Active clinical trials for "Myocardial Reperfusion Injury"

Acute myocardial infarction is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) is currently the most effective treatment strategy in acute myocardial infarction. However, a sizable number of patients fail to restore optimal myocardial reperfusion, mostly because of the 'no-reflow' phenomenon. Melatonin is the chief indoleamine produced by the pineal gland, and a well-known antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Several studies have shown that melatonin protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). In our previous study, melatonin markedly reduced infarcted area, improved cardiac function and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release in rats. The investigators planned to research the cardioprotective effects of intravenous melatonin administered prior to reperfusion and continued after restoration of coronary blood flow in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing pPCI.

This study aims to determine the effect of intermittent normoxic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on inflammatory response, oxidative stress and myocardial reperfusion injury in adult patients undergoing valve replacement. The investigators hypothesized that nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) was involved in regulating gene expression of myocardial inflammatory factor.

The current study aims to evaluate different doses of PC-SOD injections for efficacy and safety in comparison to placebo, in order to provide a basis for future clinical trials in terms of experimental design and dose selection.

Open-heart surgery causes injury of the heart muscle. Although this is usually mild, temporary and reversible, if it is severe it can endanger life and require additional high cost care. During surgery, techniques are used to protect the heart from injury, but these remain imperfect. Patients with a thickened wall of the heart (left ventricular hypertrophy) may be at greater risk. This study assesses the effect of facilitating sugar metabolism (a more efficient fuel) by the heart muscle using the drug Perhexiline given before the operation. This treatment has a sound experimental basis for improving outcome. If this improvement is confirmed surgical results could be improved. The investigators will be studying heart function, heart muscle energy stores and chemicals which quantify the amount of heart muscle injury. The investigators' hypothesis is that Perhexiline will improve the protection of the heart by decreasing damage that may occur during heart surgery.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether remote ischemic preconditioning with postconditioning (RIPC+RIPostC) reduces myocardial injury and improves clinical outcomes in heart transplantation surgery.

The overall aim of this study is to examine the role of mitochondrial respiration in human diabetic tissue before and after ischemia. Furthermore we will examine the ability of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) to preserve the mitochondrial function and hemodynamic performance of both non-diabetic and diabetic fibers after ischemia. To increase our understanding on the metabolic changes during ischemia in both non-diabetic and diabetic tissue we will use Dimethyl Malonate and examine the impact of this blockade on post-ischemic mitochondrial respiration.

The study will analyze the incidence, clinical outcomes and predictors of myocardial injury in a large patient population with COVID-19 treated in Mount Sinai Hospital (MSH) system. In addition, the study team will explore the association between high-sensitivity troponin I (TnI) levels and clinical characteristics, biomarkers, cardiac tests data and treatment approaches to uncover the potential mechanisms responsible for COVID-19 induced myocardial injury.

In the last few years, anaesthetics gas such as isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane used in heart surgery have shown some benefits to reduce the risk of heart muscle damage than total intravenous anesthetics. A study by the investigators suggested that isoflurane needs a longer duration to achieve equilibrium between coronary sinus and radial artery, indicating that isoflurane in coronary sinus does not accurately reflect its level in the heart muscle. Different agents have unique characteristics with different equilibration rate. However, the levels of sevoflurane and desflurane in coronary sinus and radial artery have not been measured. In addition, lactate is believed to be a very useful indicator to predict the outcome of recovery phase after any surgery. This study aims to measure the level of sevoflurane or desflurane in blood circulation. It will also assess whether sevoflurane or desflurane concentration in the blood is correlated to the its oxygenator exhaust level and affected by temperature, haematocrit level and gas flow rate during heart-lung machine. It also aims to examine the association of lactate and the outcomes of cardiac patient in intensive care unit after cardiac surgery.

Assessment of myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury during off- and on- pump CABG.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Adipokines Cardiac Protection in Obese Patients With acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Who Have Undergone Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI).