Active clinical trials for "Shock, Septic"

There is debate regarding the use of non invasive (ultrasound assessed) parameters of fluid volume status in patients with sepsis. To establish the role of inferior vena cava ultrasound in guiding fluid resuscitation we first need to define the inferior vena cava collapsibility index in this population of patients. The research question is: In adult patients with sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock what is the mean baseline inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI) prior to fluid resuscitation.

The purpose of this study is to learn how blood clotting substances respond in children with septic shock, low platelet counts, and multiple organ failure (MOF) treated at different institutions. Multiple organ failure can be related to an infection producing "septic shock," in which substances released in the blood cause poor blood flow to the organs. The number of platelets circulating in your child's blood stream is also decreased (this is called "thrombocytopenia") as a result of this condition. Research has shown that certain substances in the part of the blood known as plasma (the clear liquid part of the blood not including the red blood cells but holding blood clotting factors) can cause the organs to work poorly. The investigators would like to compare these blood responses in children with this condition, receiving a variety of different treatments, for multiple organ failure in other medical centers around the world. The investigators hope to enroll 80 patients into the study.

Persistence of a marked compensatory anti-inflammatory innate immune response after an insult is termed immunoparalysis. There is no biomarker available to determine the immune status of patient. Thus, the need for early and definite diagnosis of immune status of patient with sepsis, as well as the identification of patients at risk of evolving with severe organ dysfunctions, is crucial. Most important of all, speed is the key to survival. Therefore, it of crucial importance to identify which patient characteristic determines the poor prognosis. Early intervention can improve the prognosis. Investigators foresee an urgent need to identify predictors for mortality in severe sepsis, including clinical factors or immune status. Recently, the PIRO model has been proposed as a way of stratifying septic patients according to their Predisposing condition, the severity of Infection, the Response to therapy and the degree of Organ dysfunction. The immune status may be associated with above model. However, there is paucity data addressing this issue. In this study, investigators will also analyze the progression of patient condition during treatment and the associated immune status change. In the future, Investigators hope the determination of immune status may contribute to this model of classification rather than just being used as prognostic markers. Despite the advances in the knowledge of the basic processes that trigger and sustain the systemic inflammatory response in sepsis, the search for a "magic bullet" to treat this syndrome has been frustrating. The incidence of severe sepsis and septic shock still remains quite high, as does its mortality, which has decreased very little over the past decades.

Sepsis is an acute pathology defined as an inappropriate response of the host to infection, resulting in the onset of organ failure (Quick SOFA ≥2, or SOFA ≥2). Septic shock is a sepsis associated with an elevation of lactate ≥ 2 mmol / l and an arterial hypotension requiring vasoactive drugs. Several studies highlighted that sepsis is associated with a plasma L-arginine deficiency. This deficiency induces a lower availability of L-arginine for multiple metabolic pathways including those involved in the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) in the vascular endothelium via NO synthase. NO is the main endogenous vasodilator mediator, a lower synthesis induces a vascular and endothelial dysfunction that can promote the occurrence of an organic dysfunction during sepsis. Decrease in available NO was confirmed in patients with sepsis and appears correlated with severity. L-arginine deficiency can have multiple origins: L-arginine deficiency resulting from a decrease in endogenous production from citrulline synthesized by the enterocytes. Such enterocyte dysfunction has been confirmed in patients with sepsis and is characterized biologically by elevated plasma levels of I-FABP (intestinal fatty acid binding protein - enterocyte-specific protein, cytolysis marker) and lower than that of citrulline (hypocitrullinemia, marker of lower activity). L-arginine deficiency may also result from a catabolism increase via arginase activity increased. This ubiquitous enzyme, having 2 isoforms (Arg1 and Arg2), allows the synthesis of urea and ornithine from L-arginine. An increase in arginase activity would decrease the available reserves of L-arginine for NO synthesis. The objectives of this work is to evaluate, in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock, the prognostic value of the plasma arginase activity and the plasma expression of 2 isoforms Arg1 and Arg2, their kinetics, and the link between activity / expression of arginase and enterocyte dysfunction.

The study aims to determine how historical cases of respiratory abnormalities are documented by clinicians in the electronic health records (EHR) of Memorial Hermann Healthcare System (MHHS) inpatient facilities. The knowledge gained from this study will support the design of modern data-driven surveillance approach to continuously collect, monitor and timely recognize postoperative respiratory abnormalities using electronic healthcare recorded data.

Compare the microcirculatory reactivity before and after a 30-minute intravenous infusion of 40 mg/kg vitamin C and evaluate intra-individual variation of hemodynamic parameters between T0 and T1.

Septic shock is a clinical syndrome occurring in 10 to 20% of patients admitted in ICV. Mortality associated to septic shock varies from 30 to 50%. It follows a systemic response of the organism to a severe infection, associated with a circulatory failure marker by an arterial hypotension and a vascular hyperactivity to vasoconstrictor agents. The mechanisms involved on one hand an activation of white blood cells inflammatory system and the vascular inflammatory system; and on the other hand on imbalance in hemostatis characterized by an activation of the coagulation and an inappropriate fibrinolysis leading to a disruption of microcirculation in the context of a disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIVC). This inflammatory and thrombotic cellular activation is strongly associated with the phenomenon of vesiculation; leading to the production of cellular microparticles (MP) by blood cells and vascular cells. MP are membranous vesicles, resulting in the reassortment of membrane phospholides in response to an activation of cellular apoptosis. They have been initially described as new actors of hemostatis. Indeed, the expression of phospholipid serine and tissular factor (TF) confer them a procoagulating activity, which increases in patients undergoing septic shock. The finding of a fibriniolytic activity of the cellular MP suggests the existence of compensating mechanisms with a procoagulating activity. This confers to MP a key-role in the control of the coagulolytic balance. Our recent researches suggest that endothelial and white blood cells MP produce in vivo plasmin. They carry into the main circulation a fibrinolytic activity which is partially beyond the physiological inhibitors activity (PAI-1, x 2 antiplasmin). Preliminary findings show that this ability of plasmin generation is important in patients affected with septic shock. Our hypothesis is that an increase in plasmin generation by MP compensates the risk of occurrence of microthrombosis, modulating therefore the vital prognosis of patients with septic shock. The coagulolytic balance of MP, which is resulting of their own procoagulating and fibrinolytic activities could claim the status of new pronostic marker relevant in patients with septic shock.

To observe the effect of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) on hepatic perfusion in patients with septic shock. Hypothesis: Hepatic perfusion did not improved after EGDT in patients with septic shock.

Cardiogenic shock is a condition of low cardiac output that represents the end of a progressive deterioration of cardiac function. The main cause is ischemic heart disease but there are several causes of non-ischemic nature including sepsis. Sepsis is characterized by a picture of organ dysfunction caused by an altered response of the body to an infection. Its most serious form is septic shock, defined as a picture of sepsis in which the underlying abnormalities in the cardiovascular system and cellular metabolism are such as to increase mortality. An organ failure correlates directly with the function of others and this interdependence is especially evident when a cardiovascular failure is established. 3 Cardiac dysfunction in sepsis can be defined as that of a syndrome characterized by low cardiac output not related to myocardial ischemia. The use of levosimendan in cardiogenic shock during sepsis was first described in a 2005 case report. Since then there have been small studies and other case reports that have shown improvements in right and left ventricular contractility, ventricular coupling, cardiopulmonary performance, global oxygen transport, renal and splanchnic perfusion when compared to dobutamine and placebo. Other beneficial effects of this drug have emerged, including an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic action with a possible protection from ischemia-reperfusion damage. The present study aims to evaluate the correct use of levosimendan, after the occurrence of cardiogenic shock on a low cardiac index has been ascertained, with the aim of weaning from inotropic drugs in infusion.

The objective is to determine the sensitivity and specificity via Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve of Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) The secondary objectives are the same for the change in the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled (ΔEtCO2) and dynamic arterial elastance (Eadyn). it will also determine the sensitivity and specificity of these indices, either individually or combined to determine persistent responders to volemic expansion.