Active clinical trials for "Constriction, Pathologic"

Total of 60 patients with a diagnosis of spinal stenosis is planned for 30 patients, with physical therapy modeling and exercise, and 30 patients with surgical treatment. Patients will be evaluated by the same physician 5 times, before early primary treatment, 1st month, 3rd month, 6th month and 12th month after treatment.

Aortic stenosis is the most common valvulopathy in Western countries. Cardiac EchoDoppler is the reference method for assessment of aortic stenosis and provides prognostic elements. However, it is imperfect with many inconsistencies between measures. On the other hand, the prognosis of patients with low flow and low gradient aortic retraction is discussed. The main objective of this work is to study the prognosis of asymptomatic and symptomatic aortic retraction.

Consecutive patients with severe mitral stenosis and clot in left atrial appendage (LAA) on transesophageal echocardiography fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be recruited for this study. An ACUSON 128-XP echocardiographic system equipped with omniplane and biplane transesophageal probes will be used for this study. TEE followed by CT Angiography will be performed according to the standard procedure after obtaining informed consent.

Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are the second leading cause of death in France, and the most frequent cause of acquired physical and mental disability. Up to 90% of strokes are ischemic, among which about 15% are due to the presence of stenosis of the carotid sinus, at the base of the extracranial internal carotid artery. For many years, only the degree of stenosis was used to assess the risk of stroke, based on the results of original studies from the 1990s. However, the significant improvement in medical treatments since then has significantly reduced the risk of stroke, and the benefits of carotid intervention are becoming increasingly debatable. Since the publication of the latest recommendations, the degree of stenosis alone is no longer sufficient to propose an intervention, since most of them will never lead to a neurological event. In addition to stenosis greater than 60%, for the first time, other criteria must be sought to decide on treatment. For example, so-called carotid plaque "vulnerability" criteria, defining patients "at high risk of stroke," should be sought.

Background: Severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the commonest valve disease. Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is primarily indicated when symptoms occur and/or when there is a drop in left ventricular ejection fraction. However, irreversible myocardial damage, such as replacement fibrosis, leads to increased morbidity and mortality despite treatment. Improved patient selection and timely treatment is thus warranted. T1 mapping, a non-invasive method to quantify myocardial fibrosis by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), could be a marker to guide treatment. Aims: To investigate the change of myocardial fibrosis* in AS patients following AVR and if these changes are associated with disease and/or procedural characteristics. Methods: This is an observational clinical trial. Approximately 60 patients with severe AS planned to undergo AVR (either surgical or transcatheter) at Rigshospitalet, Denmark will be included. Participants will undergo CMR before surgery and at a 1-year follow-up. Other assessments include clinical evaluation and blood sampling. The primary end-point is change in T1 values after AVR. Hypotheses and perspectives: The investigators hypothesize that (1) myocardial fibrosis* will regress in patients undergoing AVR as a group, (2) the degree of myocardial fibrosis is positively correlated with the degree of symptoms, (3) the regression of myocardial fibrosis is greater in patients undergoing TAVR compared to SAVR, and (4) the regression of myocardial fibrosis is greater in patients with tricuspid aortic stenosis compared to bicuspid aortic stenosis. Ultimately, T1 mapping is a potential marker for improved patient selection for the timing of AVR. * Estimated by T1 mapping

Tracheal stenosis (TS) is a serious complication that occurs in approximately 6-22% of patients due to prolonged endotracheal intubation. Cuff hyperinflation of the endotracheal tube, use of large tubes, advanced age, female gender, smoking, obesity, and diabetes are risk factors for TS. The most common and serious complication in COVID-19 patients is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which requires oxygen and ventilation treatments. In the literature, it is reported that 9.8-15.2% of patients need invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The concern of aerosol formation and prone position applications that emerged with the coronavirus pandemic caused delays in tracheostomy decisions and the use of uncontrolled high cuff pressures, paving the way for TS. The capillary perfusion pressure of the tracheal mucosa ranges from 20 to 30 mmHg. A cuff pressure of the endotracheal tube above 30 mmHg causes mucosal ischemia. Cartilage inflammation due to ischemic injury may be partial or full thickness. Depending on the degree of inflammation in the affected tracheal segments, stenosis and even perforation may develop. It is aimed to determine the etiological causes, to determine how much of the total TS cases covid-related TS constitutes, to examine the treatments and patient results in covid/non-covid TS. This study will contribute to the measures that can be taken during and after the care process in the intensive care unit.

SSPC includes degree of Stenosis, Symptoms, Plaque stability and Compensation of the cerebral blood flow. SSPC, a comprehensive evaluation system on carotid artery stenosis, is established and advocated in this trial in order to make assessment on risk of carotid revascularization preoperatively and prediction of cerebral events postoperatively.

It has been demonstrated that urethroplasty should be considered the gold standard treatment for urethral stricture disease as it yields higher long-term success rates than endoscopic treatment options such as direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) or dilation. Many data about these procedures exist, although most of the publications about urethroplasty are retrospective and involve a tremendous risk of bias. To address these issues, this study is designed to prospectively gain evidence about this matter in all patient subgroups facing a potential treatment with urethroplasty: native men, native women, transmen, transwomen and children.

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of a previously developed peroral cholangioscopy (POC) convolutional neural network (CNN) to determine the etiology of biliary strictures when used in real-time.

Multicentric Italian registry aimed to evaluated the role and results of plastic and metal stents in the treatment of malignant distal biliary strictures