Active clinical trials for "Rectal Neoplasms"

The standard treatment for stage 2/3 rectal cancer is neoadjuvant 5-Fu based chemoradiation. However, preoperative radiation cause kinds of adverse events, some were irreversible. And the survival benefit was not obvious. Whether chemotherapy alone is effective enough in treating rectal cancer is not yet known. Here, the investigators chose all the three active cytotoxic agents (5-FU, Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan) as the neoadjuvant treatment regimen (FOLFOXIRI). The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of FOLFOXIRI as neoadjuvant regimen in treating patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

This pilot study focuses on KD018 and will investigate the effect of this agent on reducing the Gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity associated with combined modality therapy of locally-advanced rectal cancer.

This randomized phase II trial studies how well veliparib or pembrolizumab work with combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy in treating patients with rectal cancer that has spread from where it started to nearby tissue or lymph nodes (locally advanced). Veliparib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as modified (m)FOLFOX6 regimen, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Giving veliparib or pembrolizumab with combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy may kill more tumor cells, make the tumor smaller, and reduce the amount of normal tissue that needs to be removed.

All procedures are performed in the investigator's outpatient gastroenterology and digestive endoscopy unit by experienced endoscopists in conventional mucosectomies of the lower intestinal tract. Before the procedure each patient, a normal endoscopic procedure. At the site of the lesion the lumen will be completely decompressed with aspiration of the gas, and then again relaxed with the instillation of only water. The EleviewTM will be injected into the submucosa in such quantities as to obtain a satisfactory lift of the lesion. The lesion will then be removed with a diathermic loop, preferably en-bloc, and in any case up to macroscopic evidence of complete resection. All the removed material will be stored and sent to histological analysis. Tolerability score will be recorded during the procedure. Any "bleeding" (both intra- and post-procedural), perforation, post-polypectomy syndrome, stenosis or death in the 6 months following the procedure will be born "complication". A surveillance colonoscopy including biopsy sampling of the research site scheduled 6 months after the procedure

This is an exploratory, open-label, single arm, non-randomized, multicenter, phase II clinical trial to determine the efficacy and clinical complete response rate in patients with rectal cancer and tumor preoperative evaluation after NAC (Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy) with NALIRINOX (5-FU [fluorouracil)/LV [Leucovorin calcium] + oxaliplatin + nal-IRI [Liposomal Irinotecan]) and chemoradiotherapy.

In this study, we aim to investigate the prognostic value of pre-treatment NLR in patients with locally advenced rectal cancer and post-treatment

The purpose of our study is to evaluate the accuracy of MRI for selection of complete responders after chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer .

This innovative study will involve the use of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy, a new medical imaging technology never used for surgical indications to date. Virtual biopsies (pCLE images) will be compared to histopathology analysis. This study focuses on the evaluation of rectal tumor margins. The hypothesis is that pCLE will allow identification of rectal tumor margin, comparable to that of histopathology. In the future, decision of resection margin could rely on intraoperative pCLE exam. The proposed study is a feasibility study, first in the indication of rectal cancer.

Colorectal neoplasms are the third most common malignancies in the United States. Patients with metastatic (stage IV) colorectal cancer have a median life expectancy of 2 years. The response rates to chemotherapy range from 35-40%. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that soy compounds may reduce the incidence of colorectal cancers. Laboratory analyses demonstrate that genistein, a soy-derived compound, may inhibit Wnt signaling, a pathway activated in majority of colorectal cancers. Laboratory observations also demonstrate that genistein may augment growth inhibition when combined with chemotherapeutic agents of 5-Fluorouracil and platinum compounds. Based on pre-clinical data the investigators hypothesize that combining genistein with the standard of care chemotherapeutic regimens will reduce chemotherapy resistance and improve response rates in patients. The aim of the study is to add genistein to the regimens of FOLFOX or FOLFOX-Avastin in patients with newly diagnosed stage IV colon or rectal neoplasms.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy (Oxaliplatin and 5Fu) with bevacizumab concomitantly with radiotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment for patients with locally advanced but resectable rectal adenocarcinoma.