Active clinical trials for "Renal Insufficiency"

RATIONALE: Studying samples of blood and tissue from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in DNA and identify biomarkers related to cancer. PURPOSE: This research study is studying biomarkers in blood and tumor tissue samples from patients with Wilms tumor.

The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled study is to investigate the effect of pretreatment with intravenous Alprostadil on the incidence of CIN in a high-risk population of patients with both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and CKD undergoing coronary angiography, and evaluate the influence of such potential benefit on short-term outcome.

A study to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of CP-690,550 in subjects with mild, moderate or severe renal impairment, who do not require hemodialysis, compared to healthy controls.

Arterial hypertension causes adverse effects on the entire cardiovascular system, with effects centrally such as diastolic dysfunction and structural changes of the left ventricle and, peripherally such as endothelial dysfunction and increased thickness of the vessels. Co-existing diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction, sleep apnea, etc. further aggravate the prognosis of these patients. In addition the rate of patients aged > 65 years suffering from un-diagnosed or diagnosed arterial hypertension was 78% for women and 64% for male patients. This population consists from elderly or very elderly patients (over 65 and 80 years respectively) who exhibit more comorbidities and probably less compliance with antihypertensive therapy. Finally, at every age the disease and its effects can affect the quality of life of patients. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy (irbesartan alone or in combination with amplodipine and carvedilol) on the cardiovascular system (diastolic left ventricular function, the function of the endothelium (FMD) and the thickness of the common carotid artery). The secondary objective of the study is to monitor the quality of life (Quality of Life - QoL) of patients. Additionally the investigators will seek the correlation of results with co-morbidities, compliance, and patient age.

Anyone who practices clinical medicine will understand that socially disadvantaged children will have worse health outcomes, no matter what the underlying condition might be. There is limited prospective data on the effects of social deprivation on children in BC and there is none concerning the effects of social deprivation on children with chronic diseases. In order to generate relevant data for those who manage children with chronic diseases in BC, the investigators wish to perform an observational study of the relationship between questionnaire-derived social variables and measured outcomes in children with cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Our working hypothesis is that there is an association between social determinants of health (income, education, race) and health outcomes in children with cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes and chronic renal failure, that is independent of access to health care (assessed by distance to nearest specialty clinic and number of clinic visits in the last year).

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of renal function and dialysis techniques on the percentage of senescent T lymphocytes.

Postoperative acute renal failure is a frequent complication after cardiac surgery. The current practice cannot predict Acute Kidney Injuries (AKI) early enough to reduce a significant kidney assault and prevent an organic dysfunction leading to cortical tubular necrosis. Several recent studies in cardiac surgery have shown that, both sonographic criteria, such as the Renal Resistive Index (IRR) and urinary biomarkers can predict AKI promptly. These urinary biomarkers are the 'tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases' (TIMP-2) and the 'insulin-like growth factor binding protein' (IGFBP7). These two proteins are sought noninvasively, directly in the urine, within the same test called 'NephroCheckTM'. These markers, ultrasonographic and biologic, have the advantage of being easy to perform, accessible and seem to have both high sensitivity and specificity to predict AKI promptly after cardiac surgery. Thus, the IRR and the NephroCheckTM test could become essential tests to guide clinicians in determining rapidly whether a patient will develop AKI. However, so far, no study has compared these markers yet. Therefore, the aim of this prospective observational study will be to compare the effectiveness of the IRR with the NephroCheckTM to predict AKI promptly after cardiac surgery. The secondary outcome will be to determine the threshold of these markers from which patients will be likely to develop AKI

The purpose of this study is to compare renal toxicity of Iodixanol and Iopromide in patients with renal dysfunction.

Diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) relies on a late marker, namely serum creatinine (SCr). New biomarkers are considered for early and sensitive detection of CIN. In particular, uNGAL has been used for early detection of AKI in the emergency department, after cardiopulmonary bypass or following CM administration. This study will be conducted to assess the possible value of urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (uNGAL) as an early detector of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in a large sized cohort of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary procedures (PCP) and whether or not uNGAL correlates with the volume of contrast medium (CM) used.

This study will assess whether dietary fiber supplements can reduce the production of chemicals which are produced by colon bacteria and normally excreted from the body by the kidney, but build up in the body in patients on hemodialysis.