Active clinical trials for "Stress Disorders, Traumatic"

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex disorder expressed as a variety of neurobiological symptoms, including anxiety, re-experiencing, hyperarousal, and avoidance symptoms, along with comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and increased risk for self-medicating substance abuse. Currently, there are only two approved medications in the United States (US) for PTSD, paroxetine and sertraline. Psychedelic medications, including psilocybin, have recently received breakthrough designation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for other psychiatric indications. Although no formal clinical trials have yet investigated psychedelic substances for the treatment of PTSD, the available evidence warrants such an investigation. The present study aims to investigate the effect of psilocybin on treatment-resistant PTSD.

Approximately 20 million Americans suffer from Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) creating risks for major health problems, including dementia, heart attack, and stroke. Obesity, a growing problem for Americans and Veterans alike, is the greatest risk factor for the development of OSA. Male gender and smoking, other OSA risk factors, are common in Veterans. Given the high comorbidity of these risk factors in Veterans, OSA presents a significant health burden to Veterans. The investigators' prior work provides evidence that OSA occurs in up to 69% of Vietnam-era Veterans with PTSD. OSA is easily treated; however, 15-30% of OSA patients are non-compliant with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), the standard OSA treatment. The proposed research aims to facilitate adherence to CPAP treatment by testing a novel cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention in Veterans with PTSD. If successful, it may represent an approach that could be applied to the rehabilitation of other chronic conditions with similar barriers to care.

In this study, individuals with and without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) will undergo one positron emission tomography (PET) scan using the radiotracer [11C]PBR28, which binds to the 18kDa translocator protein (TSPO). A subset of individuals who complete the first PET [11C]PBR28 scan will be invited to complete an inflammatory challenge and second PET [11C]PBR28 scan. Approximately 3 hours prior to the second [11C]PBR28 PET scan, lipopolysaccharide (LPS; endotoxin) will be administered to evoke a robust neuroimmune response. Subjects will also undergo behavioral and cognitive testing. Vital signs, subjective response, and peripheral biomarker levels will be assayed periodically throughout the experimental session. Specific aims: 1) Determine if individuals with PTSD exhibit neuroimmune system disruption relative to well-matched comparators at baseline. 2) Determine if individuals with PTSD exhibit a disrupted neuroimmune response after a classical immune stimulus relative to well-matched comparators. 3) Determine if LPS differentially alters cognitive function, subjective response, or physiological markers in individuals with PTSD compared to well-matched comparators. Hypothesis: Individuals with PTSD will exhibit a suppressed neuroimmune system at baseline and an attenuated neuroimmune response following LPS challenge, relative to matched trauma controls.

Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have greater prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs), with this comorbidity associated with worse illness outcomes, yet there remains limited mechanistic understanding of how PTSD confers risk for AUD. Understanding risk factors that associate with and predict the development of AUDs in PTSD could inform interventions and prevention efforts to reduce the rate of this comorbidity and improve outcomes of both disorders. Identifying predictors of risk requires longitudinal studies in PTSD aimed at capturing the mechanisms leading to the emergence of AUDs. There is growing evidence PTSD is related to biased decision-making during approach-avoidance conflict. Alcohol is also suggested to alter approach-avoidance decision-making. AUDs and acute alcohol intoxication is associated with a bias to seek out reward despite the possibility of threat (e.g., contributing to relapse following alcohol cue exposure and risky behavior during intoxication respectively). Alcohol-induced changes in approach-avoidance decision-making have not been investigated in the context of PTSD, but emerging data support the investigators' hypothesis that an interaction between alcohol and approach-avoidance conflict in PTSD may occur and contribute to risk for alcohol misuse and development of alcohol problems. No current data, cross-sectional or longitudinal, have tested the role of alcohol-induced changes in approach-avoidance conflict as a mechanism of risk for AUD among individuals with PTSD. To address this gap, the investigators propose to leverage the group's expertise in placebo-controlled alcohol administration procedures, longitudinal modeling, functional neuroimaging, and computational neuroscience approaches to investigate the effects of acute alcohol on approach-avoidance decision-making and mediating changes in multivariate neurocircuitry patterns in limbic, striatal, and salience networks.

Children in foster care have an increased risk of exposure to adverse experiences during childhood and across the lifespan. In current studies of interventions children in foster care are often excluded, or they are too few to be included in statistical analyses of outcomes. As a consequence, knowledge on feasibility of treatment methods for some of the most exposed and maltreated children in society is sparse. Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP) is an intervention for children 0-6 years who have been exposed to adverse and traumatic events. CPP is currently being implemented in Sweden. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of CPP for children in foster care.

Adult Psychiatry Clinic Medical University of Gdańsk (MUG) is a healthcare facility that provides ketamine treatment to adult patients suffering from mental health conditions. The Clinic especially treats individuals suffering from treatment-resistant disorders, like - mood disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, trauma and stressor-related disorders, somatic symptom and related disorders, and dissociative disorders. Herein, this naturalistic observation aims to look at the safety and tolerability of ketamine treatment to further develop the understanding of ketamine in the use of psychiatry.

The purpose of this study is to examine whether Written Exposure Therapy (WET) can be effectively delivered virtually and in a group format for the treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in a military and police population. The objective of this study is to assess treatment feasibility and acceptability, drop out rates, changes in severity of trauma-related symptoms and symptoms of depression, quality of life, and the need for further trauma-focused treatment (TFT) for the the delivery of WET as a virtual, group based intervention.

This study seeks to conduct a randomized, double-blind pilot study, to determine whether the Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and study procedure are feasible and acceptable for use with World Trade Center responders with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.

The objective of this study is to evaluate correlation between Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) score immediately in patients who have experienced psychotrauma and occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder at distance from traumatic event. This could allow, in future, implementation of a systematic telephone reminder of psychotraumatized patients when they have a high score on the CGI scale, and thus detect onset of a stress disorder as early as possible, post-traumatic and orientation of these patients on specialized care.

The aim of this study is to investigate the adaptation and validity of the DSM-5 PTSD-RI -5 scale in patients who have been exposed to traumatic events. Thus, a scale useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of PTSD will be presented to the Turkish population.