Active clinical trials for "Sudden Infant Death"

The delivery of anticipatory guidance is an essential component of pediatric practice. Given the large amount of information to be shared during each encounter and the limited time available, there is a need for an effective and efficient means of communication between health care providers and families. The investigators hypothesize that more active parental participation in the form of note taking during the delivery of anticipatory guidance will lead to increased knowledge, higher levels of satisfaction with the encounter, and increased adoption of recommended parenting practices. In this study, the investigators propose a randomized controlled trial of the impact of note taking during the delivery of newborn anticipatory guidance on maternal practices related to newborn care. The investigators plan to compare a control group of mothers receiving standard of care anticipatory guidance with an intervention group of mothers who are encouraged to take written notes while receiving the anticipatory guidance. The primary outcome of interest is maternal practice related to infant sleep position, and the secondary outcomes of interest are maternal practice related to breastfeeding initiation and car seat use. The investigators also plan to evaluate the impact of note taking on mothers' knowledge of recommended practices related to newborn care and on mothers' satisfaction with the guidance received.

The purpose of this study is to determine if the introduction of pacifier use to infants at 2 weeks of age, once breast feedings are well established, will affect the incidence and duration of successful breastfeedings.

This study will evaluate baby box ownership and safe sleep practices (sleep location, sleep position, use of bedding) among families provided a free baby box and standardized safe sleep education compared to families provided a safe sleep pamphlet and information on how to obtain a free box in the community.

The overall purpose of this investigation is to better understand factors contributing to the high incidence of prone sleep positioning in African-American infants. In addition, the investigators are interested in investigating other races and ethinicities to understand their beliefs and perceptions and determine differences socioeconomically and socioculturally within and between groups. The investigators will address the following specific aims: (-) To compare knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding infant sleep position in parents of higher and lower SES. (-) To identify risk factors for non-use of recommended supine sleep position in families with higher and lower SES (-) to develop a phenomenologic understanding of the decisions made by parents of higher SES and lower SES who do nt use recommended supine sleep position, using qualitative techniques.

In light of declining autopsy rates around the world, post-mortem MR imaging is a promising alternative to conventional autopsy in the investigation of infant death. A major drawback of this non-invasive autopsy approach is the fact that histopathological and microbiological examination of the tissue is not possible. The objective of this prospective study is to compare the performance of minimally invasive, virtual autopsy, including CT-guided biopsy, with conventional autopsy procedures in a paediatric population. Foetuses, newborns, infants and children that are referred for autopsy at three different institutions associated with the University of Zurich will be eligible for recruitment. All bodies will be examined with a commercial CT and a 3 Tesla MRI scanner, and investigators will be blinded to the results of conventional autopsy. After cross-sectional imaging, CT-guided tissue sampling will be performed by a multifunctional robotic system (Virtobot) allowing for automated post-mortem biopsies. Virtual autopsy results will be classified with regards to the likely final diagnosis and major pathological findings and compared to the results of conventional autopsy, which remains the diagnostic gold standard. This interdisciplinary study will determine whether virtual autopsy will narrow the gap in information between non-invasive and traditional autopsy procedures.

Teen mothers present a unique set of challenges in reducing the risk for sleep-related infant mortality, in part because they may not be the sole decision-maker for an infant's sleep environment and position and they make seek advice from older female support people. Investigators will conduct a randomized controlled trial of a educational intervention to mitigate the risks of unsafe infant sleep practices across generations. Given the complexity and variability of teen-SCG relationships, investigators will include an examination of inter- and intra-personal factors that are key control variables or may mediate the uptake of safe sleep recommendations. Investigators believe that the intervention will empower support people to positively influence a teen mother's adoption of safe sleep recommendations.

When babies start day care, they experience many changes, some of which may affect their risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The investigators want to find out if stress or change in the baby's sleep patterns can be a reason for this increased risk for SIDS.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there has been a change in perinatal outcomes following the phased smoking ban introduction (January 2004 for workplaces; July 2008 for bars and restaurants) workplaces in the Netherlands.

In the United States, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)is the leading cause of death in infants between the ages of 1 and 12 months. The etiology of SIDS is still not clear although a number of risk factors have been identified. Sleeping on the stomach has been identified as a major risk for SIDS. The rates of SIDS have dropped substantially in countries in which the usual sleep position has changed from the stomach to the side or back. Back sleep has been shown to be the most stable and safest position. The American Academy of Pediatrics now recommends the back sleeping position for all healthy infants. Since the American Academy of Pediatrics began advocating the back sleep position, the incidence of SIDS has decreased by more than 40% in this country. However, the decrease has not been uniform across segments of the population. Black infants continue to have a higher rate of SIDS compared with other groups. This discrepancy could be related to infant sleep position practices. Several studies have shown that infants born to low income, minority, inner-city families were more likely to be placed on the stomach to sleep. Education appears to influence choice of sleep position and may explain, at least to some degree, the difference in choice of sleep position among certain groups. We believe that uniform education of parents will influence the sleep position that parents choose for their baby. We will undertake this initial study to document what parents choose to do with their infants regarding sleep position and why they make these choices so that we can improve our educational approach.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there has been a change in low birth weight and perinatal and infant mortality following the July 2007 introduction of a ban on smoking in public places and workplaces in England.