Active clinical trials for "Sleep Apnea, Obstructive"

Main objective: To assess the effect of the daily physical activity promotion with a pedometer during 12 months on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Study patients. Subjects 30-80 years old with diagnosis of mild-moderate OSA (AHI: 5-30 and predominance of obstructive events [>80%)]. Design. Randomized, parallel and open-label clinical trial, controlled with conventional treatment. Intervention: Patients will be randomized (1:1) to control group [treatment and follow-up according to conventional clinical practice] or intervention group [in addition to conventional treatment and follow-up, the patients will receive a pedometer to measure the number of steps walked daily. Based on the cumulative step count for each day and the mean value since the last visit, patients will receive a task to increase their steps per day by the next appointment according to the next protocol (<6000 steps/day: increase by 3000 steps/day; 6000 - 10000 steps/day: reach 10000 steps/day; and > 10000 steps/day: maintain or increase steps). Measurements. At , 12, 24 and 52 weeks of randomization, the following determinations will be made: anthropometric characteristics; clinical evaluation (smoking history, sleep symptoms, comorbidities, current medication); questionnaires (ESS, FOSQ, SF-12, EuroQoL and iPAZ); heart rate and blood pressure; analytical determinations (HbA1c, HOMA index, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, homocysteine, NT-proBNP and hsCRP); plasmatic biomarkers (8-isoprostane, IL1beta, IL6, IL8 and TNFalpha); and evaluation of daily physical activity using an accelerometer.

This trial will assess whether long-acting levodopa taken at night improves obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), as compared with placebo.

Many adults who are overweight have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) which disrupts sleep and makes it difficult to breath during the night. OSA increases the risk for a person to become insulin resistant and diabetic. It is not known why OSA causes this problem, i.e., whether it is disrupted sleep or lack of oxygen., which can change how the body handles glucose in adipose tissue, muscle tissue and liver. The purpose of this research study is to determine the key issues and mechanisms responsible for dysregulated glucose metabolism in people with OSA. The investigators will do this by comparing glucose metabolism in people who have OSA, and those who do not, and by evaluating the effect of treating OSA by providing continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or simply oxygen during the night. The proposed study will evaluate the primary causes(s) (hypoxia, sleep fragmentation, or both) and pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the OSA-associated metabolic abnormalities. Knowing the primary cause of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the OSA-associated metabolic abnormalities could help develop potentially novel therapeutic strategies to provide treatment for adults in improving OSA and associated comorbidities.

This research study aims to find out if a single oral dose of steroid after tonsillectomy will reduce pain and decrease the need for narcotic medications.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two common, severe disorders in children. Unfortunately, pediatric OSA is closely associated with ADHD, and both diseases can cause cognitive impairment, behavior problems, and low academic performance. OSA can damage the brain and induce autonomic dysfunction, and then cause cognitive, behavioral, and quality-of-life problems. The presence of ADHD can further exacerbate these adverse effects of OSA. Therefore, the identification of robust biomarkers of OSA and ADHD is a key imperative to facilitate early identification of the pathological features and mechanisms and to optimize the treatment of OSA and ADHD for the pediatric population. Diffusion MRI of the brain is one of the most widely used technology for assessment of brain tissue integrity and heart rate variability is one of the most widely used measurements of autonomic function. However, the effects of ADHD and adenotonsillectomy on MRI and HRV biomarkers in children with OSA have not been reported. We hypothesize that comorbid ADHD can deteriorate brain damage and autonomic dysfunction, and adenotonsillectomy can reverse these alternations in children with OSA. The aims of this study are (1) to investigate the differences in pediatric brain tissue integrity, autonomic function, attention, behavior, quality-of-life, and sleep factors between the 'OSA with ADHD', 'OSA without ADHD', and 'healthy control' group; (2) to evaluate the efficacy of adenotonsillectomy versus watchful waiting with supportive care, with respect to the same variables of interest; (3) to evaluate whether the relative efficacy of the treatment differs according to baseline ADHD, weight, or OSA severity; and (4) to develop a predictive model for surgical success rate using both conventional well-known factors and MRI/HRV biomarkers. This is a 3-year prospective study that includes two parts. The Part I study is a cross-sectional study recruiting 100 children (5 to 9 years of age) to investigate the differences in brain tissue integrity (voxel-based morphometry and fractional anisotropy; assessed by structure MRI [T1] for volumetric alternations of gray and white matter, resting-state functional MRI for functional connectivity, and diffusion MRI for white matter integrity), autonomic function (time-domain and frequency-domain analyses; assessed by a wearable, real-time HRV measurement), severity pf attentive and behavioral problems (assessed by the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham IV-Teacher and Parent Rating Scale), quality-of-life (assessed by OSA-18), and sleep factors (apnea-hypopnea index, obstructive apnea index, arousal index, mean and least oxygen saturation, and sleep stage; assessed by polysomnography) between the OSA with ADHD group (Study Group 1; n = 40), the OSA without ADHD group (Study Group 2; n = 40), and the healthy control group (Control Group; n = 20). The Part II study is a randomized controlled trial includes a total of 64 children with OSA (32 children will be recruited from Study Group 1 and Study Group 2, respectively). We randomly assigned (1:1) these 64 pediatric patients with OSA to adenotonsillectomy or a strategy of watchful waiting with supportive care, matched by ADHD, obesity, and severe OSA. Variables of interest using the same methodology are assessed at baseline and at 7 months.

Determine the efficacy of family-informed intervention (INT) vs standard clinical care over a period of twelve months in children with obstructive sleep apnea and Down Syndrome.

The role of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not clear. This randomized clinical trial will test the impact of OSA treatment on blood pressure (BP) and on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with CKD IIIb and IV (eGFR 44-15 ml/min). A polygraph will be performed to assess the presence of OSA (defined by an apnea-hypopnea index ≥15 events/hour). Patients with OSA will be randomized to use continuous positive upper airway pressure (CPAP) or to maintain optimized clinical treatment for BP control. Antihypertensive medication adjustments will be allowed using a standard protocol for both groups by the same researcher, who will not have access to CPAP follow-up. In addition to clinical (including BP and ambulatory BP monitoring, ABPM) and laboratory assessments at baseline, we will follow up at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months after randomization of the proposed outcomes. Target organ damage analyses, such as the retina and echocardiography, will be performed at baseline and after 1 year of randomization. Primary objective: to compare the effect of CPAP on the need to adjust antihypertensive medication to control systolic BP (<130mmHg) in patients with CKD; secondary objectives: 1) to evaluate the reduction in systolic and diastolic BP by office and ABPM; 2) assessment of nocturnal BP dipping; 3) to evaluate the impact of OSA treatment with CPAP on eGFR during follow-up; 4) to evaluate the impact of OSA treatment with CPAP on the evolution of albuminuria; 5) assessment of other target organ damage such as retinopathy and cardiac remodeling; 6) to evaluate the impact of OSA treatment with CPAP on the possible delay for renal replacement therapy or end-stage renal disease (eGFR <15ml/min and dialysis); 7) to evaluate the impact of OSA treatment with CPAP on the quality of life of patients with CKD. With a significance level of 5% and study power of 90%, two-tailed hypothesis testing, 74 patients with OSA per group, i.e., 148 patients in total, will be required to assess the primary endpoint (we estimate that 25% and 50% of patients in control and CPAP groups will not need to adjust their antihypertensive medication at follow-up, respectively).

Combined treatment with MAD and OE for adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea can significantly (i) improve muscle strength and endurance; (ii) reduce the severity of sleep apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multi-factorial sleep disorder. Complete collapse or partial collapse in the airway increases the risk of developing cardiovascular and kidney-related disease in OSA patients. Resulting in an increase in medical expenses and workload for the healthcare worker. Multilevel of upper airway muscles especially the genioglossus muscle showed to contribute to airway obstruction as it fatigues easily. The endurance level of OSA patients was shown to be significantly lower. Therefore, the goal of this experimental study is to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a comprehensive respiratory training exercise program on cardiorespiratory endurance, airway muscle function, and sleep parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Aside from exploring the therapeutic effect, the results of the study will be used to explore the mechanism of the treatment in relation to the changes in the OSA severity.

the investigators aim in this study is to investigate the effects of aerobic and oropharyngeal exercises on sleep quality in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS).