (taE-ISR), seeking to evaluate the value of this innovative technique in extreme anal preservation in ultra-low rectal cancer.

Bowel dysfunction is common after a restorative rectal cancer resection. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy is an influential factor that impairs bowel function and quality of life. However, almost half patients who have received primary surgery with preoperative radiotherapy are able to restore a good or moderate bowel function in the long term. This multicenter observational study aims to identify the risk factors of severe bowel dysfunction after rectal cancer resection and neoadjuvant radiotherapy, in accordance with the LARS score, and to build a model that predicts long-term major LARS in the early stage of follow-up. Development and validation cohorts are enrolled from tertiary hospitals in China.

In a retrospective study, the investigators will compare patients with locally advanced rectal cancer with high risk factors for failure who were treated with standard therapy or with total neoadjuvant therapy.

Even if colonoscopy is considered the reference standard for the detection of colonic neoplasia, polyps are still missed. The risk of early post-colonoscopy cancer appeared to be independently predicted by a relatively low polyp/adenoma detection rate. When considering the very high prevalence of advanced neoplasia in the FIT-positive enriched population, the risk of post-colonoscopy interval cancer due to a suboptimal quality of colonoscopy may be substantial. Available evidence justifies therefore the implementation of efforts aimed at improving adenoma detection rate, based on retraining interventions and on the adoption of innovative technologies, designed to enhance the accuracy of the endoscopic examination. Artificial intelligence seems to improve the quality of medical diagnosis and treatment. In the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy, two potential roles of AI in colonoscopy have been examined so far: automated polyp detection (CADe) and automated polyp histology characterization (CADx). CADe can minimize the probability of missing a polyp during colonoscopy, thereby improving the adenoma detection rate (ADR) and potentially decreasing the incidence of interval cancer. GI Genius is the AI software that will be used in the present trial and is intended to be used as an adjunct to colonic endoscopy procedures to help endoscopists to detect in real time mucosal lesions (such as polyps and adenomas, including those with flat (non-polypoid) morphology) during standard screening and surveillance endoscopic mucosal evaluations. It is not intended to replace histopathological sampling as a means of diagnosis. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield obtained by using CADe colonoscopy to the yield obtained by the standard colonoscopy (SC).

Following colorectal surgery, many patients face a combination of physical and emotional problems for a long period of time. Symptoms such as pain, fatigue, and disturbed bowel and sexual function, as well as problems in social and role functioning, inevitably affect the patients' well-being. Therefore, evaluation of the self-reported quality of life (QoL) is becoming increasingly important in clinical trials. The investigators aimed to compare long term health related life quality (HRQoL) results of laparoscopic approach with open approach in patients with sphincter preserving resections for rectal cancer at a single-center.

The purpose of this study is to develop a technique that allows physicians to identify the first lymph nodes draining from a rectal tumor (the sentinel lymph nodes). Currently, there is no technique used to find these lymph nodes in the rectum during surgery and therefore many patients with rectal cancer need to undergo a total rectal resection. Dyes, tracers, imaging and a gamma probe will be used in this study during a standard minimally invasive transanal endoscopic surgery (TES) to try to locate these lymph nodes. If surgeons are able to locate these lymph nodes they will be removed during surgery. If the technique is successfully developed as a result of this research, it could help patients in the future with early stage rectal cancer by allowing doctors to see if their cancer has spread to the lymph nodes of the rectum without having to undergo a total rectal resection. These patients would then be able to undergo a TES combined with a lymph node dissection to gain more knowledge about the stage of their disease. This knowledge would then be used to determine if and what further treatment is necessary for the patient's rectal cancer.

The purpose of the study is to compare self-reported health related quality of life after two different operating techniques for low rectal cancer operated by rectal amputation, using a specific and detailed questionnaire. The population has been operated over a 6 year period in one university hospital.

Prospective Assessment of Symptoms and Quality of Life in Rectal Cancer Patients Receiving Chemo-Radiotherapy.

The purpose of this study is to measure the diagnostic performance of whole body (WB) MR-PET for staging rectal cancer, compared with current standard of care (chest/abdominopelvic CT and rectal MRI) to investigate clinical feasibility of WB MR-PET as a one-stop preoperative imaging modality in patients with rectal cancer.

Most recently, the Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS) approach combined with single-port technology has allowed that pelvic surgery can be laparoendocopically performed from both its abdominal and perineal aspects.Previously, a strong negative association between medium- and long-term survival and male gender with narrow pelvis have been reported. TAMIS has a significant potantial for improving the quality of the surgical resection of rectal tumors in men with visceral obesity and narrow pelvis. This group of patients have also a high rate of conversion to open surgery. Focusing on improvement in intraoperative conditions and surgical techniques rather than routine conventional procedures may be the way to go concerning favorable short- and long-term outcomes. The selection of adequate surgical approach to the high-risk patients with visceral obesity and a bulky mesentery may prevent or limit the risk for anastomotic leakage and improve oncologic margin clearence. This is a prospective observational feasability study of the TAMIS-procedure.