Active clinical trials for "Rectal Neoplasms"

This is an interventional, controlled and randomized single-center clinical trial with patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer that will undergo laparoscopic left hemicolectomy or laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer. All patients included in the study (study 1) are randomized into two groups (group 1A and group 1B): in the group 1A the surgical technique initially dissects the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) and in the group 1B the surgical technique initially dissects the inferior mesenteric artery. The patients who will undergo a colorectal anastomosis will be included in the study 2 and will be randomized to group 2A and group 2B: in group 2A the patients will have a latero-terminal colorectal anastomosis and in group 2B a termino-terminal colorectal anastomosis. Study hypothesis: Study 1: the surgical technique that initially dissects the IMV presents a greater number of total resected lymph nodes compared to the technique that initially dissects the IMA. Study 2: latero-terminal anorectal anastomosis has a better anorectal functional outcome than termino-terminal anorectal anastomosis. Primary outcome measures: Study 1:To compare the total number of resected lymph nodes and the distance to the surgical margins between the two arms (1A and 1B). Study 2: to compare the anorectal functional outcome at 12 months after surgery or ileostomy closure between the two arms (2A and 2B). The anorectal function will be assessed by the scores of the validated Colorectal Functional Outcome Questionnaire (COREFO) and the validated scale LARS (Syndrome anterior resection of the rectum). Secondary outcome measures: Study 1: to compare the duration of surgery, bleeding and need for surgical conversion between the two arms (1A and 1B). Another objectives are to compare the incidence of postoperative complications (measured by the Clavien-Dindo classification) and survival. Study 2: to compare the quality of life and anorectal functional outcomes at : 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after intervention (or ileostomy closure) between the two arms (2A and 2B). The anorectal function will be assessed by the validated COREFO questionnaire and the LARS scale. The quality of life will be assessed by the validated questionnaire of quality of life: SF-36. Another objective is to compare the incidence of postoperative complications assessed by the Clavien-Dindo classification and the incidence of anastomotic leakage.

The purpose of this research study is to look at how tumors responds to a short course of radiation (5 days) followed by 8 cycles of chemotherapy.

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of a high-intensity aerobic training and resistance training on fatigue in prostate, head and neck and rectum cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. A three-arm randomized controlled trial will be conducted. Patients will be randomised into either a high-intensity aerobic training group or a resistance training group or a control group. Participants in the training groups will exercised for five to eight weeks. Exercise sessions will be take place 3 days per week under the supervision of an experienced therapist. Subjects will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention. The primary outcome will be fatigue measured using the FACIT-fatigue questionnaire. The secondary outcomes will be: functional capacity, quality of life, executive functions, sleep disturbances, somnolence syndrome, insomnia, depression symptoms.

The purpose of this study is to find out how well patients with cancer of the rectum do if they get all of their other treatment - chemotherapy by itself followed by chemotherapy and radiation together - before surgery. Patients have recently been diagnosed with rectal cancer, and the doctors have recommended neo-adjuvant chemo treatment to try to shrink the cancer before removing it.

The investigators hypothesis is that the patients who receive a side to end anastomosis have bowel outcome and quality of life that is equivalent to those who receive a J pouch.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) Radiotherapy 25 ㏉/5 fractions (start concomitantly at D1) ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ Radical surgery 6 weeks after completion of chemoradiotherapy ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ D1 - - - - - D5 5-Fluorouracil 400㎎/㎡/day + LV 20㎎/㎡/day IV bolus during the radiotherapy

The high proportion of complete and good responders with modern chemoradiation and the improvement in magnetic resonance (MR)-imaging techniques have stimulated a renewed interest to the question whether in patients with complete or good response the overall benefits of a 'wait-and-see policy' or transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) combined with intensive follow-up may outweigh the benefits associated with conventional surgery (total mesorectal excision (TME)or abdominoperineal resection (APR)). On the one hand, less invasive strategies will expose subjects to more diagnostic procedures and possibly a slightly higher risk of local failure and the need for salvage surgery. On the other hand, mortality and morbidity associated with radical surgery (e.g. anastomotic leakage, relaparotomy, wound and pelvic infection, chronic wound healing disturbances, abscess, colostomy, faecal or urinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction) can be avoided. The investigators believe that wait-and-see policy for complete responders and TEM for good responders after chemoradiation is a feasible alternative to standard surgery, provided these patients are intensively followed.

Assess the clinical activity of MAC-321 administered IV as a second-line or third-line antineoplastic agent to subjects with advanced colorectal cancer. Clinical activity will be assessed by determining the percentage of subjects exhibiting an objective response (complete plus partial responses). Tumor response will be assessed following modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guidelines.

Hypothesis : Therapeutic intensification by increasing the dose delivered to the tumor by RCMI (conformational radiotherapy by intensity modulation) in order to reduce local relapse, often associated with poor prognosis Primary objective: evaluate the rate of tumor sterilization and the toxicities of RTCT with concomitant boost in intensity modulation in patients with rectal cancer CT3-T4 and / or cN1-2.

Biopisies from patients diagnosed with rectal cancer between 2007-2019 will be cut into 4-6 micrometer thin sections for morphology and immunostaining. Every section will be numbered with a code that is connected to the patients personal identification number and the code list will be kept separately from the biopsies in a password protected file on the Sahlgrenska University Hospital server. Patient data and outcome regarding response to treatment will be collected from patient charts and the Swedish ColoRectal Cancer Registry, but all data will be numbered with the same code number and all results will be kept away from the code list. In order to achieve the stated aims, that is, to study how the molecular and cellular characteristics of the tumour and its surrounding microenvironment as well as the interaction of tumour cells and immune cells affect treatment response, several molecular and cellular techniques and assays may be applied.