Active clinical trials for "Rectal Neoplasms"

Preoperative radiotherapy (RT) and pelvic surgery is recommended to many patients with rectal cancer. For women there are theoretical reasons to believe that the treatment may affect hormone levels, sexual function and wellbeing. To address these questions a longitudinal observational study was initiated where androgen levels and sexual function were assessed before treatment (baseline) and during a follow-up period of two years.

The study evaluates the addition of Chinese Herbal Compound Dendrobium Huoshanense Granules to capecitabine and irinotecan in neoadjuvant chemoradiation(CRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer. Half of participants will receive CRT with Dendrobium Huoshanense Granules, while the others will receive CRT with placebo. We will evaluate whether Dendrobium Huoshanense Granules can enhance the immune function and alleviate symptoms caused by the tumor and CRT .

In this study, we aim to develop and validate an easy-to-use machine learning prediction model to preoperatively identify the lymph node metastasis status for rectal cancer patients by using these clinical data from three hospitals.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most malignancies worldwide. The dominant clinical research strategy of LARC includes neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy before radical surgery followed combined with adjuvant treatment. Approximately 15% to 20% of the patients after nCRT can achieve a pathologic complete response (pCR)---no residual tumor is reported at histology after a standard resection. Some researchers suggest that those patients with pCR can be spared the morbidities of surgery instead by a nonoperative approach---watch- and-wait(W&W). However, neither FDG-PET, MRI, CT, nor enteroscopy can accurately determine a pCR. EUS-FNA has been an important technique for the diagnosis of rectal cancer for its high accuracy and little harm. However, data on the TRUS-FNA for the cytologic diagnosis of pCR in rectal cancer is scarce. Our hypothesis is that adding transrectal ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (TRUS-FNA) compared with enteroscopy , MR, and CT alone can improve the accuracy of predicting pCR after nCRT.Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess the performance characteristics of EUS-FNA in this setting.

Retrospective cohort study used to analyze trends in minimally invasive versus open surgery in colorectal surgery, over time, in outcome in the laparoscopic, robotic and open surgery groups in patients receiving colorectal resections. Analysis will be performed using data collected through the American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) database, a national database with deidentified data entered by trained nurse data reviewers.

To evaluate the feasibility and clinical significance of preserving left colonic artery in rectal cancer surgery.The investigators will focus on the effect of preserving left colonic artery during radical resection of rectal cancer on anastomotic leakage and oncology efficacy.

The inferior mesenteric artery is the feeding vessel for tumours in the rectum. When performing surgery for these tumours, the surgeon can cut the vessel close to the aorta or after the vessel bifurcates to the superior rectal artery and the left colic artery. A close division is termed a high tie (and the other, a low tie) and might entail a better lymph node extraction, possibly removing metastasis, but can also lead to nerve damage and e.g. bowel dysfunction. There is no clear evidence favouring either tie level, and large amounts of data are needed to establish superiority as any effects is likely to be small. One such method is to use national registries with prospectively collected data on e.g. level of tie and cancer relapse. However, it is not always easy to determine the level of tie while in the operating room and registries might also contain erroneous data. In order to determine the validity of such data, comparisons to objective measures are needed. This study is an attempt to correlate radiographic imaging to the suggested tie level, as indicated by the surgeon in the operative report and by the nationwide Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry. If the registry variable tie level has a high correlation with imagining, researchers can more reliably use the registry to establish the benefits and drawbacks with high tie in rectal cancer surgery.

This study observes the efficacy and side effects of 3D-printing non co-planar template(3D-PNCT) assisted with CT-guidance for radioactive Iodine-125 seed(RIS) brachytherapy in pelvic recurrent rectum carcinoma retrospectively, and analyzes the influence of clinical and dosimetric factors on the outcomes.

Colonoscopy is the most important method to screen for colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions, whose efficacy is closely related with the quality of bowel preparation, requiring consuming purgatives and restricting the diet. Compliance to bowel preparation is highly dependent on patient education. In most cases, such education is offered only once at the time of colonoscopy scheduling by either oral or written instructions. However, about one in fourth patients still cannot achieve satisfactory bowel preparation quality. Various methods, including booklet, telephone or message reminders, smartphone applications, social media, online videos, have been used to aid patient education and prove effective. These methods can increase patient activation, which is an independent factor related to bowel preparation quality. Virtual reality(VR) videos are used in this study, giving patients direct impressions of colonoscopy. This study aims to explore whether VR videos can increase patient adherence and experience, as well as improve bowel preparation quality, compared with conventional patient education methods.

Background: -Coordinated cancer care provided by doctors, nurses, social workers, and other care providers is believed to improve patient and physician satisfaction and patient evaluation for enrollment in clinical trials. But no research has been done to show that this approach improves patient experiences and outcomes. Researchers want to study this model to better understand how it can improve cancer treatment and patient outcomes. Objectives: - To assess the relationship between coordinated care and cancer treatment processes and outcomes. Eligibility: - Individuals who are at least 18 years of age. Those who take part must have been diagnosed with colon, rectal, or non-small-cell lung cancer. They also must be receiving or have been treated at one of the 16 NCI Community Cancer Center program sites. Design: Researchers will collect medical records data from participants. Participants will complete a questionnaire about 8 weeks after the end of all planned cancer treatment. They will be asked questions about their experience with coordinated cancer care. They will also be asked for any comments or concerns they had during and after treatment. No treatment or additional tests will be provided as part of this protocol.