Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Aspiration"

This clinical research study will investigate the effects of 6 weeks of inspiratory muscle strength training on metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in adults with recent-onset type 2 diabetes.

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of single dose analgesia in combination with local anesthesia to control pain during Trans Ultrasound guided procedures. It also aims to assess the effect of its use on procedure performance time and rate of complications occurrence compared to local anesthesia alone.

Investigate the effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) performed during hemodialysis (HD) procedures in patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). With intervention of thirty-six IMT sessions, performed three times a week, at an intensity of 50%, 30% and 10% (sham) of the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP).

This clinical research study will investigate the dose of inspiratory muscle strength training needed to maintain cardiovascular adaptations induced by a six-week loading dose.

The purpose of this clinical study is to compare the use of an essential oil inhalation patch in medical surgical nurses on perceived burn-out and stress. The main question is can essential oil inhalation patches decrease perceived burn-out and stress. Participants will Take part in the study over 30 days, alternating weeks, resulting in each participant using six patches over six shifts. Complete anonymous Perceived Stress Survey (PSS) before the study begins and at the conclusion of the study. Participants will also complete a (different) survey after two weeks.

Evaluation of the effect of CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure ) treatment in PAH (pulmonary arterial hypertension) and CTEPH (chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension) patients suffering from sleep disordered breathing.

To compare the efficacy and safety profiles of Beclomethasone dipropionate Inhalation Aerosol, 40 mcg (test product) and QVAR 40 mcg (beclomethasone dipropionate HFA), Inhalation Aerosol (reference product) and to demonstrate that the efficacy of the 2 active products is superior to that of placebo in the treatment of subjects with asthma.

In premature infants, apnea of prematurity is one of their major clinical problems. Caffeine is currently a worldwide therapy to reduce the number and severity of these apneas. This practice has shown to be safe on cognitive and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 21 months of age. However, caffeine is not 100% effective, and may have little effect on hypoxemia and bradycardia. Infants with intractable apneas unresponsive to caffeine treatment may require endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. This procedure is invasive and has been associated with complications and increased risk for chronic lung disease and adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Therefore, an alternative treatment modality would be preferable if it would prevent the infants from requiring endotracheal intubation. The investigators have been testing the overall hypothesis that small concentrations of inhaled CO2 (~1%) are effective in treating apnea of prematurity. The investigators have completed three studies in preterm infants showing that inhalation of low concentration of CO2, in infants not on caffeine, regularize breathing and decrease apneas significantly. The effects of inhalation of CO2 in infants already on caffeine, are unknown. The hypothesis to be tested is that inhalation of low concentration CO2 (1%) will significantly reduce apnea in infants treated with caffeine. The investigators have three specific aims in this proposal. 1) the investigators want to know if the apnea rate (number of apneas of ≥5 seconds/hour) is decreased with CO2 inhalation in preterm infants already on caffeine for the treatment of apnea of prematurity; 2) the investigators want to know whether inhalation of CO2 can make breathing more regular with less apneic time and whether it decreases prolonged apneas (>20 seconds) in infants already on caffeine for the treatment of apnea of prematurity; 3) the investigators want to assess the effect of inhalation of low concentration of CO2 on the regional oxygen saturation of the brain measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during apneas. This is to see whether CO2, by protecting cerebral blood flow, minimizes the decrease in cerebral oxygenation during apneas. This study entails a new and possibly more physiological method of treating apneas of prematurity that can be added to the present treatment of caffeine. These two treatments together, could minimize the number and severity of apneas and possibly decrease the need for mechanical ventilation in preterm infants.

Lung infections are a chronic problem for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Some patients with CF may have a type of bacteria called Pseudomonas aeruginosa in their lungs that can cause infections or make their symptoms worse. Tobramycin inhalation solution (TOBI) is an approved antibiotic, which is inhaled directly into the lungs, and can be used to manage these infections. Tobramycin inhalation powder (TIP) is a new, experimental powder formulation of tobramycin that is inhaled directly into the lungs using a T-326 inhaler. The purpose of this research study is to determine if TIP is safe and effective when compared to placebo (a powder with no medicine) treatment.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a life-threatening lung disease characterized by progressive deterioration of lung function and a median survival time of 3-5 years from diagnosis. The onset of an acute deterioration (AE) of respiratory function, the so called acute exacerbation of IPF (AE-IPF), may lead to severe hypoxemia, further worsening prognosis. During these events, the typical usual interstitial pneumonia pattern (UIP) - the radiologic and histologic hallmark of IPF- is overlapped with diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), sharing similarities with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and often requiring respiratory assistance. Several studies show that the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) is associated with high mortality in IPF patients, probably due to the pathophysiological properties of UIP-like fibrotic lung (i.e. collapse induration areas, elevated lung elastance, high inhomogeneity) that make it more susceptible to ventilatory-induced lung injury (VILI). It has been theorized that the application of PEEP on a UIP-like lung pattern can determine the protrusion of the most distensible areas through a dense anelastic fibrotic tissue circles, causing increased rigidity, worsening compliance, and thus enabling tissue breakdown. In this scenario, non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) may therefore represent an alternative option to assist these patients, although no specific recommendations have been made so far. In patients with ARDS, the efficacy of NIV in reducing the patient's inspiratory effort early after its application has been related to a favorable clinical outcome. Indeed, the mitigation of respiratory drive might have resulted in a lower risk for the self-inflicted lung injury (SILI) during spontaneous breathing, whose onset is very likely to worse outcomes of patients undergoing acute respiratory failure (ARF). To date no data available on the inspiratory effort and the lung mechanics in patients with AE-IPF either during unassisted of assisted spontaneous breathing. Aim of this study was then to compare respiratory mechanics, at baseline and 2-h following NIV application, in AE-IPF and ARDS patients matched for severity.