Active clinical trials for "Acute Kidney Injury"

Severely ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit may develop an acute failure of kidney function. To bridge the period to recovery, renal function is temporarily replaced by continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH). To prevent clotting of the hemofiltration circuit, heparin is generally used, providing anticoagulation in the circuit and the patient. As a result, bleeding complications may occur, necessitating the transfusion of blood. Anticoagulation of the circuit can also be obtained with the use of tri-sodium citrate, which provides anticoagulation of the circuit without affecting coagulation in the patient and thus without increasing his/her risk of bleeding. The use of citrate may however cause metabolic complications. Primary aim of the present study is to show in a larger group of intensive care patients whether the use of regional anticoagulation with citrate is safe compared to systemic anticoagulation with the low molecular weight heparin nadroparin.

Patients within the intensive care unit who have severe infections causing shock and kidney failure have almost a 60% risk of dying despite antibiotic therapy, surgical drainage of the site of infection and intensive care support with fluids, nutrition, mechanical ventilation and continuous artificial kidney support. This persistently high death rate continues to stimulate the development of new approaches to the treatment of septic shock. Much clinical and molecular biology research suggests that these patients die because of an uncontrolled immune system's response to infection. This response involves the production of several substances (so called "humoral mediators"), which enter the blood stream and affect the patient's organs ability to function and the patient's ability to kill germs. These substances may potentially be removed by new artificial filters similar to those currently used during continuous hemofiltration (the type of artificial kidney support used in intensive care). Recent investigations by ourselves and others, however, have made the following findings: Standard filters currently used in intensive care are ineffective in removing large amounts of these "humoral mediators" because the holes in the filter are too small to allow all of them to pass through The standard filters currently used in intensive care are also ineffective in removing large amounts of these "humoral mediators" because the standard filtration flow through the membrane is less than 100 ml/min When the filtration flow through the membrane is increased to above 100ml/min, patients require a lesser dose of drugs to support their blood pressure which is an indirect sign that the filters are clearing some of the "humoral mediators" Even when the blood flow through standard filters is increased to above 100ml/min, there is still not optimal clearing of "humoral mediators" It is possible, however, that, using a different filter membrane with bigger holes in it, would make it easier to clear the blood of these "humoral mediators". It is thought that this would be noticeable clinically in the amount of drugs required to support blood pressure. A filter that has these bigger holes is now available. It is made of the same material as the standard filters that are currently used in the intensive care unit, only the holes have been made bigger to allow these "humoral mediators" to be removed from the blood. This polyamide filter is made of synthetic semipermeable material. This material is highly compatible with human blood. This modified polyamide filter is made of exactly the same compatible material but the holes in the material are slightly larger through a minor modification of the manufacturing process. This larger hole filter has now been used in preliminary studies in humans and has been found to reduce the blood levels of some "humoral mediators". Laboratory studies conducted by ourselves showed that this new filter can achieve the highest reported clearance of some of the "humoral mediators" with minimal effect on useful proteins in blood such as albumin during hemodialysis. This loss is very small and unlikely to contribute to any detectable clinical changes. We, therefore, now propose to study the effect of using new large hole filters with hemodialysis in patients with severe infections and acute kidney failure. We wish to compare the effect of this new therapy to that of standard filters. The new therapy will be considered to be effective if it lowers the amount of drugs used to support blood pressure and if it lowers the blood levels of some "humoral mediators" more than standard therapy. We will also monitor blood levels of important components of blood such as albumin and electrolytes in each group. This is a pilot study involving only 10 patients who will each receive 4 hours of the standard therapy and 4 hours of the new therapy. Which treatment the patient receives first will be random (like the tossing of a coin). Blood samples will be taken at the start and after 4 hours of each treatment. The waste product of dialysis called spent dialysate will also be collected for the measurement of humoral mediators at the start and after 4 hours of each treatment. The changes in blood pressure and drugs used to support it will be recorded hourly. As patients involved in the study would normally receive hemofiltration because of their kidney failure, all the risks and benefits associated with the procedure would be unchanged. The only risk to patients would come from exposure to a modified membrane and from having two additional spoonfuls of blood taken. If this new membrane were found to have a major effect on the blood level of "humoral mediators" and on the patients' blood pressure, further studies would then be justified to assess its clinical effects (time in ICU, time in hospital, time on ventilator, duration of organ failure, etc).

Although conventional hemodialysis removes waste products and corrects fluid imbalance, it does not replace critical absorptive, metabolic, endocrine, and immunologic functions performed by healthy renal tubule cells. This trial involving patients with acute renal failure evaluates the efficacy and safety of an extracorporeal renal assist device (RAD) containing human renal tubule cells connected to a conventional hemodialysis circuit. It is hypothesized that short-term (72-h) use of this cell therapeutic device will improve survival of ARF patients compared to patients receiving only conventional continuous renal replacement therapy.

During cardiorenal syndrome type 1 (CRS1) vascular congestion is the major contributor to worsening renal function, but promoting decongestion with routine clinical evaluation is ineffective in some patients. The venous evaluation by ultrasound (VExUS) may optimize its management when evaluating for improvement in kidney function and other metrics related to decongestion.

Acute kidney injury is common among ICU-admitted patients, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Early recognition is essential to prevent complications. In this study we aim to examine whether strict monitoring of urine output may reduce the incidence of acute kidney injury, allow for less positive fluid balance and reduce the clinical symptoms of fluid overload in ICU patients. Currently we monitor urine output using a Urinometer, with manual recording. From June 2022 we will begin routine use of an automated urine monitoring system in the ICU and test its effect on the parameters listed above. We will conduct a before-after retrospective intervention. The group of patients in whom the automated system will be used, from June 2022 to January 2024, will be the study group. The patients admitted to the ICU in the period between January 2021 and June 2022 will be the control group. We will include patients aged 18-100, who were admitted to the General Intensive Care Unit in Meir Medical Center from January 2021 to January 2024, and had admission time longer than 48 hours. Patients without a urinary catheter will not be included. The study will be conducted in the format of observational data collection from hospital files and computerized systems (Metavision system and Chameleon system). We estimate that we will include about 900 patients in the study group and about 900 in the control group. All demographic and inpatient data will be statistically examined by a qualified statistician depending on the type of data.

This is an exploratory study in a small, well controlled group of healthy subjects to explore the effect of CXA-10 on pravastatin and Vytorin® (combination of simvastatin and ezetimibe).

This will be the first-in-human (FIH) study with CXA-10. The main purpose of this trial is to demonstrate the tolerability, safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of CXA-10 at various incremental doses, and to demonstrate the safety and tolerability of the rate of the emulsion vehicle infusion in healthy volunteers. In addition, associated pharmacodynamic (PD) effects of CXA-10 will be investigated.

This study tests the hypothesis that ultrasound-guided PCI reduces contrast volume during the procedure.

The best timing for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) is unknown. The investigators will conduct a multicenter prospective randomized open-label trial to compare two strategies in ICU patients (mechanically ventilated and/or receiving catecholamine infusion) with severe AKI defined as RIFLE F classification. These patients will be randomly allocated to one of the following strategies: an "early" strategy where RRT is started immediately when a RIFLE F status is documented a "delayed" strategy where RRT (in patients who also present RIFLE F renal failure) is started only in case of occurrence of one or more of the following events ("Alert Criteria"): oliguria or anuria lasting for more than 72 hours after randomization, serum urea concentration > 40 mmol /L, serum potassium concentration > 6 mmol /L, serum potassium concentration > 5.5 mmol /L that persists despite well-conducted medical treatment with at least sodium bicarbonate and / or glucose-insulin infusion, arterial pH < 7.15 in the context of pure metabolic acidosis (PaCO2 <35 mmHg) or in the context of mixed acidosis with PaCO2> 50 mmHg without possibility of lowering this PaCO2 value, acute overload pulmonary edema generating severe hypoxemia requiring oxygen flow> 5L/min in spontaneously breathing patients or FiO2> 50% in mechanically (invasive or noninvasive) ventilated to maintain SpO2> 95%, despite diuretic therapy. The primary endpoint is overall survival, measured from the date of randomization to the date of death, regardless of the cause. The minimum duration of each patient's follow-up will be 60 days.

Following the concept of "peak concentration hypothesis", which suggest the cutting peak of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators would result in restoring a situation of immunohomeostasis. The investigators conducted the prospective randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the clearance efficacy between on-line hemodiafiltration and high-flux hemodialysis in sepsis-related acute kidney injury patients. The lowering cytokines level during sepsis is postulated to improved outcomes in sepsis.