Active clinical trials for "Sarcopenia"

This study involves minimally-invasive techniques to measure muscle mass, muscle protein breakdown and synthesis simultaneously in older age.

Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, and is related to worse clinical outcomes, physical impairment, and mortality in all healthcare settings. This nutrition-related syndrome is a reversible condition, and can be effectively counteracted by exercise and nutritional support. The prevalence of sarcopenia varies widely depending on the criteria, methods, and cut-off points used for its assessment. Although the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) recommended assessing sarcopenia in geriatric patients in all care settings, few studies addressing hospitalized older patients have been carried out, mainly due to the characteristics of acute healthcare settings and their in-patients and because the criteria used are difficult to carry out there. Therefore, this condition remains under-recognized in the setting where this disease is likely to be more present. Sarcopenia is expected to be a major healthcare problem in the upcoming years in Europe so, in response to this claim for Public Health Action, the European Union Geriatric Medicine Society founded the Special Interest Group (SIG) on sarcopenia that has taken the lead of bridging the gaps between clinical and research in sarcopenia field, in line with the Conference on Frailty and Sarcopenia Research Task Force, and the World Health Organization's strategies to promote Optimal Aging. This goal of SIG on sarcopenia by EuGMS is being carried out by promotion of collaboration among International scientific societies and institutions; they have recently launched the Revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis (EWGSOP2), the SARCUS project on ultrasound for sarcopenia assessment in European countries, and the first International Registry of patients with sarcopenia. This study aims to provide an overview of sarcopenia assessment older patients hospitalized in acute-care geriatric units. This is a longitudinal, prospective, observational study in consecutive hospitalized patients in the CHU Brugmann Hospital. This study has 5 objectives : To determine prevalence of sarcopenia among hospitalized patients in CHU Brugmann. To determine incidence of sarcopenia during the hospital stay. To identify risk factors for the development of sarcopenia at the time of admission and during hospitalization. To assess sarcopenia as a risk factor for clinical adverse outcomes during hospitalization (hospital-acquired infections, falls, delirium, longer length-of-stay, disability, and mortality). To assess sarcopenia as a risk factor for clinical adverse outcomes post-discharge (institutionalization, hospitalizations, falls, disability, and mortality) at 3- and 12-month follow-up.

Older adults are at risk for developing sarcopenia, or age-related muscle loss, which increased the risk of disabilities, falls, and loss of independence. Many older adults do not consume enough protein each day to maintain their muscle mass and this study aims to investigate if consumption daily egg white protein supplement can help maintain muscle mass and functionality in community-dwelling older adults. Food insecure older adults that attend congregate nutrition sites will be targeted.

This study explores the risk factors for sarcopenia in patients with chronic kidney disease and the effects of sarcopenia on cardiovascular disease. Treatment of sarcopenia and cardiovascular complications provides a basis for improving the quality of life and survival of patients with chronic kidney disease.

Heart transplantation is the best way to treat terminal heart failure, which can improve the quality and life expectancy of patients, as well as contribute to their social and labor rehabilitation. Actually, the procedure of heart transplantation is a complex procedure that requires the coordinated work of cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, anesthetists, perfusionist, nurses, as well as the administration of medical organizations. It is known that the restriction of motor activity in patients with heart failure leads to a loss of muscle mass, as well as a decrease in its strength and endurance. In patients with heart failure, the low functional status of skeletal muscle is associated with poor prognosis, regardless of gender, age, and concomitant coronary heart disease. Optimization of drug therapy and appropriate use of resynchronization therapy can improve functional status, as can patient engagement in exercise. Although exercise is recommended as a component of heart failure management, adherence is consistently low. This is particularly troubling because exercise has great potential as a low-risk, low-cost intervention to improve functional status and quality of life while decreasing heart failure symptoms and hospitalizations in patients with heart failure. Low adherence is due in part to inadequate strength and inability to tolerate or sustain even low levels of activity. In this study, we propose to use neuromuscular electrical stimulation to assist patient initiation of quadriceps strengthening in order to progressively increase low exercise tolerance.

Skeletal muscle accounts for approximately 45-55% of total body mass in healthy adults and plays a pivotal role in whole-body metabolic health, locomotion and physical independence. Undesirable loss of skeletal muscle mass (atrophy) is, however, a common feature of many diseases and scenarios including ageing, bed rest/immobilisation, cancer and physical inactivity. Despite the exact mechanisms causing muscle atrophy being not yet fully understood, "anabolic resistance" (reduced muscle building in response to protein feeding and exercise) is thought to be key, especially for age-related skeletal muscle losses (known as sarcopenia). As such, the search for optimal strategies (e.g., exercise and/ or nutritional interventions) to combat this anabolic blunting remains a hot-topic in scientific research. Leucine, an essential and branched chain amino acid (EAA/BCAA), is thought to be the most potent AA for stimulating muscle protein synthesis (MPS; the muscle building process). Although, as a stand-alone supplement, leucine is unlikely to provoke a robust and prolonged state of MPS, low doses of leucine-enriched mixed-EAAs can elicit similar increases in MPS as compared to a large dose of whey protein. As reduced appetite and increased satiety (feeling fuller) are common with advancing age, supplementation of a low-dose protein (i.e., leucine-enriched) that can adequately stimulate MPS may contribute to muscle health maintenance in older adults and reduce satiation following a meal. This study aims to examine whether a novel whey protein with greater leucine content ("super-whey") has superior muscle building properties compared to a regular whey protein, at rest and after a single bout of exercise, in both young and older adults

Sarcopenia is a geriatric condition characterized by a progressive decrease in skeletal muscle content and loss of muscle function. Resistance exercise, Taichi exercise and the hybrid exercise program consisting of the two aforementioned methods have been demonstrated could increase the skeletal muscle mass of the elderly with sarcopenia. However, note that the above contents may be performed in a different order in a treatment, equally important but less well understood is the sequence in which it should be performed. Surprisingly, the exercise sequence has not been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, investigators designed a self-ordered exercise program combining resistance exercise, tai chi and a hybrid exercise program to investigate whether the decline in skeletal muscle area could be better overcome and the reversal of sarcopenia in elderly with sarcopenia.

The aims of this study are to establish the cohort of elder population based on parameters of health-related fitness, body compositions, blood biochemistry, blood biomarker, balance, quality of life, and musculoskeletal ultrasonography; and to evaluate the association between fitness parameters and disease incidence with those data.

Sarcopenia is defined as a loss in skeletal muscle mass and function (strength and/or performance). There is a high prevalence in elderly and in patients with cancer. Several mechanisms are known to explain sarcopenia (inflammation, neurodegenerative process, hormonal disorders, lack of exercise, malnutrition). The consequences were analysed in several studies where sarcopenia appeared to be an independent factor of mortality, and associated with cancer-related fatigue, nosocomial infections, cardio-vascular diseases, and chemotherapy toxicities. Diagnosis is based on the measure of the muscle mass performing an abdominal computed-tomography (CT) scan, and on the measure of the muscle strength using the handgrip test with a "Jamar®" hydraulic hand dynamometer. CT scan is more invasive and less easy to reach than handgrip test. This test is used to be performing in elderly but not in cancer patients having chemotherapy. Present prospective study explored the feasibility of systematic handgrip strength testing and short-term changes in muscle strength in digestive cancer patients treated by chemotherapy.

This pilot study aims to investigate whether high intensity interval training can result in rapid improvements in physical fitness amongst the frail elderly (over 70 years old). Participants will undergo a wide range of physical fitness measures followed by a four week exercise protocol. Determination of improvement will be by repeated testing of the physical measures taken for baseline. The primary outcome measure will be anaerobic threshold. There will also be a subgroup of participants who will undergo muscle biopsy and D2O ingestion to allow an insight into the mechanistic basis behind exercise training response in this age group.