Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Aspiration"

The aim of the study is to determine optimal management of isolated fast breathing in young infants in a trial design conducted in primary care settings. The investigators hypothesized that proportion of infants who fail therapy will be 4% in each group. A 6% or less difference in failure rate will be considered equivalent.

Nonintubated anesthesia applied in combination with high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is an alternative strategy for laryngeal microsurgery (LMS). LMS is a common procedure in otolaryngology that typically requires endotracheal tube intubation under general anesthesia. Endotracheal tube intubation causes complications; a nonintubated strategy can avoid these complications and provide a clearer surgical field of vision, enabling vocal cord inspection and disposal. Administering a muscle relaxant can also help prevent bucking during surgery but can engender apnea and hypercapnia, which may have negative effects on hemodynamics. Therefore, the investigators assessed the effectiveness of a superior laryngeal nerve block (SLNB) with intravenous general anesthesia in maintaining spontaneous breathing and improving safety during LMS with nonintubated anesthesia.

In this study, the effect of inspiratory muscle training on diaphragmatic functions will be investigated radiologically in mechanically ventilated patients.

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrosing progressive interstitial lung disease with unknown etiology, with a median survival of 3 years since first diagnosis. The typical radiologic pattern of the disease is usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) defined by basal and peripheral (subpleural) predominance and a typical cystic degeneration of lung parenchyma (honeycombing), interstitial fibrotic thickening and traction bronchiectasis. Despite the recent introduction of two antifibrotic treatments (Pirfenidone and Nintendanib) which proved to be successful in slowing the decline of pulmonary function in patients with IPF, a benefit of these therapies on average survival remains yet to be demonstrated. A significant part of patients affected by IPF die due to progressive worsening of respiratory failure, often accelerated by the insurgence of acute events, like acute exacerbations. Processes leading to the development and progression of IPF are not yet completely understood. We might hypothesize a regenerative deficit in the lungs of subjects affected, due to a dysregulation of repair mechanism in response to repeated damage (inflammatory, mechanics, infectious, chemical) to the alveolar and vascular epithelium. Moreover, mechanism of damage caused by aging in tissues, with a dysfunction in resident stem cell, might contribute to progression. Patients with IPF undergo mechanical alterations of respiratory system due to progressive restrictive deficit caused by reduction in total lung capacity. This functional alteration generates an ineffective and superficial ventilation due to the waste of the majority inspiratory effort spent in ventilating dead anatomical space. When physical effort occurs, the increased ventilatory necessity and the inability to compensate due to functional impairment leads to increased inspiratory effort and subsequent increase in negative intrathoracic pressure. Recent studies have demonstrated how exerting a pressure (for example when the patient is mechanically ventilated) on lung tissue of subjects with IPF and UIP pattern can generate damage due to unfavorable mechanism of mechanotransduction caused by the pathological behavior of fibrotic lung (''squishy ball lung''). Studies investigating inspiratory effort during spontaneous breathing and respiratory failure highlighted how negative values of intrathoracic pressure might induce self induced lung injury. Respiratory effort can be quantified measuring esophageal pressure through a pressure transducer inserted with a nasogastric tube in the inferior third part of the esophagus. Measuring esophageal pressure is a precise and accurate way of quantifying inspiratory effort, however its use in daily clinical practice is limited by invasiveness of the maneuver, high cost and need for specific clinical training. Physiological studies show that nasal pressure measured at the entrance of the nostril might correlate with esophageal pressure and therefore estimate inspiratory effort of the patient in a noninvasive way. The goal of our study is to evaluate the role of respiratory effort during spontaneous breathing as a potential source of mechanical damage (hence favoring disease progression) in subjects with IPF and UIP pattern. The study aims to identify patient with an unfavorable mechanical phenotype defined by the simultaneous presence of UIP pattern and elevated inspiratory effort after physical activity.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the home-based inspiratory muscle training program on lung functions, dyspnea, inspiratory muscle strength, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Patients are evaluated before the inspiratory muscle training and after 8 weeks of training.

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of experience of dental sedation at assessment on children's anxiety before the actual treatment session.

Investigate the effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training on the physical performance and cardiorespiratory variables of wheelchair basketball players.

A SINGLE CENTER, SINGLE DOSE, OPEN-LABEL, RANDOMIZED, TWO PERIOD CROSSOVER STUDY TO DETERMINE THE BIOEQUIVALENCE OF TWO INHALATION FORMULATIONS CONTAINING BUDESONIDE 200 µg ADMINISTERED AS 3 PUFFS (TOTAL DOSE OF 600 µg) IN AT LEAST 52 HEALTHY MALES AND FEMALES UNDER FASTING CONDITIONS The study objective is to determine whether the inhaled test product, budesonide 200 µg (pressurized inhalation suspension) and the inhaled reference product, Budesonida Pulmictan® 200 µg (budesonide; pressurized inhalation suspension) are bioequivalent. For this purpose the PK profile of budesonide will be compared after administration of a single dose of 600 µg (3 puffs) of each of the two inhalation formulations, under fasting conditions.

To assess the effectiveness of the Buteyko method as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of asthmatic children with mouth breathing.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome affects up to 5% of the general population. The prevalence is multiplied by 13 in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Many studies have shown that OSA syndrome was the main risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (RR = 9.1 [95%, 2.6 to 31.2]). If the value of treatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in symptomatic CAD patients (daytime sleepiness and/or 2 clinical symptoms with Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) ≥ 20) appears to be established, treatment with CPAP in asymptomatic CAD patients (with AHI> 30) may be too demanding. Alternative treatments are rare and results are highly variable. Therefore, it would be interesting to suggest other treatment modalities with moderate coronary and/or minimally symptomatic OSA syndrome.