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Active clinical trials for "Pneumococcal Infections"

Results 191-200 of 236

Immunogenicity After Revaccination With 23-valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine: Healthy Elderly...

Pneumococcal Infections

Pneumococcal disease causes thousands of infections, such as meningitis, bloodstream infections, pneumonia, and ear infections in US annually. As pneumococcal vaccines provide serotype-specific protection, it is important to induce sufficient immune responses for the most clinically relevant serotypes. All adults aged 65 years or older are recommended to receive PPSV23 vaccination irrespective of underlying medical conditions. Thus, since May 2013, South Korea introduced PPSV23 in the national immunization program for elderly individuals aged ≥65 years. Following PPSV23 vaccination, serotype-specific IgG concentrations and OPA titers increase and then decline over time thereby decreasing protective efficacy, although these might remain above pre-vaccination levels until 5 years from PPSV23 administration. The decline of pneumococcal immunity may be more prominent among chronically ill patients, including those with diabetes. Currently however, revaccination is not recommended. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the serotype specific immunogenicity between healthy elderly people and old adults with diabetes after revaccination with PPSV23 at the age of 70-75 years. Serotype-specific IgG concentrations and opsonophagocytic killing activity (OPA) titers will be assessed.

Unknown status7 enrollment criteria

Mobile Phone SMS Messages and Automated Calls in Improving Vaccine Coverage Among Children in Pakistan...

TuberculosisPolio6 more

Routine childhood immunization (RCI) in Pakistan is well below the recommended coverage of 90% with rates as low as 16% in certain regions (Pakistan DHS 2012-3). This has led to continued polio transmission, large measles outbreaks and thousands of deaths from vaccine-preventable diseases (Kazi.Bull WHO 2016). Mobile phone communication is widespread in developing countries and has proven a potential method of directly connecting pregnant women and mothers to health services (Kharbanda. Expert Review of Vaccine 2014). The investigators propose conducting a mixed methods proof of concept cluster randomized trial (CRT) to assess the effectiveness of different types of SMS messaging and automated calls to improve RCI and understand the perceptions and barriers that may affect SMS and automated call-based interventions at participants levels. the investigators will conduct the study at urban and rural sites in Pakistan. The investigators will examine an important public health question - do low cost, automated SMS, and automated messages improve RCI coverage in resource-constrained settings? Further, investigators will compare the effectiveness of reminder, educational and interactive text messages for improving RCI and will generate socio-cultural data regarding the impact of participants health beliefs that will be important for setting up the appropriate interventions in other LMICs.

Unknown status2 enrollment criteria

Post Market Surveillance to Observe Safety of Prevenar13™ in Adults

Pneumococcal Disease

The purpose of this study is to assess safety profile of Prevenar 13™ when used among Korean adults in the routine clinical setting, as required for any new drug approved by Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA).

Completed3 enrollment criteria

Impact of PCV on Disease and Colonization Among Native American Communities

Pneumococcal Nasopharyngeal ColonizationInvasive Pneumococcal Disease

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on carriage of pneumococcus in the nasopharynx and on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in the community.

Completed2 enrollment criteria

Study Evaluating Streptococcus Pneumoniae Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate in Children Receiving Prevnar®...

Pneumococcal Infections

Primary Objective: To evaluate the impact of PCV7 vaccination on NP carriage rate of vaccine serotypes and serotype distribution Secondary Objective: To evaluate the impact of PCV7 vaccination on NP carriage of antibiotic resistant pneumococci and serotype distribution.

Completed5 enrollment criteria

7-valent Pneumococcal Conjugated Vaccination

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease

Hypothesis: the efficacy of 2 doses 7-valent PCV is equivalent to 1 dose 7-valent PCV.

Unknown status5 enrollment criteria

Effects of MAC Preventive Therapy on Disease-Causing Bacteria in HIV-Infected Patients: A Substudy...

Mycobacterium Avium-intracellulare InfectionHIV Infections1 more

Some people who have taken azithromycin to prevent MAC (Mycobacterium avium Complex, a bacterial infection common in HIV-infected persons) have been found to carry antibiotic-resistant bacteria (germs that grow despite the presence of drugs used to kill them). The purpose of this study is to see if people who take azithromycin carry more antibiotic-resistant bacteria than people who have chosen to delay MAC preventive therapy. When bacteria like Streptococcus (a type of bacteria that causes pneumonia and meningitis) are frequently exposed to antibiotics, the bacteria can become resistant to the drugs. MAC preventive therapy uses antibiotics, but this can make it difficult to treat other infections caused by bacteria that have become resistant in HIV-infected persons. If MAC preventive therapy is delayed, Streptococcus in the body may be less likely to develop resistance. Therefore, if the patient does get a Streptococcus infection, it will be easier to treat because it is not resistant to the antibiotics.

Completed2 enrollment criteria

Identifocation the B Cell Subsets Responsible for Anti-pneumococcal Response

Pneumococcal Diseases

The purpose of this study is to determine which B lymphocytes subsets are responsible for the production of IgM, IgG2 and IgA anti-pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides after vaccination with a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.

Completed12 enrollment criteria

Mechanisms of Impaired HIV-associated B Cell and Pneumococcal Vaccine Responses

HIVPneumococcal Infections1 more

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is complicated by high rates of infections and cancers which are often the cause of death rather than the HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus itself. Treatment of HIV with antiretroviral medications has decreased the frequency of many complications by over 90%, but bacterial pneumonia remains extremely high. Current vaccines are not very effective in preventing these infections in patients with HIV infection. The investigators are studying the cells (B cells) that make antibodies to fight infection by binding to and killing bacteria. The goal is to understand how HIV impairs the ability of B cells to make antibodies in sufficient quantity and of sufficient quality to protect patients with HIV to learn how to enhance protection against these infections. The investigators also seek to understand the role of the bacteria (specifically Streptococcus pneumoniae) that normally live in the nose and throat in the development of pneumonia and other infections.

Unknown status21 enrollment criteria

The Role of Reactive Thrombocytosis in Children With Pneumococcal Infection

ThrombocytosisS. Pneumoniae Infection

Thrombocytosis, mostly reactive in nature, is common in pediatric hospitalized patients with infections. Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. Pneumoniae) is the most common pathogen. In this study, the investigators investigated the associations of clinical profiles and thrombocytosis and evaluated platelet counts, leukocyte counts and CRP levels as predictors of hospitalization days in patients with S. pneumoniae infection.

Completed2 enrollment criteria
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