Active clinical trials for "Renal Insufficiency"

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the anti-T cell antibody, Thymoglobulin is a more effective induction medication than the anti-IL-2R inhibitor daclizumab, in kidney transplant recipients who have a positive crossmatch with their live donor.

The study investigates the efficacy of a catheter with antibacterial surface coating in preventing central venous catheter related infection and the effect of an intensive hygiene and catheter care education of the nursing staff on preventing central venous catheter-related infection.

Contrast nephropathy (CN) remains a common complication of radiographic procedures and an important cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure. Only hydration with saline is uniformly accepted and used in clinical practice as a cornerstone for the prevention of CN. But the optimal preventive strategy for CN is not known. Sodium bicarbonate might be even more effective than hydration with sodium chloride for prophylaxis of CN. Therefore the aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of two regimens of sodium bicarbonate compared with a prolonged infusion of sodium chloride in the prevention of CN. Primary endpoint: Decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) within 48 hours.

This study is designed to evaluate the hemoglobin response to Aranesp® (darbepoetin alfa) in black subjects (African-Americans) with chronic renal failure (CRF) receiving hemodialysis and to examine the safety profile.

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of oral versus intravenous hydration in the prevention of the contrast-induced nephropathy.

Valganciclovir (VGCV) has recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment and prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in HIV patients. It is under review for the prevention of CMV disease following organ transplantation. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), the morpholinoethyl ester of mycophenolic acid (MPA) is currently the most widespread used immunosuppressant in kidney transplantation. These drugs exerts their effects by blocking the production of DNA primarily in lymphocytes. Recent studies have suggested that combining both MMF and GCV in vitro may have a beneficial effect on the treatment of CMV infections. However, the effect of these two drugs in combination on the effects of the immune system both in vitro and in vivo have not been studied. Preliminary studies in our lab show that a combination of these two drugs have an additive effect on the level of immunosuppression of both the growth and differentiation of progenitor bone marrow cells as well as lymphocyte proliferation. This study is designed to test patients degree of immune reactivity both on and off VGCV when used in combination with MMF. Patients will have blood drawn as several time points and an immune assay will be performed to show if VGCV when used in combination with MMF exerts immunosuppressive effects.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of alemtuzumab after kidney transplantation as part of a multitherapy regimen to prevent kidney graft loss and death and to avoid steroids and chronic use of calcineurin inhibitors in pediatric renal transplant recipients 1 to 20 years of age.

This study evaluates the efficacy of remote ischemic preconditioning on preventing contrast medium-induced nephropathy in a population of high risk patients undergoing coronary angiography. Half of participants will receive a preconditioning procedure while the other half will receive a sham procedure.

To assess the immunogenicity of the PCV13 (13 valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine) vaccine as compared to the PPV23 (23 valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine) vaccine in patients treated with chronic hemodialysis that are pre-immunized with the PPSV23 vaccine or are PPV23 vaccine naïve by measuring the ELISA and OPA (opsonophagocytic assay) titers after 4 and 52 weeks.

Background: End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients have an extremely high mortality and the leading cause of death is cardiovascular disease which accounts for 50% of all deaths. It is estimated that about one third is due to arrhythmias. Previous studies reveal a higher risk of various arrhythmias in dialysis patients but the prevalence is uncertain. Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia among patients with ESRD. The arrhythmia is often asymptomatic, but the risk of stroke increases dramatically and the annual mortality doubles. Autonomic cardiac dysfunction is often seen in patients with ESRD, and this is expressed by attenuated Heart Rate Variability (HRV) which is a measure of the variation in the time interval between heart beats. Attenuated 24 hours HRV is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death in the general population and among patients with ESRD. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in fish or fish oil supplements have been shown to increase HRV and reduce the risk of various ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias in some but not all studies, but this effect has only been sparsely investigated in the high risk patients with ESRD, who has a very low intake of n-3 PUFAs. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on HRV and arrhythmias in dialysis patients. Hypothesis: n-3 PUFA supplementation increases 24 hours HRV in dialysis patients. n-3 PUFA supplementation reduces the level of Supraventricular tachycardia, premature atrial complexes (PACs) and premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) in chronic dialysis patients. Design: Randomized double-blind, placebo controlled trial Study participants: 140 dialysis patients at Aalborg University Hospital and Vendsyssel Hospital, Hjørring in Denmark. Inclusion time: Summer 2014 to Fall 2015 Methods: The patients are allocated to 3 months treatment with supplements of 2 g n-3 PUFAs or placebo (olive oil). The following data are registered at baseline and after 3 months treatment: Demographics and medical history, Standard ECG-12, blood pressure, blood samples, 48 hours ambulatory ECG Holter recordings, Intake of n-3 PUFAs (assessed by questionnaires and blood measurements). Perspective: A positive result of this study might make it possible to achieve a reduction in arrhythmias and mortality in these high risk patients by a cheap and well tolerated nutritional supplement.