Active clinical trials for "Recurrence"

Advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) remains a highly morbid and fatal disease despite aggressive interventions. Mortality is high in this cohort: laryngeal cancer affects over 13 000 patients in the United States, with over 3500 deaths annually.The results of the Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Program Laryngeal Cancer Trial and subsequent studies demonstrated similar overall survival (OS) rates for organ preservation protocols involving radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) when compared to surgery, with the benefit of preserving the larynx in a large majority of patients. As such, the use of RT or CRT has become the predominant initial intervention for patients with laryngeal SCC.6 However, the prognosis of recurrent and persistent laryngeal SCC is particularly dire.In this study, we sought to identify preoperative predictors of survival for patients with recurrent or persistent laryngeal SCC in order to set patient expectations and address modifiable risk factors. Identification of predictors of survival may also identify patients who could benefit from novel therapeutic agents in a neo/adjuvant fashion. Herein,we examine a cohort of patients with recurrent or persistent laryngeal SCC after definitive RT/CRT who has undergone total laryngectomy in order to identify potential preoperative predictors of clinical outcomes.

Previous findings have shown that a biomarker comprised of the three microRNAs (miRs) miR-451, miR-151-5p and miR-1290 can independently predict precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B- ALL) patients' risk for relapse when measured in cells from a bone marrow (BM) aspiration taken at diagnosis (Avigad et al., 2016: Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer 55:328-339). Curewize Health recognizes that the development of a minimally invasive blood test for frequent long-term monitoring can greatly benefit pediatric precursor B-ALL patients. Therefore, the current study will investigate the monitoring ability of miR-451, miR-151-5p and miR-1290 measured in blood samples. The study will be performed in two stages: Stage 1-Cross-Sectional Study: Blood samples will be collected from relapsed pediatric B-ALL patients and B-ALL patients in remission. Blood will be collected from each patient in three tubes, for serum, plasma and whole blood analysis, in order to interpret the best blood source for measuring miR-451, miR-151-5p and miR-1290. The level of the miRs in blood will be compared between relapsed B-ALL patients to B-ALL patients in remission. If the Stage 1 Cross-Sectional study is successful, the investigators will continue the clinical trials to the Stage 2 Prospective Monitoring study. Stage 2-Prospective Monitoring Study: Blood will be collected from patients at diagnosis and at routine clinical follow-up. Patients can be up to five years from diagnosis. The source of blood found to be most optimal for measuring the miR levels is Stage 1 will be collected. The final design of the Stage 2 study will be decided after completion of the Stage 1 study.

The purpose of this trial is to study the relationship between the angiogenic response to surgical aggression, determined through the serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on postoperative day four, and the tumor recurrence in patients with colon cancer operated with a curative intention.

The primary goal of hepatitis C virus (HCV) Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) is to achieve undetectable HCV RNA in the blood. A response that should be maintained for at least 12 weeks from completion of therapy. This is called sustained virological response (SVR) which corresponds to cure of HCV infection as risk of later relapse is very small. SVR is important to achieve improvement in liver necroinflammation and fibrosis and to decrease complications of cirrhosis. Failing to achieve SVR after treatment requires another regimen for these experienced patients. Real-world data are always needed to evaluate and improve our practices. Here investigators aim to assess tolerability and efficacy of different regimens used for management of genotype 4 HCV relapse.

ET is the final stage of IVF which independently influences the treatment outcome. Successful embryo implantation is dependent on uterine receptivity. Atosiban is a novel class of drug which is effective in priming the uterus for implantation. It reduces uterine contractions and increases endomyometrial perfusion, both of which have potential benefits regarding improved IRs, CPR, and ongoing pregnancy rates. Atosiban has a good embryonic safety profile. It has no systemic toxicity, no mutagenic effects, and no carcinogenic effects

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are mainly caused by tobacco, alcohol consumption and betel nut chewing and the sixth most common cancer in the world. Despite significant advances in the treatment modalities involving surgery, radiotherapy, and concomitant chemoradiotherapy, the 5-year survival rate remained below 50% for the past 30 years. The worse prognosis of these cancers must certainly be linked to the fact that HNSCCs strongly influence the host immune system. During this process, mesenchymal tumor-like cells are highly mobile and enter quickly adjacent structure (intravasation), from where they travel through lymphatic and blood vessels as circulating tumor cells (CTC), which are single cells with malignant potential detected in the peripheral bloodstream and essential for establishing metastasis. Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) play pivotal roles in regulating host immune responses. Substantial evidence has demonstrated that PD-L1 can deliver an inhibitory signal to PD-1 expressing T cells, leading to suppression of the immune response by inducing apoptosis, energy, unresponsiveness and functional exhaustion of T cells. However, the inhibitory effects of this pathway on the function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, the main effector cells in HNSCC patients, are not well defined. In this study aims to solve two main problems: one is to improve and try to optimize current protocols of CTC isolations based on the investigator previous work, which is one of most challenging problems in CTC field to date; the other is to understand the status of immune system in HNSCC patients, especially focusing on PD-1-PD-L1 pathway and its expressions. After series basic experiments of immune cell analysis and conditional adjustment of CTC isolation protocols, the investigator are willing to isolate CTCs and immune cells at a single blood drawing at the same time. A prospective trial will be conducted to elucidate the roles of PD-1 expression lymphocytes and CTC numbers on the clinical outcomes of HNSCC patients.

The aim was to investigate the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with a multiple-electrode switching system (MESS) in the treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate the patterns and risk factors of intrahepatic recurrence of HCC after RFA.

RATIONALE: Studying samples of blood and tissue from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors identify and learn more about biomarkers related to cancer. PURPOSE: This research study is studying the role of biomarkers in endometrial cancer recurrence in samples from patients with stage II, stage III, or stage IV endometrial cancer.

Ovarian endometriotic cyst (endometrioma) is one of the most common endometriotic lesions, and conservative laparoscopic surgery is the treatment of choice. However, the recurrence after surgery is common. As repetitive surgery leads to morbidities and ovarian function decrease, recurrence after surgery frustrates both patients and clinicians. In this aspect, medical treatments have been offered after surgery to prevent or delay the recurrence. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) is frequently used in women with advanced endometriosis, but the efficacy is rather controversial. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that oral contraceptives (OCs) could reduce or delay endometrioma recurrence, but data are still limited. Consequently, no one type of postoperative medical therapy has been shown to be superior in reducing the recurrence of endometrioma. The rationale of postoperative medical therapy is that it could eradicate microscopic lesions which were not found and not treated sufficiently during surgery. Therefore, the maintenance of strongly suppressed condition induced by postoperative GnRHa treatment by addition of OCs could be a promising treatment to prevent the recurrence, but it has not been widely investigated. We performed this retrospective cohort study to evaluate the efficacy of cyclic monophasic low-dose OCs as a maintenance therapy after GnRHa treatment for the suppression of endometrioma recurrence.

RATIONALE: Studying samples of tumor tissue from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors identify and learn more about biomarkers related to cancer. It may also help doctors predict whether cancer will come back after treatment. PURPOSE: This research trial is studying genes that may predict local recurrence in samples from patients with breast cancer. treated on NSABP-B-28