Active clinical trials for "Coinfection"

This study will determine the influence of doxycycline treatment against Wolbachia/M. perstans on immunity against concomitant mycobacterial infections in healthy M. perstans infected individuals. In this regard, the investigators will perform a community-based randomized controlled trial (Phase 2a) in Asante Akim North District. A cohort of 200 participants who are contacts of patients with Tuberculosis or Buruli ulcer, of both sexes with no clinical condition requiring long-term medication but connected with Mansonella perstans will be investigated for the effect of doxycycline on microfilaria, the immune response and development of mycobacterial disease.

Patients infected by HIV or HIV-HCV coinfected have higher survival due to the use of HAART, but survival is accompanied by increased morbidity and associated cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of atherogenesis, acting as an intermediate in the causal pathway of CVD. Folinic acid (FA) has been shown to reduce CVD outcomes, especially among individuals with hyperhomocisteinemia. To date, few studies provided consistent information about efficacy of pharmacological interventions that minimize damage to the vascular endothelium in patients infected by HIV or HIV-HCV coinfected. The main hypothesis of this study is that FA supplementation protects the vascular endothelium, and consequently might prevent subclinical atherosclerosis. Thus, the first step is to determine the efficacy of supplementation with FA, and to compare the effect between HIV and HIV-HCV coinfected.

HYPOTHESIS: The investigators hypothesize that sonoelastography (SE) provide accurate quantitative measurements that can be used to stage liver fibrosis in pediatric patients with chronic liver disease. Specific Aims: To measure liver stiffness with sonoelastography in pediatric and adolescents with suspect diffuse liver disease who will undergo nonfocal liver biopsy as part of their routine clinical care.

This study assesses topics as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), and cancer screening methods. The focus will be on evaluating feasibility of implementing novel cancer screening modalities in a low-resource setting in Guinea-Bissau and further to estimate the prevalence of the precancerous virus HPV amongst women living with HIV. In the study we will collect urinary and vaginal self-samples for HPV testing, and further evaluate the feasibility of implementing the devices as screening modalities through questionnaires given to the women.

This data collection study aims to describe and compare the outcomes of Mpox on people living with HIV (PLHIV) and HIV-negative individuals who are on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The study also aims to identify risk factors for specific Mpox outcomes.

Effective all-oral medications are finally available to cure hepatitis C virus, which affects more than 4 million Americans and one-in-four people living with HIV. However, many barriers exist that prevent people with HIV/HCV co-infection from getting this curative treatment, including low knowledge, competing demands, and drug interactions with HIV medications. This study evaluates if a hepatitis C nurse case management intervention in an HIV primary care clinic will improve patient attendance to hepatitis C care and help people start hepatitis C treatment earlier. Half of the participants will receive brief case management with a nurse, while the other half will receive usual clinic care.

This study will evaluate the effect of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) treatment on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and renal safety of tenofovir in the form of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). Subjects living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who are receiving tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy (in the form of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate [TDF]), and are also taking a ritonavir- or cobicistat-boosted protease inhibitor will be invited to participate. The study will consist of five visits: a screening visit, three abbreviated 4-hour pharmacokinetic visits, and one end-of-study follow-up visit. Subjects will also be asked to use a Wisepill device, which will track medication adherence throughout the study.

Food insecurity can contribute to poor adherence to both tuberculosis treatment and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Interventions that target food insecurity have the potential to improve treatment adherence and decrease mortality. The goals of this study were to determine the cost, feasibility, acceptability, and potential impact of implementing nutritional support to improve adherence and treatment completion among HIV-TB co-infected adults in the Casamance region of Senegal, West Africa.

Rationale: The co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) diseases presents further problems to patient's adherence due to high pill burden and adverse effects in the drug combination therapy. This situation is also a risk of the increase of multi-drug resistant TB and may affect the quality of life of patients. However, the prevalence of non-adherence has not been studied much in these patients in Indonesia, especially in West Java with several HIV patients who are still struggling with TB as their opportunistic infection. Pharmacist interventions in several studies have resulted in a better outcome of patients' therapy, especially in patients who need long-term adherence and compliance with drug treatment. It is hypothesized that patients' quality of life of HIV-TB co-infection patients will be improved with the intervention conducted by the pharmacist. Objective: In general, the study aimed to evaluate the utility of study participants with specific aims to describe the number of DRP and interventions applied, to describe drug concentration in selected participants (TB drugs: Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide), to compare changes of CD4+ cell counts and plasma HIV RNA (viral load) between baseline and after of intervention, to assess participants compliance and persistence to medication therapy, and descriptive analysis on the direct and indirect costs. Study design: This is a prospective, cluster-randomized study with a stepped-wedge design. Clusters correspond to participating centers. A randomly selected center is crossed-over into the intervention with calculation after the start of inclusions within 6-months follow-up in 3 different clinics in Indonesia (Bekasi City Public Hospital, Persahabatan Public Hospital Jakarta and Cipto Mangunkusumo general hospital). Intervention: Interventions are given by a pharmacist as a drug consultant is an intervention concerning the drug treatment of HAART and anti-TB. Monthly, patients will have a discussion regarding their medication and drug-related problems they experience. The pharmacist will identify drug-related problems before and during treatment and solve the problems. Main study parameters/endpoints: change from baseline utility (quality of life) at 6 months Secondary endpoints: changes from baseline in CD4+, VL, adherence, persistence at 6 months and total costs.

The proposed studies will examine the extent of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between alcohol and various antiretroviral therapies in those with HIV/AIDS, HIV/HCV co-infection, mild HCV and healthy subjects.