Active clinical trials for "Infertility"

The investigators propose to treat couples who wish to have a child in which the man is HIV-positive and the woman is HIV-negative. The investigators call these couples HIV-discordant. On the average, an HIV-positive man, who does not participate in high-risk activities, will transmit HIV to a female partner one in every one thousand acts of intercourse without a condom. To reduce transmission of HIV, HIV-discordant couples are counseled to avoid intercourse altogether, or to use condoms during every act of intercourse. In order to have a child, these patients can use donor insemination. If they wish to have a natural child of the infected man, they can use a combination of medication of the man to reduce the amount of virus in his semen, and condom use except at the time of ovulation when the woman produces an egg. This reduces the chance of infecting the woman, but studies have shown that about 4% of women will be infected with HIV using this approach. Alternatively, they can use vitro fertilization (IVF) with intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in which eggs are collected from the woman after hormone-stimulation and are fertilized in the laboratory by injecting a single washed sperm from her husband into each egg. The resulting embryos can be transferred to the wife's uterus and/or frozen for later use. These procedures are believed to minimize the risk of HIV transmission (although the number of cases is low), but IVF-ICSI is very expensive and are not an option for everyone. A simpler method used for over 15 years in Europe is to collect the man's semen, wash the sperm in the laboratory, and test the sperm sample for HIV before placing it in the woman's uterus (intrauterine insemination; IUI). Although the risk of HIV transmission to the woman is presumably not zero with this method, over 4000 inseminations reported have not resulted in infection of any female patients or resulting children.

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes between fresh embryo and frozen embryo transfer in in vitro fertilization (IVF). All frozen embryo was vitrified at pronuclear stage (2PN) and cultured to cleavage embryos for transfer. This is a retrospective study. All IVF cycles were included in this study and further divided into fresh and frozen embryo transfer groups. The collection data including: stimulation protocols, medicines, blood test results, pregnancy test and all clinical data. The primary outcome is pregnancy rate and secondary outcome is implantation rate.

The investigators aim to evaluate the width of the endometrial myometrial zone in participants during natural menstrual cycle by using specific computerized application on 3 dimensions sonographic images of their uteri.

There has been a recent significant increase in the frozen embryo replacement (FER) cycles due to freeze-all cycles to decrease the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Now a days making frozen embryo transfers (FETs) a viable alternative to fresh embryo transfer

Mode of delivery affects the success rate of assisted reproductive techniques (ART). In this case study, the investigators will evaluate changes in the bacterial ecology and inflammatory markers of the female uterus with different delivery modes. We will investigate whether the dominate endometrial microflora is interrupted by the Cesarean section in the infertile women undergoing ART, and the potential mechanism will also be further explored prospectively.

Donor sperm provides a viable option for patients with significant male factor infertility. However, since the source of sperm is not from the male partner, the psychological burden of these couples is more pronounced and complex than other patients.The purpose of this study is to investigate the stress faced by participants undergoing assisted reproduction with donor sperm and to further investigate its impact on pregnancy outcomes.

Infertility is a common problem, affecting perhaps one couple in six, the majority of whom now seek medical care. It is becoming a social challenge because it is responsible for personal and interpersonal discomfort and anxiety. A major obstacle to meaningful study of the epidemiology of male infertility is the difficulty in accurate diagnosis of the presence or absence of a problem. Traditionally, the diagnosis of male infertility is facilitated by the conventional assessment of the semen profile - constructed according to recognized guidelines (i.e. WHO) and including pH, cell count and motility - but no specific biomarkers are available. We sought to determine the oxysterol and fatty acid lipidome with the ai of finding a lipid biomarker useful for the diagnosis of male infertility.

1000 women with infertility who are already decided to be treated with ICSI will be subjected to full history taking and clinical examination. On the second day of menstruation serum FSH, LH, Prolactin and Oestradiol will be assessed and the antral follicular count (AFC) will be assessed using a vaginal ultrasound scan. AFC will be defined as the number of follicles measuring 3-10mm. All patients will have standard pituitary down-regulation followed by (Human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) stimulation until the day of (Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration. On the day of HCG administration, ovarian ultrasound scan will be performed using a transvaginal probe and the Preovulatory follicle count (PC) will be assessed, (PFC) is defined as number of follicles measuring≥16mm. Follicular sensitivity index (FSI) will be calculated as: (FSI =PFC*10000/AFC*Total dose of FSH)

The purpose of this study to evaluate a low cost minimal stimulation protocol combined with Intravaginal Culturing, to make IVF affordable and available across the large infertile/subfertile population

The etiology of infertility in the majority of patients with poor response to ovarian stimulation remains unknown. This study will investigate the role of immune cells (T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and NK cells), that constitute the immune system which normally fights infection and cancer. We, the investigators, have found that specialized NK cells that help with new blood vessel formation, are found in the fluid surrounding the egg during IVF, only in patients with good response to ovarian stimulation. We now wish to expand our studies and correlate our findings to ovarian blood flow , as measured by 3D ultrasound and to the presence of other cells in the immune system.